Qian Hong 牽弘
| Occupation | RNGeneral · Administrator of Longxi | Faction | Wei |
|---|---|---|---|
| Appears | RN | Biography in | |
| Born | Native place | Anping Commandery Guanjin County Unverified | |
| Cause of death | RKilled in battle Unverified | ||
| Existence | Historical | Mentions | R3 |
Profile
Qian Hong was the second son of the Wei general Qian Zhao. The Records give him no biography of his own; he appears at the end of the account of Qian Zhao in the Biographies of Man, Tian, Qian and Guo in Records of Wei 26 and in the account of Deng Ai in the Biographies of Wang, Guanqiu, Zhuge, Deng and Zhong in Records of Wei 28. Chen Shou wrote that he was brave and resolute, with something of Qian Zhao's manner, that as Administrator of Longxi he followed Deng Ai in the attack on Shu and won merit, and that in the Xianxi era he became Protector of the Army Who Spreads Awe. Records, Wei 26 §61Records, Wei 28 §67 · 74
In the campaign against Shu in the 4th year of Jingyuan (263), Deng Ai had him block Jiang Wei's front, and after Shu surrendered, Qian Hong, Administrator of Longxi, and others were made to take charge of the various commanderies within Shu as well. Chen Shou's main text does not record his courtesy name or his death, and he does not appear in the assessment of Records of Wei 26 either. Records, Wei 28 §67 · 74Records, Wei 26 §80
In the Romance he first appears in Chapter 116 as the Administrator of Longxi summoned by Deng Ai and appears in 3 of its 120 chapters, Chapters 116 to 118; no chapter title bears his name. In Chapter 116 he leads one of the columns attacking Tazhong, and in Chapter 117 he lies in ambush at Mianzhu together with Wang Qi. Romance, Ch. 116 §6 · 8Romance, Ch. 117 §40
In the Records
His father Qian Zhao, courtesy name Zijing, was a man of Guanjin County in Anping State. He served Yuan Shao and Yuan Shang, then went over to Cao Cao and served as Colonel Protector of the Wuhuan and Colonel Protector of the Xianbei, and when he went out as Administrator of Yanmen he stayed in the commandery for 12 years, and his authority was felt far and wide. When Zhuge Liang, then at Mount Qi, sent envoys to join hands with Kebineng, Qian Zhao received the emperor's edict and discussed a plan for attacking Kebineng with the Inspector Bi Gui, but he died of illness before it could be carried out. Records, Wei 26 §44–46 · 51–53 · 59–60
Qian Zhao's son Qian Jia succeeded him. The second son, Qian Hong, was also brave and resolute, with something of Qian Zhao's manner; as Administrator of Longxi he followed Deng Ai in the attack on Shu and won merit, and in the Xianxi era he became Protector of the Army Who Spreads Awe. Qian Jia shared a mother with Li Yin, Minister over the Masses of Jin, and died young. Records, Wei 26 §61
According to the account of Deng Ai, in the autumn of the 4th year of Jingyuan (263), when an edict sent various armies to attack Shu, the General-in-Chief Sima Wenwang (Sima Zhao) directed them all and issued their orders, having Deng Ai engage Jiang Wei and pin him down, and Zhuge Xu, Inspector of Yong Province, intercept Jiang Wei so that he could not return. Deng Ai sent Wang Qi, Administrator of Tianshui, and others to attack Jiang Wei's camp directly, had Qian Hong, Administrator of Longxi, and others block his front, and sent Yang Xin, Administrator of Jincheng, and others to Gansong. Records, Wei 28 §67
Jiang Wei withdrew on hearing that Zhong Hui's armies had already entered Hanzhong. It is Yang Xin and others who are recorded as pursuing him to Qiangchuankou, fighting a great battle and putting Jiang Wei to flight, and nothing that Qian Hong did is mentioned separately in this passage. Records, Wei 28 §68
After Deng Ai reached Chengdu and received Liu Shan's surrender, the officials of Shu were, according to their rank, appointed to offices of the dynasty or made to serve concurrently as Deng Ai's subordinate officials. Shi Zuan took charge of Yi Province as Inspector as well, and Qian Hong, Administrator of Longxi, and others took charge of the various commanderies within Shu as well. Records, Wei 28 §73–74
These three passages are the only places in Chen Shou's main text where Qian Hong appears, and his courtesy name, his later career and his death are not recorded. The assessment of Records of Wei 26 says that Qian Zhao held to righteousness with firmness and fierceness and that his awe-inspiring achievements were conspicuous, and that since he ended his life as an administrator of a commandery he was not used to the full, but it does not mention Qian Hong separately. Records, Wei 26 §61 · 80Records, Wei 28 §67 · 74
In the Romance
In Chapter 116 of the Romance, Deng Ai, in Longxi, receives the edict to attack Shu, has Sima Wang hold off the Qiang, and sends word to Zhuge Xu, Inspector of Yong Province, Wang Qi, Administrator of Tianshui, Qian Hong, Administrator of Longxi, and Yang Xin, Administrator of Jincheng, to bring the troops under their command and come to take orders. When Zhong Hui's proclamation arrives proposing that they join forces in Hanzhong, Deng Ai has Zhuge Xu cut off Jiang Wei's way home, Wang Qi attack Tazhong from the left and Qian Hong lead 15,000 men to attack Tazhong from the right, and has Yang Xin block Jiang Wei's rear at Gansong. Romance, Ch. 116 §6 · 8
At Tazhong, Jiang Wei drives off Wang Qi in fewer than three bouts and pursues him for 20 li, when gongs and drums sound all at once and a body of troops deploys under a banner with 'Qian Hong, Administrator of Longxi' written large upon it. Jiang Wei laughs, 'This rabble of rats is no match for me,' urges his troops on in pursuit, and after another 10 li runs into Deng Ai. Romance, Ch. 116 §34–36
