RRecorded as skilled in handling troops, and repeatedly broke Zhu Yi's spearheadWei 28 §92Wei 28 §38Wei 4 §32
NLay in ambush at Shitou and struck Zhuge Dan's army from the right in a pincer attackCh. 112 §1
| Occupation | RGeneral · General Who Subdues Barbarians NGeneral · Inspector of Yan Province | Faction | Wei |
|---|---|---|---|
| Appears | RN | Biography in | Book of Wei |
| Born | R? Unverified | Native place | Nanyang Commandery |
| Died | R261 Unverified | Place of death | |
| Existence | Historical | Mentions | R10 |
Zhou Tai (州泰) was a general of Wei and a native of Nanyang. Chen Shou appended him to the end of the biography of Deng Ai as a man of the same locality and generation as Deng Ai, and wrote that he loved to achieve merit and was skilled in handling troops. He rose to General Who Subdues Barbarians (zhenglu jiangjun), with the Staff of Authority, and Commander of All Military Affairs South of the Yangtze; he died in the 2nd year of Jingyuan (261), was posthumously made General of the Guards, and received the posthumous name Marquis Zhuang. Records, Wei 28 §91–92
As Administrator of Xincheng, in the 1st month of the 3rd year of Jiaping (251) he attacked and defeated Wu together with Wang Ji, Inspector of Jing Province. In the 2nd year of Ganlu (257), when Zhuge Dan rebelled at Shouchun, Zhou Tai, as Inspector of Yan Province, took charge of a mobile force together with the Army Supervisor Shi Bao and repeatedly drove back the Wu general Zhu Yi, who had come to relieve Zhuge Dan. Records, Wei 4 §32Records, Wei 28 §37–38Records, Wu 19 §84–86
The assessment of Records of Wei 28, which contains the biography of Deng Ai, does not discuss him. In the Romance he first appears in Chapter 111 as the Inspector of Yan Province who commands the right army when Sima Zhao advances on Huainan, and he appears in 2 of its 120 chapters; his name is in no chapter title. In Chapter 112 he lies in ambush with Shi Bao and then strikes at Zhuge Dan's troops. Records, Wei 28 §140Romance, Ch. 111 §35Romance, Ch. 112 §1–2
Chen Shou appended Zhou Tai of Nanyang, a man of the same locality and generation as Deng Ai, to the end of the biography of Deng Ai. He too, it is said, loved to achieve merit and was skilled in handling troops. Records, Wei 28 §91–92
In the 2nd year of Jiaping (250) Wang Chang submitted a memorial saying that Sun Quan had banished his worthy ministers and that his legitimate and secondary sons were divided and quarreling, so that Wei could take advantage of the rift to subdue Wu and Shu. Between Baidi and Yiling, he said, Qian, Wu County, Zigui and Fangling all lay north of the Yangtze, and their inhabitants, Chinese and non-Chinese, bordered on Xincheng Commandery, so they could be taken by surprise attack. Accordingly the Administrator of Xincheng, Zhou Tai, was sent to raid Wu County, Zigui and Fangling, while Wang Ji, Inspector of Jing Province, advanced on Yiling and Wang Chang on Jiangling. Records, Wei 27 §40 · 42
Wang Chang defeated the Wu commander-in-chief Shi Ji, beheaded his generals Zhongli Mao and Xu Min, and returned, and the Biography of Wang Chang records that Wang Ji and Zhou Tai also both won merit. The Annals of the Three Young Emperors record that in the 1st month of spring of the 3rd year of Jiaping (251) Wang Ji, Inspector of Jing Province, and Zhou Tai, Administrator of Xincheng, attacked and defeated Wu, taking the surrender of several thousand people, and that in the 2nd month Yiling County was established in Nan Commandery to settle those who had come over. Records, Wei 27 §43–44Records, Wei 4 §32
In the 5th month of the 2nd year of Ganlu (257), when the court summoned Zhuge Dan to be Minister of Works, he rebelled at Shouchun. In the 6th month the imperial carriage set out east on campaign and reached Xiang County, and the General-in-Chief Sima Zhao, leading 260,000 troops of the capital and the provinces, reached the Huai and encamped at Qiutou. Sima Zhao had Wang Ji, the General Who Pacifies the East Chen Qian and others surround the city on all sides, and also had the Army Supervisor Shi Bao, the Inspector of Yan Province Zhou Tai and others select crack troops to form a mobile force to guard against enemies from outside. Records, Wei 28 §35 · 37
