RNo direct record — estimated from his role as a member of the Quan clan, Wu's consort familyWu 5 §29
NShot a letter into the city and brought his father and uncle to surrenderCh. 112 §9Ch. 112 §10
Quan Yi 全禕
| Occupation | ROfficial · Commandery Administrator NGeneral · Lieutenant General | Faction | Wu |
|---|---|---|---|
| Appears | RN | Biography in | |
| Born | Native place | Wu Commandery Qiantang County Unverified | |
| Existence | Historical | Mentions | R4 |
Profile
Quan Yi (全禕) was a member of the family of the Wu grand general Quan Cong, the son of Quan Xu (全緒), elder brother of Quan Cong's son and successor Quan Yi (全懌). He has no separate biography in the Records; his name appears in the Biographies of the Three Successor Rulers (Records of Wu 3), the Biographies of Consorts (Records of Wu 5) and the Biography of Quan Cong (Records of Wu 15). While Zhuge Dan of Wei was coming over to Wu with Shouchun and Quan Yi (全懌) had gone to Shouchun to rescue him, in the 11th month of the 2nd year of Taiping (257) he fled to Wei with his mother, together with Quan Yi (全儀). The Biography of Quan Cong records that he surrendered to Wei and served as a commandery administrator and became a marquis. Records, Wu 3 §15 · 17Records, Wu 5 §29Records, Wu 15 §30
The Biography of Zhong Hui in Records of Wei 28 records the same event as that of Quan Hui (全輝) and Quan Yi (全儀), sons of Quan Yi (全懌)'s elder brother, and says that Zhong Hui wrote a letter in the two men's names and thereby brought Quan Yi (全懌) and the others inside the city of Shouchun to surrender. Of the Romance's 120 chapters he appears only in Chapter 112, and no chapter has his name in its title. The Romance portrays him as the son of Quan Duan; after surrendering to Sima Zhao and being made a Lieutenant General, he writes a letter to his father Quan Duan and his uncle Quan Yi (全懌), shoots it into the city and brings them to surrender. Records, Wei 28 §99–100Romance, Ch. 112 §8–10
In the Records
According to the Biography of Quan Cong, Quan Cong, courtesy name Zihuang, was a man of Qiantang County in Wu Commandery, and under Sun Quan he rose to Grand Marshal of the Right and Left Military Adviser. As Quan Cong was trusted and given heavy responsibility, the young men of his clan all received favor and high rank. Quan Cong died in the 12th year of Chiwu (249), and his son Quan Yi (全懌) succeeded him. Quan Yi (全禕) was the son of Quan Yi (全懌)'s elder brother, and the record of Sun Liang in the Biographies of the Three Successor Rulers names him as the son of Quan Xu (全緒). Records, Wu 15 §21 · 28 · 30Records, Wu 3 §17
According to the Biographies of Consorts, after Quan Shang's daughter became Sun Liang's empress, five members of the Quan family were enfeoffed as marquises, and all commanded troops and horses. The rest became Attendant Gentlemen and Cavalry Commandants and served as guards at the emperor's side, so that since the rise of Wu no consort family had ever matched them in rank and prosperity. Records, Wu 5 §28–29
When Zhuge Dan of Wei rebelled at Shouchun and asked to surrender to Wu, Wu sent Wen Qin, Tang Zi, Quan Duan, Quan Yi (全懌) and others with 30,000 men to rescue him. According to the Biography of Zhong Hui, Quan Cong was a relative of Sun Quan by marriage and a senior minister, and Quan Cong's son Quan Yi (全懌), his grandson Quan Jing and his nephews Quan Duan, Quan Pian, Quan Ji (全緝) and others all went leading troops to rescue Zhuge Dan. Records, Wu 19 §84Records, Wei 28 §99
The record of Sun Liang in the Biographies of the Three Successor Rulers states that in the 11th month of the 2nd year of Taiping (257) Quan Xu's sons Quan Yi (全禕) and Quan Yi (全儀) fled to Wei with their mother, and that in the 12th month Quan Duan, Quan Yi (全懌) and others went from the city of Shouchun to Sima Wenwang (Sima Zhao). The Biography of Zhong Hui records this as Quan Hui (全輝) and Quan Yi (全儀), sons of Quan Yi (全懌)'s elder brother, who had remained at Jianye and, when a quarrel and lawsuit broke out within their family, took their mother, crossed the river at the head of several dozen households of their retainers and went over to Wenwang of their own accord. Records, Wu 3 §15 · 17Records, Wei 28 §99
