RHeld off Yuan Shu's army at Dangli Kou for over a year, but was defeated by Sun CeWu 1 §28Wu 4 §5
NBoasted he would hold off even an army of a million, but abandoned Niuzhu and fledCh. 15 §20Ch. 15 §23
Zhang Ying 張英
| Occupation | RNGeneral | Faction | Liu Yao faction |
|---|---|---|---|
| Appears | RN | Biography in | |
| Cause of death | NKilled in battle Unverified | ||
| Existence | Historical | Mentions | R7 |
Profile
Zhang Ying was a commander under Liu Yao, Inspector of Yang Province. He has no biography of his own in the Records; his name appears in the biographies of Sun Ce and Liu Yao and in the records of Sun Ben, Xu Kun, Cheng Pu and Lü Fan. On Liu Yao's orders he was stationed at Dangli Kou and held out even though Wu Jing and Sun Ben, on Yuan Shu's side, attacked him for more than a year, but he was defeated when Sun Ce crossed the river. Records, Wu 1 §28Records, Wu 4 §5Records, Wu 6 §26
Chen Shou's main text does not record his later deeds or his death. In the Romance he appears only in Chapter 15, once in its 120 chapters, and no chapter has his name in its title. The Romance portrays him as a lieutenant of Liu Yao who is defeated by Sun Ce while holding Niuzhu, and who, after coming out of Moling in pursuit of Sun Ce, is run through by Chen Wu's spear and killed. Records, Wu 1 §28Records, Wu 4 §5Records, Wu 5 §11–12Records, Wu 6 §26Records, Wu 10 §3Records, Wu 11 §33Romance, Ch. 15 §20 · 22–23 · 41
In the Records
When Liu Yao became Inspector of Yang Province, the old seat of the province, Shouchun, was already held by Yuan Shu, so Liu Yao crossed the Yangtze, made Qu'e his seat, and drove out Wu Jing, who was in Danyang, and Sun Ben, the Commandant of Danyang. Liu Yao sent Fan Neng and Yu Mi east to be stationed at Hengjiang Ford and stationed Zhang Ying at Dangli Kou to hold off Yuan Shu. The Biography of Liu Yao records that Liu Yao sent Fan Neng and Zhang Ying to be stationed on the bank of the Yangtze to hold him off. Records, Wu 1 §28Records, Wu 4 §4–5
Yuan Shu himself made his former subordinate Hui Qu of Langya Inspector of Yang Province, and made Wu Jing General of the Household Commanding the Army, sending him together with Sun Ben at the head of troops to attack Zhang Ying and the others. But they could not win for more than a year. The Biography of Liu Yao records that they could not take the positions for over a year. Records, Wu 1 §28Records, Wu 4 §5Records, Wu 6 §26
Sun Ce persuaded Yuan Shu, asking to help Wu Jing and the others pacify the region east of the Yangtze, and he crossed the Yangtze and fought one battle after another. According to the Biographies of Consorts, when Xu Kun, who followed Sun Ce, attacked Fan Neng, Yu Mi and others at Hengjiang and attacked Zhang Ying at Dangli Kou, there were too few boats, and he wanted to halt the army and find more. Xu Kun's mother, who was with the army, said that it would be disadvantageous if the provincial authorities sent a large naval force against them, and told him to cut reeds and make rafts to help the boats ferry the troops; when Xu Kun reported this, Sun Ce immediately carried it out. The whole host crossed the river and at last defeated Zhang Ying. Records, Wu 1 §29Records, Wu 5 §11–12
The Biography of Sun Ben records that when Sun Ce crossed the river to the east, he helped Sun Ben and Wu Jing defeat Zhang Ying, Fan Neng and others and then advanced to attack Liu Yao. The Biography of Cheng Pu says that when Sun Ce reached Hengjiang and Dangli, defeated Zhang Ying, Yu Mi and others and then took Moling, Hushu, Jurong and Qu'e, Cheng Pu won merit in every engagement, and the Biography of Lü Fan likewise records that Lü Fan followed Sun Ce to Hengjiang and Dangli and defeated Zhang Ying and Yu Mi. In the Biography of Liu Yao, when Sun Ce defeated Zhang Ying, Fan Neng and others, Liu Yao fled to Dantu. Records, Wu 6 §26Records, Wu 10 §3Records, Wu 11 §33Records, Wu 4 §5
In Chen Shou's main text Zhang Ying no longer appears after the record of his defeat in this fighting, and his later deeds and death are not recorded. Records, Wu 1 §28Records, Wu 4 §5Records, Wu 5 §12Records, Wu 6 §26Records, Wu 10 §3Records, Wu 11 §33
In the Romance
In Chapter 15 of the Romance, when Liu Yao hears that Sun Ce's army is coming and confers with his commanders, his lieutenant Zhang Ying steps forward, saying that if he leads a force and is stationed at Niuzhu, not even an army of a million will be able to come near. Zhang Ying leads his troops to Niuzhu and stores 100,000 measures of grain in the granary there. Romance, Ch. 15 §20 · 22
When Sun Ce arrives, the two armies meet on the shoals at Niuzhu. Zhang Ying hurls abuse, and Huang Gai comes out to fight him, but before they have fought many bouts a fire breaks out inside Zhang Ying's camp and his army falls into great confusion. Zhang Ying hastily turns his troops back, then abandons Niuzhu and flees into the deep mountains. The men who set the fire behind the camp were Jiang Qin and Zhou Tai, who had come to surrender to Sun Ce. Romance, Ch. 15 §22–23
When Zhang Ying returns in defeat, Liu Yao in anger means to behead him, but the advisers Ze Rong and Xue Li dissuade him and spare Zhang Ying's life, and he is stationed at the city of Lingling to hold off the enemy. Romance, Ch. 15 §24
