Li Qiu 李球
| Occupation | RGeneral · Commander of the Right Division of the Yulin Guards | Faction | Shu |
|---|---|---|---|
| Appears | RN | Biography in | |
| Born | R? N? Unverified | Native place | Yizhou Commandery Yuyuan County Unverified |
| Died | R263 N(same) Unverified | Place of death | RNMianzhu County |
| Cause of death | RKilled in battle NKilled in battle Unverified | ||
| Existence | Historical | Mentions | R1 |
Profile
Li Qiu was Commander of the Right Division of the Yulin Guards of Shu and the son of Li Hui's younger brother. He has no biography of his own in the Records and appears in a single sentence at the end of the biography of Li Hui: 'Li Hui's younger brother's son Li Qiu, as Commander of the Right Division of the Yulin Guards, followed Zhuge Zhan in resisting Deng Ai, gave his life on the field and died at Mianzhu.' Records, Shu 13 §18
The Biography of the Later Sovereign records Deng Ai's defeat of the General of the Guards Zhuge Zhan at Mianzhu under the winter of the 6th year of Jingyao (263). Chen Shou's main text does not record Li Qiu's courtesy name, the year of his birth or when he became Commander of the Right Division of the Yulin Guards. Records, Shu 3 §43Records, Shu 13 §18
In the Romance he appears only in Chapter 117, 1 of its 120 chapters, and no chapter has his name in its title. In the battle named in that chapter's title, 'Zhuge Zhan Dies in Battle at Mianzhu', the Romance portrays him as one who, after Zhuge Zhan and his son have died and Deng Ai attacks Mianzhu, sallies out with Zhang Zun and Huang Chong, each leading a body of troops, and dies fighting along with them. Romance, Ch. 117 §44–47
In the Records
Li Qiu has no biography of his own in the Records and appears at the end of the biography of his uncle Li Hui in Records of Shu 13, the Biographies of Huang, Li, Lü, Ma, Wang and Zhang. In the 7th year of Jianxing (229), when Jiao Province came under Wu, Li Hui was relieved of his post as Inspector and, concurrently holding the post of Administrator of Jianning, returned to live in his home commandery; later he moved to live in Hanzhong and died in the 9th year (231), and his son Li Yi (李遺) succeeded him. Chen Shou then wrote, 'Li Hui's younger brother's son Li Qiu, as Commander of the Right Division of the Yulin Guards, followed Zhuge Zhan in resisting Deng Ai, gave his life on the field and died at Mianzhu.' Records, Shu 13 §17–18
According to the Biography of the Later Sovereign, in the summer of the 6th year of Jingyao (263) Wei ordered the General Who Conquers the West Deng Ai, the General Who Guards the West Zhong Hui and the Inspector of Yong Province Zhuge Xu to attack Shu together along several routes, and that winter Deng Ai defeated the General of the Guards Zhuge Zhan at Mianzhu. The record of Zhuge Zhan in the Biography of Zhuge Liang says that when Deng Ai came in by a byroad from Yinping along the Jinggu road, Zhuge Zhan led the various armies to Fu County and halted there, and when his vanguard was broken he withdrew and stayed at Mianzhu. Angered by Deng Ai's letter promising to memorialize to make him Prince of Langya if he surrendered, Zhuge Zhan beheaded the envoy, and at last gave battle, but was badly defeated and died on the field. His eldest son Zhuge Shang died with him. Records, Shu 3 §43Records, Shu 5 §60–61
According to the Biography of Deng Ai, Deng Ai sent his son Deng Zhong and others out on the right, and the Major Shi Zuan and others out on the left. When the fighting went badly and the two both fell back and said the enemy could not be attacked, Deng Ai, saying angrily that the division between survival and ruin rested on this one stroke, rebuked them and was about to behead them. Deng Zhong and Shi Zuan galloped back, fought again and crushed the enemy, taking the heads of Zhuge Zhan, the Master of Writing Zhang Zun and others. The biography of Huang Quan records that Huang Chong, the son he had left behind in Shu and a Gentleman of the Masters of Writing, also led and spurred on his soldiers in this battle, resolved to die, and was killed on the field. Chen Shou's main text says nothing further about how Li Qiu fought in this battle. Records, Wei 28 §72Records, Shu 13 §10 · 18
In the Romance
In Chapter 117 of the Romance, when Deng Ai leads his troops out from Yinping in the 10th month of that year and enters Shu, Zhuge Zhan receives 70,000 troops and officers of Chengdu from the Later Sovereign and, making his eldest son Zhuge Shang the vanguard, sets out to meet the Wei army. Near Mianzhu, Zhuge Zhan puts a wooden likeness of Kongming on a carriage, frightening Shi Zuan and Deng Zhong into flight, and when the two come to fight again he drives them back too and badly defeats the Wei army. Romance, Ch. 117 §13 · 29–30 · 33–37
When Deng Ai sends a letter tempting him with a promise to memorialize to make him Prince of Langya if he comes over, Zhuge Zhan tears up the letter and beheads the envoy. But when Deng Ai comes leading his troops in person, Zhuge Zhan sallies out, is badly defeated by ambushes that pour out from both sides, and withdraws into Mianzhu, which the Wei army surrounds as tightly as an iron bucket. When no relief comes, Zhuge Zhan leaves his son Zhuge Shang and the Master of Writing Zhang Zun to hold the city and sallies out, and when he is struck by an arrow and falls from his horse, he draws his sword and cuts his own throat. Seeing this, Zhuge Shang too sallies out and dies on the field. Romance, Ch. 117 §38–41 · 43–45
