Han Zong 韓綜

RecordsRomance Wei 한종韩综

Profile
OccupationRGeneral · Commander of the Front ArmyFactionWei
AppearsRNBiography in
BornR? N? UnverifiedNative placeLiaoxi Commandery Lingzhi County Unverified
DiedR253 N(same) UnverifiedPlace of deathRNDongxing
Cause of deathRKilled in battle NKilled in battle Unverified
ExistenceHistoricalMentionsR6

Profile

Han Zong was the son of the Wu general Han Dang. When his father died of illness he inherited the marquisate and command of the troops, but he was dissolute and lawless, and in fear he loaded his father's coffin and fled to Wei with several thousand members of his household and personal troops. In Wei he became a general and was enfeoffed as Marquis of Guangyang, and he raided the Wu border repeatedly; in the 12th month of the 1st year of Jianxing of Wu (early 253) he led the Wei vanguard at the battle of Dongxing and was defeated and killed. Records, Wu 10 §18–19Records, Wu 3 §5

He has no biography of his own in the Records; his story is given at the end of the record of Han Dang in Records of Wu 10, and his name also appears in the Biography of the Lord of Wu, the Biographies of the Three Successor Rulers, the Biography of Zhuge Ke, and the account of Cao Xiu in Records of Wei 9. The assessment in Records of Wu 10 calls the generals tiger-like servants of Jiangbiao but does not mention Han Zong separately. In the Romance he appears only in Chapter 108, that is, in 1 of the 120 chapters, and no chapter has his name in its title. The Romance portrays him as a Wei general who dies by Ding Feng's sword at Dongxing. Records, Wu 10 §19 · 109Records, Wu 2 §59Records, Wu 19 §30Records, Wei 9 §58Romance, Ch. 108 §16

In the Records

In the 2nd year of Huangwu (223) Han Dang was enfeoffed as Marquis of Shicheng, promoted to General of Illustrious Martial Might with the concurrent post of Administrator of Guanjun, and later the title of Area Commander (dudu) was added. Leading 10,000 Dare-to-Die and Jiefan troops, he attacked and defeated the bandits of Danyang, and just then died of illness. His son Han Zong inherited the marquisate and command of the troops. Records, Wu 10 §18

That year, when Sun Quan went to attack Shiyang, Han Zong was in mourning, so Sun Quan had him guard Wuchang. The Biography of the Lord of Wu records Sun Quan's attack on Jiangxia and siege of Shiyang, after hearing of the death of Emperor Wen of Wei, under the 7th month of autumn in the 5th year of Huangwu (226). But Han Zong was dissolute and lawless. Sun Quan did not call him to account for his father's sake, but Han Zong was inwardly afraid, and he loaded his father's coffin and fled to Wei with his mother, his household, and several thousand men and women of his personal troops. Records, Wu 10 §19Records, Wu 2 §54

The Biography of the Lord of Wu, after the entry for the first month of spring in the 6th year of Huangwu (227), records in the intercalary month that 'Han Dang's son Han Zong surrendered to Wei with his following.' The account of Cao Xiu in the Records of Wei says that after Emperor Ming took the throne, Cao Xiu attacked the Wu general Shen De, who was stationed at Wan, and beheaded him, and the Wu generals Han Zong, Zhai Dan and others one after another came over to Cao Xiu with their followings and surrendered. Records, Wu 2 §59Records, Wei 9 §58

Wei made Han Zong a general and enfeoffed him as Marquis of Guangyang. Because Han Zong repeatedly raided the border and killed and harmed the people, Sun Quan always gnashed his teeth over him. Records, Wu 10 §19

After Sun Quan's death, in the 10th month of the 1st year of Jianxing (252), Zhuge Ke gathered his forces at Dongxing, rebuilt the great dike, and built two forts on either side, which he had Quan Duan and Liu Lüe hold. Wei had its great generals Hu Zun, Zhuge Dan and others lead 70,000 men to attack the two strongholds, and Zhuge Ke went to the rescue with 40,000 troops, sending Liu Zan, Lü Ju, Tang Zi and Ding Feng ahead as the vanguard. It was cold and snowing, and the Wei generals, gathered drinking, saw that the Wu soldiers were few and were climbing the dike bare-bodied with their armor taken off; they laughed loudly and did not put their troops in order. Records, Wu 3 §3–4Records, Wu 19 §28–29

