RFond of scholars, he took in Deng ZhiShu 15 §2
NNo direct record — estimatedCh. 59 §50
Pang Xi 龐羲
| Occupation | RNGeneral · Administrator of Baxi | Faction | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Appears | RN | Biography in | |
| Born | Native place | Henan Commandery | |
| Existence | Historical | Mentions | R10 |
Profile
Pang Xi was a man of Henan. While serving as Consultant, because his family had long been close to that of Liu Yan, when Liu Yan's son Liu Fan was killed and Liu Dan was punished, he gathered men and brought Liu Yan's grandsons into Shu. Records, Shu 1 §10
Under Liu Zhang he became Administrator of Baxi and commanded troops to hold off Zhang Lu, but later fell out with Liu Zhang. When Liu Bei pacified Shu he became Major to the General of the Left, and his daughter was the wife of Liu Zhang's eldest son Liu Xun. Records, Shu 1 §13 · 19
The Records has no separate biography of him; he appears in the Biographies of the Two Governors Liu, the Biography of the First Sovereign, and the accounts of Deng Zhi and Cheng Ji in the Biographies of Deng, Zhang, Zong and Yang, and his name is not in Chen Shou's assessment either. In the Romance he first appears in Chapter 59 as the Administrator of Baxi whom Liu Zhang appointed to hold off Zhang Lu, and appears in 2 of its 120 chapters; no chapter title bears his name. Records, Shu 1 §21–22Romance, Ch. 59 §50
In the Records
Liu Yan's ambitions grew steadily, while his sons Liu Fan, Liu Dan and Liu Zhang were in Chang'an following Emperor Xian. When Ma Teng, General Who Conquers the West, rebelled at Mei County, Liu Yan and Liu Fan conspired with Ma Teng to make a surprise attack on Chang'an, but the plot leaked; Liu Fan fled to Huaili and was killed, and Liu Dan too was seized and punished. The Consultant Pang Xi, a man of Henan, whose family had long been close to Liu Yan's, gathered men and brought Liu Yan's grandsons into Shu. Records, Shu 1 §9–10
After Liu Zhang succeeded to Liu Yan's position, Zhang Lu grew increasingly arrogant and would not obey him, so Liu Zhang killed Zhang Lu's mother and younger brother, and the two became sworn enemies. Liu Zhang repeatedly sent Pang Xi and others to attack Zhang Lu, but they were defeated each time. Because many of Zhang Lu's followers were in Baxi, Liu Zhang made Pang Xi Administrator of Baxi and had him command troops to hold off Zhang Lu. Records, Shu 1 §13
Later Pang Xi fell out with Liu Zhang, and Zhao Wei raised troops and turned them inward, but his followers scattered and he was killed. Chen Shou wrote that all this was because Liu Zhang lacked clear judgment and took in words from outside. Records, Shu 1 §13
Pang Xi, Administrator of Baxi, gathered a fair number of private troops, saying that since the realm was in turmoil the commandery needed armed defenses. When someone slandered him to Liu Zhang, saying that Pang Xi was plotting rebellion, Liu Zhang secretly suspected him. Hearing of this, Pang Xi was greatly afraid and planned to secure himself, and sent Cheng Yu, son of Cheng Ji, Chief of Hanchang County, to convey his wishes and ask for troops. Cheng Ji replied that the commandery had gathered private troops not in order to rebel, and that he had never heard it was right to harbor disloyal intentions merely out of fear. Records, Shu 15 §76–77
When Pang Xi sent someone again to say that Cheng Ji's son was in the commandery and that if he did not follow the Administrator, disaster would fall on the family, Cheng Ji cited how Yue Yang of old, as a general, drank a soup made of his own son, and replied that even if his son were now made into soup he would surely drink it. Knowing that Cheng Ji would never take his side, Pang Xi apologized profusely to Liu Zhang and escaped blame. Hearing of this, Liu Zhang promoted Cheng Ji to Administrator of Jiangyang. Records, Shu 15 §78
Deng Zhi, who had entered Shu at the end of the Han and found no one to recognize him, heard that Pang Xi, Administrator of Baxi, was fond of scholars, and went to rely on him. Records, Shu 15 §2
