RNo direct record — estimated from his serving as Minister over the MassesWei 4 §149
NStudied in Jingnan and discussed formations with Cui Zhouping and Shi GuangyuanCh. 113 §33
| Occupation | RGeneral · General of Agile Cavalry | Faction | Wei |
|---|---|---|---|
| Appears | RN | Biography in | |
| Born | Native place | Henei Commandery Wen County Unverified | |
| Existence | Historical | Mentions | R5 |
Sima Wang was a general of Wei. According to the Biography of Jiang Wei in the Records, when Jiang Wei came out through the Luo Valley in the 20th year of Yanxi (257) and threatened Changcheng, Sima Wang and Deng Ai encamped at Changcheng to hold him off, and keeping a strong camp beside the Wei River, they did not respond to Jiang Wei's challenges to battle. Records, Shu 14 §39–40
According to the Annals of the Three Young Emperors, in the 1st year of Xianxi (264) he went from General of the Guards to General of Agile Cavalry, and the following year, after Sima Yan succeeded to the position of King of Jin, he became Minister over the Masses. Chen Shou's main text does not record his courtesy name, origin, lineage or death. Records, Wei 4 §128 · 134 · 145 · 148–149Records, Shu 14 §39–40
In the Romance he first appears in Chapter 112 as the general guarding Changcheng and a clan elder brother of Sima Zhao, and he appears in 6 of the 120 chapters, though no chapter has his name in its title. Paired with Deng Ai, he holds off Jiang Wei, and in Chapter 113 he rescues Deng Ai, who is trapped in Jiang Wei's Long Snake Coiling on the Ground Formation. Romance, Ch. 112 §29Romance, Ch. 113 §33
In the 20th year of Yanxi (257), when Wei's General-in-Chief Who Conquers the East Zhuge Dan rebelled in Huainan, Wei divided the troops of Guanzhong and sent them east. Seeking to exploit the gap and head for Qinchuan, Jiang Wei again led tens of thousands of men out through the Luo Valley and went straight to Chenling. At that time a great deal of grain was stored at Changcheng but its garrison was small, and everyone was alarmed at the news that Jiang Wei was coming. The Biography of Jiang Wei records that 'Wei's General-in-Chief Sima Wang' resisted him and that Deng Ai also came from Longyou, and they all encamped at Changcheng. Records, Shu 14 §39
Jiang Wei advanced, stationed himself on the Mang River and built his camps against the mountains. Sima Wang and Deng Ai kept a strong camp beside the Wei River, and although Jiang Wei came down several times to offer battle, they did not respond. In the 1st year of Jingyao (258), on hearing that Zhuge Dan had been defeated, Jiang Wei returned to Chengdu. Records, Shu 14 §40
According to the Annals of the Three Young Emperors, on the day guimao in the 1st year of Xianxi (264), Sima Wang, General of the Guards, became General of Agile Cavalry. In the 8th month of the 2nd year of Xianxi (265) the Chancellor of State and King of Jin died and the Crown Prince Sima Yan succeeded to his position; on the day wuwu the Minister over the Masses He Zeng became Chancellor of Jin, and on the day guihai Sima Wang, General of Agile Cavalry, became Minister over the Masses. In Chen Shou's main text Sima Wang appears only in these few places in the Biography of Jiang Wei and the Annals of the Three Young Emperors, and his courtesy name, origin, lineage and death are not recorded. Records, Wei 4 §128 · 134 · 145 · 148–149Records, Shu 14 §39–40
In Chapter 112 of the Romance, Sima Wang is the general guarding Changcheng and a clan elder brother of Sima Zhao. The city has plenty of grain and fodder but few men and horses, and on hearing that the Shu army is coming he sets up camp 20 li from the city with Wang Zhen and Li Peng. When Jiang Wei likens Sima Zhao to Li Jue and Guo Si and calls on him to surrender, Sima Wang retorts, 'You have been insolent enough to invade our superior state many times.' But Wang Zhen is captured by Fu Qian and then stabbed to death by the spears of the Shu soldiers, Li Peng is killed by a blow from Fu Qian's iron mace, and Sima Wang abandons his camp, enters the city and shuts the gates. Romance, Ch. 112 §29–32
