Deng Zhong 鄧忠

RecordsRomance Wei 등충邓忠

Profile
OccupationRNGeneralFactionWei
AppearsRNBiography in
BornR? N? UnverifiedNative placeNanyang Commandery Jiyang County Unverified
DiedR264 N(same) UnverifiedPlace of deathRNMianzhu County
Cause of deathRKilled NKilled Unverified
ExistenceHistoricalMentionsR3

Profile

Deng Zhong was the son of the Wei general Deng Ai. He has no biography of his own in the Records and appears three times in the Biography of Deng Ai. In the 1st year of Ganlu (256), when Deng Ai was rewarded for defeating Jiang Wei at Duangu, he was enfeoffed as a village marquis with 500 households split off from his father's fief, and in the Shu campaign of the 4th year of Jingyuan (263), as Marquis of Huitang Village, he defeated Zhuge Zhan at Mianzhu together with Shi Zuan. The following year, when Deng Ai was accused of rebellion and beheaded west of Mianzhu by Tian Xu and others sent by Wei Guan, he died with him. Records, Wei 28 §65–66 · 72 · 81

Chen Shou's assessment does not treat him separately. In the Romance he first appeared in Chapter 111 as a general lying in ambush in the battle of Duangu, and featured in 6 of its 120 chapters, though his name never appeared in a chapter title. In Chapter 112 he fought dozens of bouts with Jiang Wei, in Chapter 117 he led the way in cutting a road along the byway of Yinping, and in Chapter 119 he was seized together with his father and died at Mianzhu. Records, Wei 28 §140Romance, Ch. 111 §14Romance, Ch. 112 §34–36Romance, Ch. 117 §12Romance, Ch. 119 §19

In the Records

When Deng Ai fought Jiang Wei at Duangu and crushed him, an edict of the 1st year of Ganlu (256) made Deng Ai General Who Guards the West and Commander of the armies of Longyou, raised his enfeoffment to Marquis of Deng, and split off 500 households of his fief to enfeoff his son Deng Zhong as a village marquis. Records, Wei 28 §65–66

In the 10th month, in the winter of the 4th year of Jingyuan (263), Deng Ai passed through more than seven hundred li of uninhabited land by the Yinping road and reached Jiangyou (江由), while the Shu General of the Guards Zhuge Zhan returned from Fu County to Mianzhu and drew up his ranks to await him. Deng Ai sent his son Deng Zhong, Marquis of Huitang Village, and others out on the right, and the Major Shi Zuan and others out on the left. When the fighting went badly for them, Deng Zhong and Shi Zuan both fell back and said, 'The enemy cannot be attacked.' Deng Ai, angry, said, 'The division between survival and ruin lies in this single effort; what is there that cannot be done?' and rebuked the two and the others, intending to behead them. Deng Zhong and Shi Zuan galloped back, fought again and crushed the enemy, beheading Zhuge Zhan, the Master of Writing Zhang Zun and others. Deng Ai advanced his army to Luo County, and Liu Shan sent an envoy to ask to surrender. Records, Wei 28 §71–72

The edict of the 12th month of that year making Deng Ai Grand Commandant enfeoffed two of his sons as village marquises with a fief of a thousand households each. The Records do not make clear who those two sons were. Records, Wei 28 §76–77

When Zhong Hui, Hu Lie, Shi Zuan and others reported that Deng Ai's conduct was perverse and rebellious, an edict was issued to summon Deng Ai in a prisoner's cart. After Deng Ai and his son had been imprisoned, Zhong Hui reached Chengdu, first sent Deng Ai off under escort, and then rose in revolt. After Zhong Hui's death, the officers and men of Deng Ai's own camp went after him, released Deng Ai from the prisoner's cart and tried to bring him back, but Wei Guan sent Tian Xu and others to attack Deng Ai, and they met him west of Mianzhu and beheaded him. His son Deng Zhong also died with Deng Ai, his other sons in Luoyang were all executed, and Deng Ai's wife, children and grandsons were banished to the Western Regions. The Annals of the Three Young Emperors record Deng Ai's being killed as an event of the 1st month of the 1st year of Xianxi (264). Records, Wei 28 §80–81Records, Wei 4 §128