Zhong Hui devised a plan: he secretly wrote a letter on behalf of Quan Hui and Quan Yi (全儀) and had people the two trusted carry it into the city to inform Quan Yi (全懌) and the others. The letter said that the Wu court, angered that Quan Yi (全懌) and the others had failed to break the siege of Shouchun, meant to kill the families of all the generals, and that they had therefore fled and come over to entrust their lives. Quan Yi (全懌) and the others, frightened, led their troops out through the east gate of the city and surrendered, and all received titles and favor, and because of this the city fell into discord and disunity. Records, Wei 28 §99–100
The Biographies of Consorts record that when Zhuge Dan came over with Shouchun, Quan Yi (全懌), Quan Duan, Quan Yi (全禕), Quan Yi (全儀) and others all took the opportunity to surrender to Wei, and that Quan Xi was killed when his plot leaked, so that the Quan clan declined. The Biography of Quan Cong records that the sons of Quan Yi (全懌)'s elder brother, Quan Yi (全禕), Quan Yi (全儀), Quan Jing and others, also surrendered to Wei and all served as commandery administrators and became marquises. Chen Shou's main text does not record of which commandery he became administrator or when he died. Records, Wu 5 §29Records, Wu 15 §30
In the Romance
In Chapter 112 of the Romance, the Wu army that has come to rescue Zhuge Dan at Shouchun is encamped at Anfeng, and Sun Chen rebukes Zhu Yi, asking whether he cannot relieve even the single city of Shouchun and threatening to behead him if he fails to win again. When Yu Quan proposes entering the city through the south gate so as to attack from inside and outside together, Quan Yi (全懌), Quan Duan, Wen Qin and others all wish to enter the city as well, and together with Yu Quan they lead 10,000 troops in through the south gate. Romance, Ch. 112 §4–6
When Zhu Yi, attacked from behind by Wang Ji and Chen Qian, returns badly defeated, Sun Chen, asking what use a general who has lost again and again could be, has him beheaded. He then rebukes Quan Duan's son Quan Yi (全禕), telling him that unless he drives off the Wei army, father and son need not think of seeing him again, and goes back to Jianye himself. Romance, Ch. 112 §7–8
When Sima Zhao, following Zhong Hui's advice, presses his troops to surround the city, Quan Yi (全禕) sets out with his troops to enter Shouchun, but seeing the great strength of the Wei army and judging that he can neither advance nor retreat, he surrenders to Sima Zhao. Sima Zhao makes him a Lieutenant General. Moved by Sima Zhao's kindness, Quan Yi (全禕) writes a family letter to his father Quan Duan and his uncle Quan Yi (全懌), saying that Sun Chen is unjust and that it would be better to surrender to Wei, and shoots it into the city. Romance, Ch. 112 §9
On receiving the letter, Quan Yi (全懌), together with Quan Duan, opens the city gate and comes out to surrender leading several thousand men, and Zhuge Dan grows anxious and troubled inside the city. His advisers Jiang Ban and Jiao Yi propose going out to fight, are rebuked by Zhuge Dan, and that night climb over the wall and surrender to Wei, after which no one in the city dares speak of fighting. The Romance records nothing further of Quan Yi (全禕) after this. Romance, Ch. 112 §10–11
Where the Romance differs
His father: In Chapter 112 of the Romance, Quan Yi (全禕) is the son of Quan Duan, and Quan Yi (全懌) is his uncle. In the Records, the record of Sun Liang in the Biographies of the Three Successor Rulers makes him the son of Quan Xu (全緒), and the Biography of Quan Cong makes him the son of Quan Yi (全懌)'s elder brother. In the Biography of Zhong Hui, Quan Duan is Quan Cong's nephew. Romance, Ch. 112 §8–9Records, Wu 3 §17Records, Wu 15 §30Records, Wei 28 §99
How he surrendered: In Chapter 112 of the Romance, after being rebuked by Sun Chen, he sets out with his troops to enter Shouchun but, seeing the strength of the Wei army, surrenders to Sima Zhao. In the Records' Biography of Zhong Hui, Quan Hui (全輝) and Quan Yi (全儀), who had remained at Jianye, took their mother because of a quarrel and lawsuit within their family, crossed the river at the head of several dozen households of their retainers and went over to Wenwang, and the Biographies of the Three Successor Rulers likewise record that Quan Xu's two sons fled to Wei with their mother. Romance, Ch. 112 §9Records, Wei 28 §99Records, Wu 3 §17