When the Wu soldiers got up, they beat their drums, shouted and cut wildly, and the Wei army scattered and crowded onto the floating bridge; when the bridge collapsed, they fell into the water and trampled one another. Huan Jia, Administrator of Le'an, and others died together, and the dead numbered tens of thousands. The Biography of Zhuge Ke records that 'the former rebel general Han Zong had become Commander of the Front Army of Wei, and he too was beheaded.' The record of Han Dang says that in the battle of Dongxing Han Zong led the vanguard and died when the army was defeated, and Zhuge Ke cut off his head and sent it to be presented at Sun Quan's shrine. Records, Wu 19 §30Records, Wu 10 §19

The Biographies of the Three Successor Rulers record this battle as taking place on the day wuwu in the 12th month of the 1st year of Jianxing, saying that Wu routed the Wei army at Dongxing and killed the generals Han Zong, Huan Jia and others. That year was the 4th year of Jiaping of Wei, and since it was the 12th lunar month, it corresponds to early 253. Chen Shou's main text does not record Han Zong's courtesy name or the year of his birth. Records, Wu 3 §3–5

In the Romance

In Chapter 108 of the Romance, when Sun Quan dies, Sima Shi resolves to attack Wu, gives Wang Chang, Hu Zun and Guanqiu Jian 100,000 troops each to advance along three routes against Nanjun, Dongxing and Wuchang, and makes Sima Zhao Grand Commander. In the 12th month of winter that year, Sima Zhao makes Hu Zun the vanguard and has him lay a floating bridge and seize the great dike at Dongxing. Romance, Ch. 108 §7–10

Hu Zun crosses the floating bridge, sets his troops on the dike, and sends Huan Jia and Han Zong to attack the two forts. The left fort is held by Quan Duan and the right by Liu Lüe, and as the forts are high and steep they cannot be taken quickly. Hu Zun pitches camp at Xutang and, in the depths of winter with heavy snow falling, holds a banquet with his generals. Romance, Ch. 108 §13

When Ding Feng arrives with 3,000 marines in thirty boats and has his men take off their armor and helmets and carry only short swords, the Wei troops laugh loudly and make no preparations. With a string of cannon shots Ding Feng's men land and cut their way into the Wei camp; Han Zong hastily snatches up the great halberd in front of his tent to meet them, but Ding Feng darts inside his reach and cuts him down with his sword. Huan Jia is then killed by Ding Feng as well, Hu Zun flees, and more than half the Wei army drowns at the broken floating bridge. Romance, Ch. 108 §12 · 14–17

Where the Romance differs

Origins: Chapter 108 of the Romance portrays Han Zong only as a Wei general and does not say that he was Han Dang's son or that he had gone over from Wu to Wei. In the Records, Han Zong succeeded the Wu general Han Dang and then fled to Wei with his father's coffin. Romance, Ch. 108 §13 · 16Records, Wu 10 §18–19

His deeds in Wei: The Romance does not say what Han Zong did in Wei. In the Records, Wei made him a general and Marquis of Guangyang, and because he repeatedly raided the Wu border and killed the people, Sun Quan always gnashed his teeth over him. Romance, Ch. 108 §13–16Records, Wu 10 §19

His role in the battle: In Chapter 108 of the Romance, Hu Zun sends Huan Jia and Han Zong to attack the two forts. In the Records, Han Zong was Commander of the Front Army of Wei and the vanguard at the battle of Dongxing, and the names of the generals who attacked the two forts are not recorded. Romance, Ch. 108 §13Records, Wu 19 §29–30Records, Wu 10 §19

Who killed him: In Chapter 108 of the Romance, Ding Feng storms the Wei camp and cuts Han Zong down with his sword. The Biography of Ding Feng in the Records says only that Ding Feng routed the enemy's forward encampment and does not mention Han Zong; the Biographies of the Three Successor Rulers record that the Wu army killed the generals Han Zong, Huan Jia and others, and the Biography of Zhuge Ke records that the former rebel general Han Zong was also beheaded. Romance, Ch. 108 §16Records, Wu 10 §101Records, Wu 3 §5Records, Wu 19 §30

After his death: The Romance says nothing of what happened after Han Zong's death. In the record of Han Dang in the Records, Zhuge Ke cut off Han Zong's head and sent it to be presented at Sun Quan's shrine. Romance, Ch. 108 §16–17Records, Wu 10 §19

Written by 3KDEX (not yet reviewed) — The tags at the end of each paragraph link to the exact passage in the Records volume or Romance chapter it is based on.