In his assessment, Chen Shou said only that Deng Ai 'was vigorous and strong and achieved merit and accomplished his tasks, but was blind to guarding against danger, so that blame and ruin soon came upon him,' and did not treat Deng Zhong separately. The Records do not record Deng Zhong's courtesy name or age. Records, Wei 28 §140

In the Romance

In Chapter 111 of the Romance, Deng Ai gave his son Deng Zhong and the Colonel before the Tent Shi Zuan 5,000 troops each and had them lie in ambush at Duangu in advance. When Jiang Wei reached Duangu on his way to attack Shanggui, the two forces of Shi Zuan and Deng Zhong burst out, and Deng Ai also came up with his troops, attacking him from three directions. After the battle, on Chen Tai's memorial, Sima Zhao raised Deng Ai's offices and titles and also enfeoffed his son Deng Zhong as a village marquis. Romance, Ch. 111 §14 · 18–19 · 23

In Chapter 112 Deng Zhong appeared as a young general of twenty or so, with a face as white as if powdered and lips as red as if painted with cinnabar, shouting, 'Do you know General Deng?' He fought Jiang Wei for thirty or forty bouts without either gaining the upper hand; he threw himself forward to let pass an arrow that Jiang Wei, feigning flight, shot at him in secret, and then thrust at him with his spear, but when Jiang Wei caught the spear under his arm, he abandoned it and fled back to his own lines. Deng Ai came forward to face the pursuing Jiang Wei, and Jiang Wei, learning that the young general was Deng Ai's son, inwardly marvelled at him. Deng Ai wrote to Sima Wang that he would send his eldest son Deng Zhong to help defend the city. Romance, Ch. 112 §33–37

In Chapter 113, together with Shi Zuan, each leading 10,000 troops, he charged in from the left and right, and attacking from without in concert with the troops who had gone in through a tunnel, took the camp of Wang Han and Jiang Bin. But when Jiang Wei held his camp firmly and had it defended only with bows and crossbows, they could not break in even by daybreak. In Chapter 115, as he set out to relieve Qishan, Deng Ai told Deng Zhong to hold this position and not to go out lightly however much the enemy challenged him to fight, and Deng Zhong went into the city separately. Romance, Ch. 113 §26–28Romance, Ch. 115 §15–16

In Chapter 117, when Deng Ai was enraged to hear that Zhong Hui, in punishing Zhuge Xu, had said, 'Even if it were Deng Ai, if he were guilty he should be beheaded,' Deng Zhong restrained him, saying, 'Failure to bear small things brings confusion to great plans,' and that if his father fell out with Zhong Hui, it would ruin the great affairs of the state. When Deng Ai aimed for Chengdu by the byway of Yinping, Deng Zhong went ahead leading 5,000 picked troops, who wore no armor and carried axes and chisels, cutting into the mountains to make a road and building bridges and plank roads. When at Motianling he wept together with the strong men, saying that the west side was all sheer cliffs that could not be cut, Deng Ai wrapped himself in a felt blanket and was the first to roll down, and Deng Zhong too crossed the ridge with the remaining 2,000 troops. Romance, Ch. 117 §4–5 · 12 · 14–16

Shi Zuan and Deng Zhong, who had gone ahead to Mianzhu, saw in the Shu ranks a four-wheeled carriage flying the banner of 'Chancellor of Han, Marquis Wu Zhuge', and, crying that Kongming was still alive after all, fled and suffered a heavy defeat. Deng Ai was about to behead the two but relented at the urging of many, and the figure on the carriage turned out to be a wooden image of Zhuge Liang. Leading 10,000 troops they fought again, but were driven back by Zhuge Shang and badly defeated by Zhuge Zhan's army, and both came back wounded. Romance, Ch. 117 §31–37