When the Shu army burns the city with fire arrows and dry firewood and its fall is imminent, Deng Ai and his son Deng Zhong appear behind Jiang Wei and give battle. After setting up camp against the Wei River, Deng Ai sends Sima Wang a letter saying that they must on no account fight but should hold firm and wait for the troops from Guanzhong, and he sends his eldest son Deng Zhong to help defend the city. Romance, Ch. 112 §32–33 · 36–37
In Chapter 113, when Deng Ai is trapped in Jiang Wei's Long Snake Coiling on the Ground Formation, Sima Wang breaks in from the northwest corner and rescues him. Sima Wang says that when he traveled to study in Jingnan as a youth he became friends with Cui Zhouping and Shi Guangyuan and discussed this formation with them, so seeing that the head of the formation lay to the northwest, he struck from that side. The next day Sima Wang competes with Jiang Wei in formations before the lines, deploying the Eight Trigrams formation and claiming it has 81 variations, but Jiang Wei says his has 365 and calls him a frog at the bottom of a well. Jiang Wei sees through Deng Ai's plan for a surprise attack and sends out the troops on both wings, and the Wei army suffers a crushing defeat. Romance, Ch. 113 §33–34 · 37–39
In the same chapter, Sima Wang tells Deng Ai that since the ruler of Shu, Liu Shan, favors the eunuch Huang Hao, they can use a stratagem of sowing discord to have Jiang Wei recalled, and Deng Ai sends Dang Jun to Chengdu to collude with Huang Hao. When Jiang Wei receives the edict and withdraws his army, Deng Ai and Sima Wang draw out the troops south of the Wei River and pursue him. In Chapter 114, when Dang Jun returns and reports, Deng Ai tells Sima Wang that since the ruler and his ministers are not in harmony, there will surely be an upheaval from within. Romance, Ch. 113 §41–43Romance, Ch. 114 §4
In Chapter 115, when Jiang Wei comes out toward Taoyang, Sima Wang suspects that Jiang Wei actually means to attack Qishan, but after hearing Deng Ai's explanation he follows his plan, hides troops in Taoyang and leaves its four gates open. Xiahou Ba, entering in the belief that the city is empty, dies beneath its walls together with 500 soldiers, and Sima Wang sallies out from inside the city and routs the Shu army. That night, when Deng Ai launches a surprise attack on the Shu camp from Houhe, Sima Wang also sallies from the city and they attack from both sides. Romance, Ch. 115 §4–11
In Chapter 116, on receiving the edict to attack Shu, Deng Ai has Sima Wang hold back the Qiang. In Chapter 119, on ascending to the position of King of Jin, Sima Yan appoints Sima Wang Minister over the Masses. Romance, Ch. 116 §6Romance, Ch. 119 §35
Lineage: Chapter 112 of the Romance introduces Sima Wang as a clan elder brother of Sima Zhao, and in Chapter 113 he says that as a youth he was friends with Cui Zhouping and Shi Guangyuan in Jingnan. Chen Shou's main text does not record his lineage or origin. Romance, Ch. 112 §29Romance, Ch. 113 §33Records, Shu 14 §39–40Records, Wei 4 §134 · 149
The fighting at Changcheng: In Chapter 112 of the Romance, Sima Wang confronts Jiang Wei outside the city, loses Wang Zhen and Li Peng, is shut up in the city and driven to the brink of its fall by fire, and only escapes the crisis when Deng Ai arrives. In the Biography of Jiang Wei in the Records, Sima Wang and Deng Ai encamped together at Changcheng and held firm beside the Wei River, and did not respond when Jiang Wei repeatedly offered battle. Romance, Ch. 112 §30–33Records, Shu 14 §39–40
Why Jiang Wei withdrew: In Chapter 113 of the Romance, at Sima Wang's suggestion Deng Ai uses a stratagem of sowing discord to have Jiang Wei recalled to Chengdu. In the Biography of Jiang Wei in the Records, Jiang Wei returned to Chengdu in the 1st year of Jingyao (258) on hearing that Zhuge Dan had been defeated. Romance, Ch. 113 §41–43Records, Shu 14 §40