Abilities

The Records score (Chen Shou’s Records of the Three Kingdoms, main text) is the baseline. Each ability compares how the Romance redrew the same person, and the evidence from both sources explains the difference.

LEASTRINTPOLCHAVIRADPSCHDIPDIS
Records (solid) vs Romance (dashed)
  • LEA5045−5
  • STR4840−8
  • INT3835−3
  • POL3342+9
  • CHA4240−2
  • VIR845+37
  • ADP4042+2
  • SCH3131±0
  • DIP3542+7
  • DIS3333±0
Records · Romance scores and difference (Romance − Records · left = lowered by the Romance · right = raised)

Abilities shaped by the Romance — where it differs from the Records Differences of 10 or more

VirtueR8N45Unverified +37

RDissolute and lawless, he fled to Wei and killed and harmed the peopleWu 10 §19Wu 19 §30

NNo direct record — estimated from his being a Wei general under Hu ZunCh. 108 §13

9 similar abilities — show evidence
  • LeadershipR50N45 −5

    RTook several thousand personal troops over to Wei, became a general, and led the vanguard at DongxingWu 10 §19Wu 2 §59

    NAttacked the two forts with Huan Jia but could not take themCh. 108 §13

  • StrengthR48N40 −8

    RLed the vanguard at the battle of Dongxing and died when the army was defeatedWu 10 §19Wu 19 §30

    NMet the attack with a great halberd but was cut down by Ding FengCh. 108 §16

  • IntelligenceR38UnverifiedN35Unverified −3

    RNo direct record — estimated from his being a general who repeatedly raided the borderWu 10 §19

    NNo direct record — estimated from his being a general caught by surprise during a feast in the snowCh. 108 §16

  • PoliticsR33UnverifiedN42Unverified +9

    RNo direct record — estimated from his lawlessness while guarding WuchangWu 10 §19

    NNo direct record — estimated from his being a Wei general under Hu ZunCh. 108 §13

  • CharismaR42UnverifiedN40Unverified −2

    RNo direct record — estimated from several thousand personal troops following himWu 10 §19

    NNo direct record — estimated from his being a Wei general under Hu ZunCh. 108 §13

  • AdaptabilityR40N42Unverified +2

    RFearing punishment, he fled to Wei and became Marquis of GuangyangWu 10 §19

    NNo direct record — estimated from his being a Wei general under Hu ZunCh. 108 §13

  • ScholarshipR31UnverifiedN31Unverified ±0

    RNo direct record — estimated from his being a military manWu 10 §19

    NNo direct record — estimated from his being a military manCh. 108 §13

  • DiplomacyR35UnverifiedN42Unverified +7

    RNo direct record — estimated from his being a military manWu 10 §19

    NNo direct record — estimated from his being a Wei general under Hu ZunCh. 108 §13

  • DiscernmentR33UnverifiedN33Unverified ±0

    RNo direct record — estimated from his being a military manWu 10 §19

    NNo direct record — estimated from his being a military manCh. 108 §13

Records Romance Unverified No direct record; scored from their actions (evidence grade C)

3KDEX scoring — the Records use the main text of Chen Shou’s Records of the Three Kingdoms; the Romance uses the 120-chapter Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Click a source tag to open that passage in the reader.

Romance chapters (1)

AppearsNot present Chapter list →

Allegiance history

  1. Wei · Romance · Romance ch. 108 「差桓嘉、韩综攻打二城」 · Q124628664

Family

ParentsHan Dang Records

Based on Wikidata items for the historical and Romance figures. Relations without the Unverified badge were also confirmed in the Records.

Related events (1)

Includes automatic matching from Wikipedia infoboxes and source keywords (unverified).