In Chapter 119, when Wei Guan burst in saying, 'By imperial edict I arrest Deng Ai and his son,' Deng Zhong came out to ask what was happening, was seized and bound in a cart. After Zhong Hui's death, Deng Ai and his son were released from the prisoner's cart and were about to return to Chengdu when Tian Xu, sent by Wei Guan, caught up with them at Mianzhu. Deng Ai was cut down by a single stroke of Tian Xu's blade, and Deng Zhong also died amid the confused fighting. Romance, Ch. 119 §3 · 19

Where the Romance differs

Enfeoffment as a village marquis: In Chapter 111 of the Romance, after the battle of Duangu, Sima Zhao enfeoffed Deng Zhong as a village marquis on Chen Tai's memorial. In the Records, the edict of the 1st year of Ganlu (256) raised Deng Ai's enfeoffment to Marquis of Deng and split off 500 households of his fief to enfeoff Deng Zhong as a village marquis. Romance, Ch. 111 §23Records, Wei 28 §65–66

The duel with Jiang Wei: In Chapter 112 of the Romance, Deng Zhong, a young general of twenty or so, fought dozens of bouts with Jiang Wei. The Biography of Deng Ai in the Records says only that in the 2nd year of Ganlu Deng Ai held off Jiang Wei at Changcheng and made him withdraw; Deng Zhong does not appear, and his age is not recorded. Romance, Ch. 112 §33–36Records, Wei 28 §66

The Yinping road: In Chapter 117 of the Romance, Deng Zhong went ahead leading 5,000 picked troops to open the road, and wept with the strong men at Motianling. The Records state only that Deng Ai's army passed through more than seven hundred li of uninhabited land, cutting into the mountains to open a road and building bridges and plank roads; there is nothing about Deng Zhong opening the road. Romance, Ch. 117 §12 · 14Records, Wei 28 §71

The first battle at Mianzhu: In Chapter 117 of the Romance, Shi Zuan and Deng Zhong fled in alarm at the sight of the wooden image of Zhuge Liang. The Records say only that Deng Zhong and Shi Zuan, faring badly in the fight, fell back and said the enemy could not be attacked; the image does not appear. Romance, Ch. 117 §33–35Records, Wei 28 §72

The second battle at Mianzhu: In Chapter 117 of the Romance, Shi Zuan and Deng Zhong fought again but were driven back by Zhuge Shang and came back wounded, and Zhuge Zhan later, facing Deng Ai's army, was struck by an arrow and cut his own throat. In the Records, Deng Zhong and Shi Zuan fought again, crushed the enemy and beheaded Zhuge Zhan, the Master of Writing Zhang Zun and others. Romance, Ch. 117 §36–37 · 44Records, Wei 28 §72

Restraining Deng Ai: In Chapter 117 of the Romance, Deng Zhong restrained Deng Ai, who was angry with Zhong Hui. This episode is not in the Biography of Deng Ai in the Records, where Deng Ai rebuked Deng Zhong and Shi Zuan and was about to behead them when they fell back in the battle of Mianzhu. Romance, Ch. 117 §5Records, Wei 28 §72

Death and family: In Chapter 119 of the Romance, Tian Xu beheaded Deng Ai at Mianzhu and Deng Zhong also died amid the confused fighting. In the Records too, Deng Zhong died with Deng Ai when Deng Ai was beheaded west of Mianzhu, but the Records go on to say that Deng Ai's other sons in Luoyang were all executed and his wife, children and grandsons were banished to the Western Regions. These measures do not appear in the Romance. Romance, Ch. 119 §19Records, Wei 28 §81

Written by 3KDEX (not yet reviewed) — The tags at the end of each paragraph link to the exact passage in the Records volume or Romance chapter it is based on.