The letter: In Chapter 112 of the Romance, Quan Yi (全禕), moved by Sima Zhao's kindness, writes a family letter himself and shoots it into the city, and the letter says that Sun Chen is unjust. In the Records' Biography of Zhong Hui, Zhong Hui devised a plan and secretly wrote the letter on behalf of the two men, and had people the two trusted carry it into the city. That letter said that the Wu court, angered that Quan Yi (全懌) and the others had failed to break the siege, meant to kill the families of all the generals. Romance, Ch. 112 §9Records, Wei 28 §99
Sun Chen's rebuke: In Chapter 112 of the Romance, Sun Chen beheads Zhu Yi, then rebukes Quan Yi (全禕) and returns to Jianye. The Biography of Sun Chen in the Records states only that Sun Chen beheaded Zhu Yi at Huoli and sent his younger brother Sun En to the rescue, and there is no rebuke of Quan Yi (全禕). Romance, Ch. 112 §8Records, Wu 19 §86
Office under Wei: In Chapter 112 of the Romance, Sima Zhao makes Quan Yi (全禕) a Lieutenant General. The Biography of Quan Cong in the Records states that Quan Yi (全禕), Quan Yi (全儀), Quan Jing and others surrendered to Wei and all served as commandery administrators and became marquises. Romance, Ch. 112 §9Records, Wu 15 §30
Written by 3KDEX (not yet reviewed) — The tags at the end of each paragraph link to the exact passage in the Records volume or Romance chapter it is based on.
Abilities
The Records score (Chen Shou’s Records of the Three Kingdoms, main text) is the baseline. Each ability compares how the Romance redrew the same person, and the evidence from both sources explains the difference.
Records total379 / 1000Rank 736 of 996 · Top 74%Romance total397 / 1000Rank 540 of 1,113 · Top 49%
Romance adaptation index+18Romance total − Records total
- LEA4038−2
- STR3838±0
- INT3840+2
- POL3533−2
- CHA3840+2
- VIR3228−4
- ADP5052+2
- SCH3535±0
- DIP3858+20
- DIS3535±0
Abilities shaped by the Romance — where it differs from the Records Differences of 10 or more
9 similar abilities — show evidence
RNo direct record — estimated from his role as a member of the Quan clan, Wu's consort familyWu 5 §29
NSet out with troops to enter Shouchun but, overawed by the enemy's strength, could not get inCh. 112 §9
RNo direct record — estimated from his role as a member of the Quan clan, Wu's consort familyWu 5 §29
NNo direct record — estimated from his role as a Wu commanderCh. 112 §9
RNo direct record — estimated from his role as a member of the Quan clan, Wu's consort familyWu 5 §29
NNo direct record — estimated from his role as a Wu commanderCh. 112 §9
RNo direct record — estimated from his role as a member of the Quan clan, Wu's consort familyWu 5 §29
NNo direct record — estimated from his role as a Wu commanderCh. 112 §9
RNo direct record — estimated from his role as a member of the Quan clan, Wu's consort familyWu 5 §29
NNo direct record — estimated from his role as a Wu commanderCh. 112 §9
RWhen Zhuge Dan came over, took the opportunity to surrender to Wei along with his clanWu 5 §29
NSurrendered when Wei's forces were too strong and he had no way forward or back, and urged his father and uncle to surrender too, saying Sun Chen was not benevolentCh. 112 §9
RWent over to Wei, taking advantage of the Zhuge Dan affairWu 5 §29
NWhen he could neither advance nor retreat, surrendered to Sima Zhao and became a Lieutenant GeneralCh. 112 §9
RNo direct record — estimated from his role as a member of the Quan clan, Wu's consort familyWu 5 §29
NNo direct record — estimated from his role as a Wu commanderCh. 112 §9
RNo direct record — estimated from his role as a member of the Quan clan, Wu's consort familyWu 5 §29
NNo direct record — estimated from his role as a Wu commanderCh. 112 §9
Records Romance Unverified No direct record; scored from their actions (evidence grade C)
3KDEX scoring — the Records use the main text of Chen Shou’s Records of the Three Kingdoms; the Romance uses the 120-chapter Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Click a source tag to open that passage in the reader.
Romance chapters (1)
AppearsNot present Chapter list →
Allegiance history Changed allegiance 1 times
Family
| Parents | Quan Duan Romance |
|---|
Based on Wikidata items for the historical and Romance figures. Relations without the Unverified badge were also confirmed in the Records.