Later, when Sun Ce is struck by an arrow while attacking Moling and has it falsely announced in his army that he has died, Xue Li raises the troops in the city overnight and comes out with the brave commanders Zhang Ying and Chen Heng to pursue him. Ambushers rise on all sides, and when Sun Ce shouts, 'Sun Lang is here!', the soldiers throw down their spears and swords and prostrate themselves. Zhang Ying turns his horse to flee and is run through by Chen Wu's spear and killed. Romance, Ch. 15 §40–41
Where the Romance differs
Where he was stationed: In Chapter 15 of the Romance, Zhang Ying volunteers to be stationed at Niuzhu and stores 100,000 measures of grain in the granary there. In Chen Shou's main text, Zhang Ying was stationed at Dangli Kou (Biography of Sun Ce) and on the bank of the Yangtze (Biography of Liu Yao), and Niuzhu does not appear as his station. Romance, Ch. 15 §20 · 22Records, Wu 1 §28Records, Wu 4 §5
Whom he held off: In Chapter 15 of the Romance, Zhang Ying goes out from the start to hold off Sun Ce. In the Records, Liu Yao stationed him to hold off Yuan Shu, and Wu Jing and Sun Ben, sent by Yuan Shu, could not defeat him for more than a year. Sun Ce crossed the river only after that. Romance, Ch. 15 §20Records, Wu 1 §28–29Records, Wu 4 §5
How he was defeated: In Chapter 15 of the Romance, while Zhang Ying is fighting Huang Gai, Jiang Qin and Zhou Tai set fire behind his camp and he collapses. In the Biographies of Consorts in the Records, Xu Kun, who was about to halt for lack of boats, was urged by his mother to use reed rafts, and Sun Ce's whole army crossed the river and defeated Zhang Ying. The names of Huang Gai, Jiang Qin and Zhou Tai do not appear in the passages of Chen Shou's main text that record Zhang Ying's defeat. Romance, Ch. 15 §22–23Records, Wu 5 §11–12Records, Wu 1 §28–29Records, Wu 4 §5Records, Wu 6 §26Records, Wu 10 §3Records, Wu 11 §33
After the defeat: In Chapter 15 of the Romance, Liu Yao means to behead Zhang Ying when he returns in defeat, and Ze Rong and Xue Li dissuade him and have Zhang Ying stationed at the city of Lingling. This episode is not in Chen Shou's main text. Romance, Ch. 15 §24Records, Wu 4 §5
Death: In Chapter 15 of the Romance, Zhang Ying comes out of Moling with Xue Li in pursuit of Sun Ce and is run through by Chen Wu's spear and killed. Chen Shou's main text says only that Zhang Ying was defeated by Sun Ce and does not record his death. Romance, Ch. 15 §41Records, Wu 1 §28Records, Wu 4 §5Records, Wu 5 §12Records, Wu 6 §26
Written by 3KDEX (not yet reviewed) — The tags at the end of each paragraph link to the exact passage in the Records volume or Romance chapter it is based on.
Abilities
The Records score (Chen Shou’s Records of the Three Kingdoms, main text) is the baseline. Each ability compares how the Romance redrew the same person, and the evidence from both sources explains the difference.
Records total393 / 1000Rank 661 of 996 · Top 67%Romance total342 / 1000Rank 945 of 1,113 · Top 85%
Romance adaptation index−51Romance total − Records total
- LEA5530−25
- STR4240−2
- INT3830−8
- POL3535±0
- CHA3838±0
- VIR4842−6
- ADP3830−8
- SCH3131±0
- DIP3333±0
- DIS3533−2
Abilities shaped by the Romance — where it differs from the Records Differences of 10 or more
9 similar abilities — show evidence
RNo direct record — estimated from his being a garrison commanderWu 1 §28
NFought Huang Gai for a few bouts, and was later run through by Chen Wu's spear and killedCh. 15 §22Ch. 15 §41
RNo direct record — estimated from his deedsWu 1 §28
NCaught off guard by the fire behind his camp and lost all his grain and weaponsCh. 15 §22Ch. 15 §23
RNo direct record — estimated from his deedsWu 1 §28
NNo direct record — estimated from his deedsCh. 15 §22
RNo direct record — estimated from his deedsWu 1 §28
NNo direct record — estimated from his deedsCh. 15 §20
RNo direct record — estimated from his fighting for Liu YaoWu 4 §5
NNo direct record — estimated from his deedsCh. 15 §24
RNo direct record — estimated from his deedsWu 4 §5
NReturned in defeat and was nearly beheaded by Liu Yao, but was sparedCh. 15 §24
RNo direct record — estimated from his being a military commanderWu 1 §28
NNo direct record — estimated from his being a military commanderCh. 15 §20
RNo direct record — estimated from his being a military commanderWu 1 §28
NNo direct record — estimated from his being a military commanderCh. 15 §20
RNo direct record — estimated from his being a military commanderWu 1 §28
NNo direct record — estimated from his being a military commanderCh. 15 §20
Records Romance Unverified No direct record; scored from their actions (evidence grade C)
3KDEX scoring — the Records use the main text of Chen Shou’s Records of the Three Kingdoms; the Romance uses the 120-chapter Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Click a source tag to open that passage in the reader.
Romance chapters (1)
AppearsNot present Chapter list →
Allegiance history
- Liu Yao faction · Records · Records vol. 49 「繇遣樊能、張英屯江邊」
Related events (1)
- Battle of Que 195 · Command
Includes automatic matching from Wikipedia infoboxes and source keywords (unverified).