Abilities

The Records score (Chen Shou’s Records of the Three Kingdoms, main text) is the baseline. Each ability compares how the Romance redrew the same person, and the evidence from both sources explains the difference.

LEASTRINTPOLCHAVIRADPSCHDIPDIS
Records (solid) vs Romance (dashed)
  • LEA5555±0
  • STR4580+35
  • INT3838±0
  • POL3533−2
  • CHA3840+2
  • VIR4562+17
  • ADP4058+18
  • SCH3331−2
  • DIP3345+12
  • DIS3333±0
Records · Romance scores and difference (Romance − Records · left = lowered by the Romance · right = raised)

Abilities shaped by the Romance — where it differs from the Records Differences of 10 or more

StrengthR45UnverifiedN80 +35

RNo direct record — estimated from his galloping back to fight againWei 28 §72

NFought Jiang Wei for thirty or forty bouts without a decision; his spearwork was said to have no gapsCh. 112 §34

AdaptabilityR40UnverifiedN58 +18

RNo direct record — estimated from his following Deng Ai on campaignWei 28 §72Wei 28 §81

NPrevented a rift with Zhong Hui, saying that failure to bear small things ruins great plansCh. 117 §5

VirtueR45UnverifiedN62 +17

RNo direct record — estimated from his being imprisoned and dying together with his fatherWei 28 §81

NRestrained his father for the sake of the state's great affairs, and led the way in cutting a road through the mountainsCh. 117 §5Ch. 117 §12

DiplomacyR33UnverifiedN45 +12

RNo direct record — estimated from his career as a commanderWei 28 §72

NPersuaded the enraged Deng Ai to restrain himselfCh. 117 §5

6 similar abilities — show evidence
  • LeadershipR55N55 ±0

    RLed the right wing at Mianzhu; at first had the worst of it, but fought again and routed the enemyWei 28 §72

    NWon with the ambush at Duangu and the raid on the camp, but was defeated twice by Zhuge Zhan at MianzhuCh. 111 §19Ch. 113 §27Ch. 117 §34

  • IntelligenceR38N38 ±0

    RWithdrew saying the enemy could not be attacked, then fought again after Deng Ai's rebuke and wonWei 28 §72

    NFled without fighting at the sight of a wooden image of KongmingCh. 117 §34

  • PoliticsR35UnverifiedN33Unverified −2

    RNo direct record — estimated from his having been enfeoffed as a Marquis of a VillageWei 28 §66

    NNo direct record — estimated from his career as a warrior who helped defend a cityCh. 112 §37

  • CharismaR38UnverifiedN40Unverified +2

    RNo direct record — estimated from his career as a commanderWei 28 §72

    NNo direct record — estimated from his career as a warriorCh. 117 §10

  • ScholarshipR33UnverifiedN31Unverified −2

    RNo direct record — estimated from his career as a commanderWei 28 §66

    NNo direct record — estimated from his career as a warriorCh. 117 §5

  • DiscernmentR33UnverifiedN33Unverified ±0

    RNo direct record — estimated from his career as a commanderWei 28 §72

    NNo direct record — estimated from his career as a warriorCh. 117 §5

Records Romance Unverified No direct record; scored from their actions (evidence grade C)

3KDEX scoring — the Records use the main text of Chen Shou’s Records of the Three Kingdoms; the Romance uses the 120-chapter Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Click a source tag to open that passage in the reader.

Romance chapters (6)

AppearsNot present Chapter list →

Allegiance history

  1. Wei · Romance · Romance ch. 113 「邓艾唤子邓忠,与师纂各引一万兵,为左右冲击」 · Q124652633

Family

ParentsDeng Ai Romance

Based on Wikidata items for the historical and Romance figures. Relations without the Unverified badge were also confirmed in the Records.

Related events (6)

Includes automatic matching from Wikipedia infoboxes and source keywords (unverified).