Wu sent Wen Qin, Tang Zi, Quan Duan, Quan Yi and others with 30,000 men to relieve Zhuge Dan, and Zhu Yi, leading 30,000 men, encamped at Anfeng as support for Wen Qin. When the Inspector of Yan Province Zhou Tai blocked Zhu Yi at Yangyuan, Zhu Yi was defeated and withdrew, and under Zhou Tai's pursuit he lost 2,000 killed or wounded. Records, Wu 19 §84
Sun Chen encamped at Huoli and again sent Zhu Yi with the generals Ding Feng, Li Fei and others, 50,000 men in all, to attack Wei. Zhu Yi encamped at Lijiang and gathered 6,000 brave men to build a pontoon bridge, cross by night and build a crescent-shaped rampart, but they were defeated by Wei's Army Supervisor Shi Bao and Zhou Tai and fell back. When Zhu Yi again formed a camp of wagons ringed like a box and advanced on Wumu, Shi Bao and Zhou Tai attacked him, and he was defeated and turned back. At this time the Administrator of Taishan, Hu Lie, raided Dulu by a byway and burned all of Zhu Yi's supplies and provisions. Sun Chen beheaded Zhu Yi at Huoli. Records, Wu 19 §85–86
The Biography of Zhuge Dan also records that the Wu general Zhu Yi twice led a great army to meet Zhuge Dan and the others and crossed the Lijiang River, but Zhou Tai and others met him in battle and each time broke his spearhead, and that Sun Chen, angry that Zhu Yi fought without advancing, put him to death. Records, Wei 28 §38
Zhou Tai's offices rose to General Who Subdues Barbarians, with the Staff of Authority, and Commander of All Military Affairs South of the Yangtze. When he died in the 2nd year of Jingyuan (261) he was posthumously made General of the Guards, and his posthumous name was Marquis Zhuang. The assessment of Records of Wei 28, which contains the biography of Deng Ai, discusses only Wang Ling, Guanqiu Jian, Zhuge Dan, Zhong Hui and Deng Ai and does not mention Zhou Tai. Records, Wei 28 §92 · 140
In Chapter 111 of the Romance, when Zhuge Dan raises troops, Sima Zhao has Cao Mao, the ruler of Wei, set out in person and calls up all 260,000 troops of the two capitals. He makes the General Who Guards the South Wang Ji vanguard commander, the General Who Pacifies the East Chen Qian deputy vanguard commander, the Army Supervisor Shi Bao commander of the left army, and the Inspector of Yan Province Zhou Tai commander of the right army, and they sweep toward Huainan guarding the imperial carriage. Romance, Ch. 111 §35
In Chapter 112, Sima Zhao follows Zhong Hui's advice that the Wu troops are helping Zhuge Dan for gain, so they can be beaten by luring them with gain. He first has Shi Bao and Zhou Tai lead two columns to lie in ambush at Shitou, places the crack troops of Wang Ji and Chen Qian behind, sends the subordinate general Cheng Cui to lure out the enemy, and has Chen Jun gather oxen, horses, donkeys, mules and goods for rewarding the troops on all sides of the camp. Romance, Ch. 112 §1
Zhuge Dan places the Wu general Zhu Yi on his left and Wen Qin on his right and advances straight ahead; when the southern troops, scrambling to seize the livestock that fills the fields, have no mind to fight, a cannon sounds and Shi Bao charges in from the left and Zhou Tai from the right. Then the crack troops of Wang Ji and Chen Qian fall upon them, and Zhuge Dan, badly defeated, flees to Shouchun and shuts the city gates. These two chapters are the only ones in the Romance in which Zhou Tai (州泰) appears. Romance, Ch. 112 §2–3
His post: In Chapter 111 of the Romance, Shi Bao commands the left army and Zhou Tai the right army, guarding the imperial carriage. In the Records, Sima Zhao had the Army Supervisor Shi Bao, the Inspector of Yan Province Zhou Tai and others select crack troops to form a mobile force to guard against enemies from outside. Romance, Ch. 111 §35Records, Wei 28 §37