After Cao Cao's army fared badly at Chibi, Zhang Song urged Liu Zhang to make friends with Liu Bei, and persuaded him again, saying that the commanders within the province, such as Pang Xi and Li Yi, all relied on their merits, were arrogant and harbored disloyal intentions, so that unless he won over Liu Bei of Yu Province, enemies would attack from without and the people from within, and defeat was certain. Liu Zhang followed this advice and sent Fa Zheng to invite Liu Bei. Records, Shu 1 §15–16
The wife of Liu Zhang's eldest son Liu Xun was Pang Xi's daughter. When Liu Bei pacified Shu, Pang Xi became Major to the General of the Left; Liu Zhang at that time asked through Pang Xi that Liu Xun be allowed to remain, and Liu Bei made Liu Xun Leader of the Court Gentlemen of Imperial Equipages. Because of this, the descendants of Liu Zhang's two sons came to be divided between Wu and Shu. Records, Shu 1 §19
In the autumn of the 24th year of Jian'an (219), when the officials proclaimed Liu Bei King of Hanzhong and submitted a memorial to the Han emperor, the Camp Major (ying sima) Pang Xi signed his name after Ma Chao, General Who Pacifies the West, and Xu Jing, Chief Clerk to the General of the Left, and was among the 120 signatories together with Zhuge Liang, Military Adviser General, Guan Yu, General Who Sweeps Away Bandits, and others. The Records does not record Pang Xi's later deeds or his death. Records, Shu 2 §38 · 40
In the Romance
In Chapter 59 of the Romance, when Zhang Lu discusses with his younger brother Zhang Wei raising troops to take Xichuan, the Romance introduces Liu Zhang of Yi Province and relates that, because Liu Zhang had earlier killed Zhang Lu's mother and younger brother and there was enmity between them, he made Pang Xi Administrator of Baxi to hold Zhang Lu off. Pang Xi learns that Zhang Lu intends to raise troops to take Xichuan and hastily informs Liu Zhang. When the weak Liu Zhang, greatly worried, gathers his officials, one man steps forward and says that with his three-inch tongue he will keep Zhang Lu from even eyeing Xichuan; in Chapter 60 he turns out to be the Attendant Officer Zhang Song. Romance, Ch. 59 §49–51Romance, Ch. 60 §1
In Chapter 65, Liu Bei takes the post of Governor of Yi Province himself, richly rewards the civil and military officials who surrendered, and settles their titles and ranks. Yan Yan becomes General of the Front, Fa Zheng Administrator of Shu Commandery, Dong He General of the Household Commanding the Army, Xu Jing Chief Clerk to the General of the Left, Liu Ba General of the Left, Huang Quan General of the Right, and Pang Xi Major in the Camp (yingzhong sima). These two chapters are the only ones in the Romance in which Pang Xi appears. Romance, Ch. 65 §46
Where the Romance differs
How he came to Shu: In the Romance, Pang Xi merely first appears in Chapter 59 as the man Liu Zhang made Administrator of Baxi to hold off Zhang Lu, and how he came to Shu is not told. In the Records, Pang Xi, then a Consultant, came from a family long close to Liu Yan's, so after Liu Fan was killed he brought Liu Yan's grandsons into Shu. Romance, Ch. 59 §50Records, Shu 1 §10
The fight with Zhang Lu: In Chapter 59 of the Romance, Pang Xi learns that Zhang Lu means to attack Xichuan and informs Liu Zhang. In the Records, Liu Zhang repeatedly sent Pang Xi and others to attack Zhang Lu but they were defeated each time, after which he made Pang Xi Administrator of Baxi to hold Zhang Lu off. Romance, Ch. 59 §51Records, Shu 1 §13
The rift with Liu Zhang: The Romance does not include the trouble between Pang Xi and Liu Zhang. In the Records, Pang Xi fell out with Liu Zhang; when he was slandered as plotting rebellion after gathering private troops, he asked Cheng Ji for troops, was refused, and escaped blame by apologizing to Liu Zhang. Romance, Ch. 59 §50–51Records, Shu 1 §13Records, Shu 15 §76–78