In Chapter 117, when Zhuge Zhan tears up Deng Ai's letter and beheads the envoy, Deng Ai, furious, wants to go out and fight at once, but following Qiu Ben's advice he has Wang Qi, Administrator of Tianshui, and Qian Hong, Administrator of Longxi, set two units in ambush behind and leads out his troops in person. When Deng Ai is beaten and flees and Zhuge Zhan gives chase, the ambushing troops pour out from both sides, and the Shu army, badly defeated, falls back into Mianzhu. Romance, Ch. 117 §39–41
In Chapter 118, Deng Ai appoints Shi Zuan Inspector of Yi Province and gives Qian Hong, Wang Qi and others each charge of provinces and commanderies. The Romance does not mention Qian Hong after this. Romance, Ch. 118 §20
Where the Romance differs
The fight at Tazhong: In Chapter 116 of the Romance, Qian Hong leads 15,000 men in the column attacking Tazhong from the right and deploys his banners in front of Jiang Wei. In the account of Deng Ai in the Records, Wang Qi and others attacked Jiang Wei's camp directly while Qian Hong and others were given the task of blocking his front, and the number of troops is not recorded. Romance, Ch. 116 §8 · 35Records, Wei 28 §67
The ambush at Mianzhu: In Chapter 117 of the Romance, Qian Hong lies in ambush with Wang Qi and breaks Zhuge Zhan's army. In the account of Deng Ai in the Records, those who fought Zhuge Zhan at Mianzhu were Deng Zhong, Shi Zuan and others, whom Deng Ai sent out on the right and the left, and Qian Hong does not appear. The passage on Zhuge Zhan in the Biography of Zhuge Liang also says only that Zhuge Zhan beheaded Deng Ai's envoy, then fought, was badly defeated and died on the field. Romance, Ch. 117 §40–41Records, Wei 28 §72Records, Shu 5 §61
After the conquest of Shu: In Chapter 118 of the Romance, Deng Ai gives Qian Hong, Wang Qi and others each charge of provinces and commanderies. The Records says that Shi Zuan was made to take charge of Yi Province as Inspector and Qian Hong, Administrator of Longxi, and others to take charge of the various commanderies within Shu, and Wang Qi's name does not appear in this passage. Romance, Ch. 118 §20Records, Wei 28 §74
Family: The Romance calls Qian Hong only the Administrator of Longxi and says nothing of his family. The Records says that he was Qian Zhao's second son, brave and resolute, with something of Qian Zhao's manner, and that in the Xianxi era he became Protector of the Army Who Spreads Awe. Romance, Ch. 116 §6Romance, Ch. 118 §20Records, Wei 26 §61
Written by 3KDEX (not yet reviewed) — The tags at the end of each paragraph link to the exact passage in the Records volume or Romance chapter it is based on.
Abilities
The Records score (Chen Shou’s Records of the Three Kingdoms, main text) is the baseline. Each ability compares how the Romance redrew the same person, and the evidence from both sources explains the difference.
- LEA5052+2
- STR4038−2
- INT4040±0
- POL5045−5
- CHA4038−2
- VIR4242±0
- ADP4242±0
- SCH3533−2
- DIP3533−2
- DIS3835−3
Abilities shaped by the Romance — where it differs from the Records Differences of 10 or more
No ability differs by 10 or more — the Romance portrays this person much as the Records do.
10 similar abilities — show evidence
RAs Administrator of Longxi, blocked Jiang Wei's front under Deng Ai's commandWei 28 §67
NAttacked Tazhong with 15,000 men and broke the Shu army from ambush at MianzhuCh. 116 §8Ch. 117 §40
RNo direct record — estimated from his career as Administrator of LongxiWei 28 §67
NNo direct record — estimated from his career as Administrator of LongxiCh. 116 §35
RNo direct record — estimated from his career as Administrator of LongxiWei 28 §67
NNo direct record — estimated from his career as Administrator of LongxiCh. 116 §35
RAfter Shu was pacified, took charge of the various commanderies within Shu as wellWei 28 §74
NAfter Shu was pacified, Deng Ai gave him charge of provinces and commanderiesCh. 118 §20
RNo direct record — estimated from his career as Administrator of LongxiWei 28 §67
NNo direct record — estimated from his career as Administrator of LongxiCh. 116 §35
RNo direct record — estimated from his career as Administrator of LongxiWei 28 §67
NNo direct record — estimated from his career as Administrator of LongxiCh. 116 §35
RNo direct record — estimated from his career as Administrator of LongxiWei 28 §67
NNo direct record — estimated from his career as Administrator of LongxiCh. 116 §35
RNo direct record — estimated from his career as Administrator of LongxiWei 28 §67
NNo direct record — estimated from his career as Administrator of LongxiCh. 116 §35
RNo direct record — estimated from his career as Administrator of LongxiWei 28 §67
NNo direct record — estimated from his career as Administrator of LongxiCh. 116 §35
RNo direct record — estimated from his career as Administrator of LongxiWei 28 §67
NNo direct record — estimated from his career as Administrator of LongxiCh. 116 §35
Records Romance Unverified No direct record; scored from their actions (evidence grade C)
3KDEX scoring — the Records use the main text of Chen Shou’s Records of the Three Kingdoms; the Romance uses the 120-chapter Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Click a source tag to open that passage in the reader.
Romance chapters (3)
AppearsNot present Chapter list →
Allegiance history
- Wei · Romance · Romance ch. 116 「陇西太守牵弘」 · Q124696106
Related events (1)
- Conquest of Shu by Wei 263 · Command
Includes automatic matching from Wikipedia infoboxes and source keywords (unverified).