His opponent: In Chapter 112 of the Romance, Zhou Tai lies in ambush with Shi Bao and strikes at Zhuge Dan's troops, who have come out of the city for a decisive battle. In the Records, outside Shouchun he blocked the Wu general Zhu Yi, who was coming to the relief, at Yangyuan, and together with Shi Bao repeatedly defeated him at Lijiang and Wumu. Romance, Ch. 112 §1–2Records, Wu 19 §84–86
The livestock bait: In Chapter 112 of the Romance, following Zhong Hui's advice, oxen, horses and the like are scattered around the camp to lure out the Wu troops, after which Zhou Tai emerges from ambush. In the Biography of Zhuge Dan in the Records, Sima Zhao rejected the proposals for a hasty assault and simply dug deep trenches and built high ramparts, and Zhuge Dan was reduced to straits on his own, so that victory came without an assault. Using livestock as bait does not appear. Romance, Ch. 112 §1–2Records, Wei 28 §43–44
Earlier achievements: The Romance does not mention Zhou Tai, as Administrator of Xincheng, raiding Wu County, Zigui and Fangling or defeating Wu. In the Records he set out following Wang Chang's memorial of the 2nd year of Jiaping (250) and won merit, and in the 1st month of the 3rd year of Jiaping (251) he defeated Wu together with Wang Ji, taking the surrender of several thousand people. Romance, Ch. 111 §35Records, Wei 27 §42 · 44Records, Wei 4 §32
Relation to Deng Ai: The Records append Zhou Tai to the end of the biography of Deng Ai as a man of the same locality and generation as Deng Ai. The Romance neither records his origins nor connects him with Deng Ai. Records, Wei 28 §92Romance, Ch. 111 §35
Afterward: In the Romance, Zhou Tai does not appear after Chapter 112, and his death is not recorded. The Records state that he rose to General Who Subdues Barbarians and Commander of All Military Affairs South of the Yangtze, died in the 2nd year of Jingyuan (261), and was posthumously made General of the Guards. Romance, Ch. 112 §2Records, Wei 28 §92
Written by 3KDEX (not yet reviewed) — The tags at the end of each paragraph link to the exact passage in the Records volume or Romance chapter it is based on.
The Records score (Chen Shou’s Records of the Three Kingdoms, main text) is the baseline. Each ability compares how the Romance redrew the same person, and the evidence from both sources explains the difference.
RRecorded as skilled in handling troops, and repeatedly broke Zhu Yi's spearheadWei 28 §92Wei 28 §38Wei 4 §32
NLay in ambush at Shitou and struck Zhuge Dan's army from the right in a pincer attackCh. 112 §1
RNo direct record — estimated from his career as a general who loved to achieve meritWei 28 §92
NNo direct recordCh. 112 §1
RNo direct record — estimated from his career as a generalWei 28 §92
NNo direct record — estimated from his career as a generalCh. 112 §2
RNo direct recordWei 28 §92
NNo direct recordCh. 111 §35
RNo direct recordWei 28 §92
NNo direct recordCh. 111 §35
RNo direct recordWei 28 §92
NNo direct recordCh. 111 §35
RNo direct recordWei 28 §92
NNo direct recordCh. 111 §35
RNo direct record — estimated from his career as a generalWei 28 §92
NNo direct record — estimated from his career as a generalCh. 111 §35
RNo direct recordWei 28 §92
NNo direct recordCh. 111 §35
RNo direct recordWei 28 §92
NNo direct recordCh. 111 §35
Records Romance Unverified No direct record; scored from their actions (evidence grade C)
3KDEX scoring — the Records use the main text of Chen Shou’s Records of the Three Kingdoms; the Romance uses the 120-chapter Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Click a source tag to open that passage in the reader.
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Includes automatic matching from Wikipedia infoboxes and source keywords (unverified).