Liu Zan 留贊

In the 10th month of the 1st year of Jianxing (252), Zhuge Ke gathered a host at Dongxing and rebuilt the great dike, and built two forts against the hills to its left and right, leaving a thousand men in each and having Quan Duan and Liu Lüe guard them. Wei had its senior generals Hu Zun, Zhuge Dan and others lead a host of 70,000 to surround the two strongholds and break the dike. Zhuge Ke raised 40,000 troops and hastened day and night to the rescue, sending the generals Liu Zan, Lü Ju, Tang Zi and Ding Feng ahead as the vanguard. Records, Wu 19 §28–29

At the time it was cold and snowing, and the Wei generals, gathered to drink, saw that Liu Zan and the others had few troops, who had taken off their armor and carried no spears or halberds but only helmets, swords and shields, and were climbing the dike bare-bodied; they laughed heartily and did not put their troops in readiness. As soon as the soldiers were up, they beat their drums, raised a shout and hacked about wildly. The Wei army scattered in alarm and rushed to cross the pontoon bridge, and when the bridge broke they threw themselves into the water and trampled one another; Huan Jia, Administrator of Le'an, and others died with them, and the dead numbered in the tens of thousands. Han Zong, a general who had earlier defected, had become Commander of the Front Army of Wei, and he too was beheaded. The Biography of Zhuge Ke dates this battle to the 12th month (early 253 CE). Records, Wu 19 §29–31

The Biography of Ding Feng records this battle from Ding Feng's side. When Zhuge Ke went ashore, Ding Feng advanced up along the west of the hills together with the generals Tang Zi, Lü Ju, Liu Zan and others. Saying that the armies were marching too slowly, Ding Feng had them make way below the road, pressed straight ahead with the 3,000 men under his command, took Xutang, and crushed the enemy's forward camp. Just then Lü Ju and the others arrived, and the Wei army at last collapsed. Records, Wu 10 §99–101

In the spring, in the 1st month of the 2nd year of Wufeng (255), Guanqiu Jian, General Who Guards the East, and Wen Qin, General of the Front, of Wei led the host of Huainan westward and fought at Lejia. On the day renchen of the intercalary month, Sun Jun, together with Lü Ju, General of Agile Cavalry, and Liu Zan, General of the Left, led troops out to take Shouchun by surprise, and on reaching Dongxing heard that Wen Qin and the others had been defeated. On the day renyin they advanced to Tuogao, where Wen Qin came to Sun Jun and surrendered, and tens of thousands of the remaining people of Huainan fled over to them. When Zhuge Dan of Wei entered Shouchun, Sun Jun led his army back. Records, Wu 3 §9Records, Wu 19 §75

In the 2nd month they encountered the Wei general Cao Zhen (曹珍) at Gaoting and fought, and Cao Zhen was badly defeated. But Liu Zan was defeated at Gupi by Jiang Ban, a detached general of Zhuge Dan, and Liu Zan and the generals Sun Leng, Jiang Xiu (蔣脩) and others were all killed. Records, Wu 3 §10

The Wei records tell of the same events. According to the Biography of Zhuge Dan, the Wu senior generals Sun Jun, Lü Ju, Liu Zan and others, hearing of the disorder in Huainan, brought Wen Qin with them and came straight to Shouchun, but since Zhuge Dan's armies had already arrived and the city could not be attacked, they fled. Zhuge Dan sent the general Jiang Ban in pursuit, who beheaded Liu Zan; Zhuge Dan sent the head to the capital and took Liu Zan's seal and tally, and for this merit he was advanced to Marquis of Gaoping. The Annals of the Three Young Emperors record that on the day jiazi of the 2nd month of that year, Sun Jun and the others, claiming a host of 100,000, reached Shouchun, but Zhuge Dan routed them, beheaded Liu Zan, General of the Left of Wu, and presented the victory at the capital. Records, Wei 28 §33Records, Wei 4 §54–56

The assessment of Records of Wu 19, in which Liu Zan appears, discusses only Zhuge Ke, Teng Yin, Sun Jun, Sun Chen and Puyang Xing, and does not mention Liu Zan. Records, Wu 19 §108