Zhang Song's persuasion: In Chapter 60 of the Romance, Zhang Song urges Liu Zhang to make an alliance with Liu Bei so as to have him as an outside ally against Cao Cao and Zhang Lu. In the Records, Zhang Song said that the commanders within the province, such as Pang Xi and Li Yi, relied on their merits, were arrogant and harbored disloyal intentions, so that unless he won over Liu Bei of Yu Province he would be attacked from within and without and certainly be defeated. Romance, Ch. 60 §38–39Records, Shu 1 §15
Office: In Chapter 65 of the Romance, Pang Xi becomes Major in the Camp (yingzhong sima) after Liu Bei takes the post of Governor of Yi Province. In the Records, he became Major to the General of the Left when Liu Bei pacified Shu, and signed the memorial of the 24th year of Jian'an (219) proclaiming Liu Bei King of Hanzhong as Camp Major (ying sima). Pang Xi does not appear in the scene of Liu Bei's accession as King of Hanzhong in Chapter 73 of the Romance. Romance, Ch. 65 §46Romance, Ch. 73 §8–9Records, Shu 1 §19Records, Shu 2 §40
Marriage tie with Liu Xun: The Romance does not say that Pang Xi's daughter was the wife of Liu Zhang's eldest son Liu Xun. In the Records, Pang Xi's daughter was Liu Xun's wife, and when Liu Zhang asked through Pang Xi that Liu Xun be allowed to remain, Liu Bei made Liu Xun Leader of the Court Gentlemen of Imperial Equipages. Romance, Ch. 65 §46Records, Shu 1 §19
Written by 3KDEX (not yet reviewed) — The tags at the end of each paragraph link to the exact passage in the Records volume or Romance chapter it is based on.
Abilities
The Records score (Chen Shou’s Records of the Three Kingdoms, main text) is the baseline. Each ability compares how the Romance redrew the same person, and the evidence from both sources explains the difference.
Records total435 / 1000Rank 433 of 996 · Top 44%Romance total399 / 1000Rank 520 of 1,113 · Top 47%
Romance adaptation index−36Romance total − Records total
- LEA3042+12
- STR3835−3
- INT4550+5
- POL4238−4
- CHA5240−12
- VIR3845+7
- ADP6048−12
- SCH3531−4
- DIP4535−10
- DIS5035−15
Abilities shaped by the Romance — where it differs from the Records Differences of 10 or more
RAttacked Zhang Lu repeatedly on Liu Zhang's orders but was defeated each timeShu 1 §13
NNo direct record — estimated from his holding off Zhang Lu as Administrator of BaxiCh. 59 §50
RDeng Zhi came to rely on him as fond of scholars, and he gathered private troopsShu 15 §2Shu 15 §76
NNo direct record — estimatedCh. 59 §50
REscaped suspicion of rebellion by apologizing to Liu Zhang, and became a Major under the First SovereignShu 15 §78Shu 1 §19
NNo direct record — estimated from his becoming Major in the Camp after surrenderingCh. 65 §46
RNo direct record — estimated from his escaping blame by apologizingShu 15 §78
NNo direct record — estimatedCh. 59 §50
5 similar abilities — show evidence
RNo direct record — estimatedShu 1 §13
NNo direct record — estimatedCh. 59 §50
RNo direct record — estimated from his judgment in providing the commandery with armed defenses in troubled timesShu 15 §76
NLearned that Zhang Lu meant to attack Xichuan and hastily reported itCh. 59 §51
RNo direct record — estimated from his career as Administrator of BaxiShu 1 §13
NNo direct record — estimatedCh. 59 §50
RBrought Liu Yan's grandsons into Shu, but was suspected of arrogance and disloyal intentionsShu 1 §10Shu 1 §15Shu 15 §77
NNo direct record — estimatedCh. 59 §50
RNo direct record — estimated from his career as ConsultantShu 1 §10
NNo direct record — estimatedCh. 59 §50
Records Romance Unverified No direct record; scored from their actions (evidence grade C)
3KDEX scoring — the Records use the main text of Chen Shou’s Records of the Three Kingdoms; the Romance uses the 120-chapter Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Click a source tag to open that passage in the reader.
Romance chapters (2)
AppearsNot present Chapter list →
Allegiance history
- Liu Zhang faction · Records · 「璋累遣龐羲等攻魯」 · 「以羲為巴西太守」(sgz-shu-01:s13)