Moved by their loyalty, Deng Ai buries Zhuge Zhan and his son together, and, taking advantage of the opening, attacks Mianzhu. Zhang Zun, Huang Chong and Li Qiu each lead a body of troops out to fight, but the Shu troops are few and the Wei troops many, and all three die fighting; Deng Ai thus takes Mianzhu and goes on to seize Chengdu. In the Romance, Li Qiu's name appears only in this one passage, and it does not state his office or his relationship to Li Hui. Romance, Ch. 117 §46–47
Where the Romance differs
Family: The biography of Li Hui in the Records describes Li Qiu as the son of Li Hui's younger brother. Chapter 117 of the Romance only gives his name and does not mention his relationship to Li Hui. Records, Shu 13 §18Romance, Ch. 117 §47
Office: In the Records, Li Qiu followed Zhuge Zhan as Commander of the Right Division of the Yulin Guards. His office does not appear in Chapter 117 of the Romance. Records, Shu 13 §18Romance, Ch. 117 §47
Order of deaths: In Chapter 117 of the Romance, Zhuge Zhan first cuts his own throat and Zhuge Shang dies fighting, and then, when Deng Ai attacks Mianzhu, Li Qiu sallies out with Zhang Zun and Huang Chong and dies. The biography of Li Hui in the Records says only that Li Qiu followed Zhuge Zhan in resisting Deng Ai, gave his life on the field and died at Mianzhu, and the Biography of Deng Ai records in a single statement that Deng Zhong and Shi Zuan fought again, crushed the enemy and took the heads of Zhuge Zhan, Zhang Zun and others. Romance, Ch. 117 §44–47Records, Shu 13 §18Records, Wei 28 §72
Written by 3KDEX (not yet reviewed) — The tags at the end of each paragraph link to the exact passage in the Records volume or Romance chapter it is based on.
Abilities
The Records score (Chen Shou’s Records of the Three Kingdoms, main text) is the baseline. Each ability compares how the Romance redrew the same person, and the evidence from both sources explains the difference.
- LEA4545±0
- STR4845−3
- INT3838±0
- POL3533−2
- CHA4038−2
- VIR5862+4
- ADP3538+3
- SCH3333±0
- DIP3533−2
- DIS3833−5
Abilities shaped by the Romance — where it differs from the Records Differences of 10 or more
No ability differs by 10 or more — the Romance portrays this person much as the Records do.
10 similar abilities — show evidence
RNo direct record — estimated from the record of his following Zhuge Zhan against Deng Ai as Commander of the Right Division of the Yulin GuardsShu 13 §18
NLed a body of troops out against Deng Ai's armyCh. 117 §47
RNo direct record — estimated from the record of his following Zhuge Zhan against Deng Ai as Commander of the Right Division of the Yulin GuardsShu 13 §18
NNo direct record — estimated from the single line on him as a Shu general killed in battle at MianzhuCh. 117 §47
RNo direct record — estimated from the record of his following Zhuge Zhan against Deng Ai as Commander of the Right Division of the Yulin GuardsShu 13 §18
NNo direct record — estimated from the single line on him as a Shu general killed in battle at MianzhuCh. 117 §47
RNo direct record — estimated from the record of his following Zhuge Zhan against Deng Ai as Commander of the Right Division of the Yulin GuardsShu 13 §18
NNo direct record — estimated from the single line on him as a Shu general killed in battle at MianzhuCh. 117 §47
RNo direct record — estimated from the record of his following Zhuge Zhan against Deng Ai as Commander of the Right Division of the Yulin GuardsShu 13 §18
NNo direct record — estimated from the single line on him as a Shu general killed in battle at MianzhuCh. 117 §47
RFollowed Zhuge Zhan in resisting Deng Ai, gave his life on the field and died at MianzhuShu 13 §18
NFought on against the Wei army despite having few troops, and died in battleCh. 117 §47
RNo direct record — estimated from the record of his following Zhuge Zhan against Deng Ai as Commander of the Right Division of the Yulin GuardsShu 13 §18
NNo direct record — estimated from the single line on him as a Shu general killed in battle at MianzhuCh. 117 §47
RNo direct record — estimated from the record of his following Zhuge Zhan against Deng Ai as Commander of the Right Division of the Yulin GuardsShu 13 §18
NNo direct record — estimated from the single line on him as a Shu general killed in battle at MianzhuCh. 117 §47
RNo direct record — estimated from the record of his following Zhuge Zhan against Deng Ai as Commander of the Right Division of the Yulin GuardsShu 13 §18
NNo direct record — estimated from the single line on him as a Shu general killed in battle at MianzhuCh. 117 §47
RNo direct record — estimated from the record of his following Zhuge Zhan against Deng Ai as Commander of the Right Division of the Yulin GuardsShu 13 §18
NNo direct record — estimated from the single line on him as a Shu general killed in battle at MianzhuCh. 117 §47
Records Romance Unverified No direct record; scored from their actions (evidence grade C)
3KDEX scoring — the Records use the main text of Chen Shou’s Records of the Three Kingdoms; the Romance uses the 120-chapter Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Click a source tag to open that passage in the reader.
Romance chapters (1)
AppearsNot present Chapter list →
Allegiance history
- Shu · Romance · Romance ch. 117 「张遵、黄崇、李球三人，各引一军杀出」 · Q124711574
Related events (1)
- Zhuge Zhan Dies in Battle at Mianzhu 263 · Appears (Romance scene)
Includes automatic matching from Wikipedia infoboxes and source keywords (unverified).