The contest of formations: In Chapter 113 of the Romance, Sima Wang rescues Deng Ai from the Long Snake Coiling on the Ground Formation and competes with Jiang Wei in formations. The standoff at Changcheng in the Biography of Jiang Wei in the Records involves no battle of formations, and Chen Shou's main text has no record of Sima Wang fighting at Qishan. Romance, Ch. 113 §33 · 37–39Records, Shu 14 §39–40
Taoyang and Houhe (侯河): In Chapter 115 of the Romance, Sima Wang lies in ambush at Taoyang according to Deng Ai's plan, brings about Xiahou Ba's death and joins in attacking Jiang Wei from both sides. The Biography of Jiang Wei in the Records says only that in the 5th year of Jingyao (262) Jiang Wei advanced to Houhe (侯和), was defeated by Deng Ai and returned to Tazhong, and Sima Wang does not appear. Romance, Ch. 115 §6–11Records, Shu 14 §43
Offices: The Romance introduces him in Chapter 112 only as the general guarding Changcheng, and in Chapter 119 Sima Yan appoints him Minister over the Masses. The Biography of Jiang Wei in the Records calls him 'Wei's General-in-Chief' in the 20th year of Yanxi (257), and in the Annals of the Three Young Emperors he went from General of the Guards to General of Agile Cavalry in the 1st year of Xianxi (264) and became Minister over the Masses after Sima Yan succeeded to the position of King of Jin in the 2nd year of Xianxi (265). Romance, Ch. 112 §29Romance, Ch. 119 §35Records, Shu 14 §39Records, Wei 4 §128 · 134 · 145 · 148–149
Written by 3KDEX (not yet reviewed) — The tags at the end of each paragraph link to the exact passage in the Records volume or Romance chapter it is based on.
The Records score (Chen Shou’s Records of the Three Kingdoms, main text) is the baseline. Each ability compares how the Romance redrew the same person, and the evidence from both sources explains the difference.
RNo direct record — estimated from his serving as Minister over the MassesWei 4 §149
NStudied in Jingnan and discussed formations with Cui Zhouping and Shi GuangyuanCh. 113 §33
RKept a strong camp with Deng Ai and held off Jiang Wei without responding to his challengesShu 14 §39
NRescued Deng Ai and succeeded with the ambush at Taoyang, but abandoned his camp at ChangchengCh. 113 §33Ch. 115 §10Ch. 112 §32
RNo direct record — estimated from his role as General-in-ChiefShu 14 §39
NNo direct record — estimated from his sending out his lieutenants to fightCh. 112 §30
RSent Jiang Wei back by a defense that refused to give battleShu 14 §40
NSaw through the Long Snake Coiling on the Ground Formation and proposed sowing discord, but had not fully learned the formationsCh. 113 §33Ch. 113 §41Ch. 113 §39
RNo direct record — estimated from his serving as General of Agile Cavalry and Minister over the MassesWei 4 §149
NNo direct record — estimated from his appointment as Minister over the MassesCh. 119 §35
RNo direct record — estimated from his high officesWei 4 §134
NNo direct record — estimated from his role as commander of ChangchengCh. 112 §29
RNo direct record — estimated from his high officesWei 4 §149
NNo direct record — estimated from his role as commanderCh. 112 §30
RNo direct record — estimated from his high officesWei 4 §134
NAfter losing his lieutenants in the first battle, abandoned his camp and withdrew into the city to defend itCh. 112 §32
RNo direct record — estimated from his high officesWei 4 §149
NArgued back stubbornly in the exchange over formations and had his scheme exposedCh. 113 §38
RNo direct record — estimated from his high officesWei 4 §149
NNo direct record — estimated from his role as commanderCh. 112 §29
Records Romance Unverified No direct record; scored from their actions (evidence grade C)
3KDEX scoring — the Records use the main text of Chen Shou’s Records of the Three Kingdoms; the Romance uses the 120-chapter Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Click a source tag to open that passage in the reader.
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| Parents | Sima Fu Records |
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Based on Wikidata items for the historical and Romance figures. Relations without the Unverified badge were also confirmed in the Records.
Includes automatic matching from Wikipedia infoboxes and source keywords (unverified).