RNo direct record — estimated from his career up to General Who Overawes the SouthWu 8 §49
NAs envoy to Shu, saw Huang Hao's monopoly of power and the people's misery and foresaw its fallCh. 113 §22
| Occupation | RGeneral · General Who Overawes the South | Faction | Wu |
|---|---|---|---|
| Appears | RN | Biography in | |
| Born | Native place | Pei Commandery Zhuyi County Unverified | |
| Cause of death | RIllness Unverified | ||
| Existence | Historical | Mentions | R4 |
Xue Xu was the son of Xue Zong, who served Wu as Master of Writing for Selection and Junior Tutor to the Crown Prince, and the elder brother of Xue Ying. Under Sun Hao, in the 2nd year of Baoding (267), he built, as Acting Court Architect, the sleeping hall of Sun Hao's father Emperor Wen (Sun He), and in the 1st year of Jianheng (269), as General Who Overawes the South, he advanced by the Jing Province route to Hepu together with the Army Supervisor Yu Si and Tao Huang, Administrator of Cangwu, to attack Jiaozhi. He rose to the rank of General Who Overawes the South and died of illness on the road back from the campaign against Jiaozhi. Records, Wu 8 §48–49 · 51Records, Wu 14 §32–33Records, Wu 3 §61
Chen Shou did not give him a biography of his own, and in the assessment at the end of Records of Wu 8 he discussed only Xue Zong and Xue Ying. In the Romance he appears only in Chapter 113, 1 of its 120 chapters, and his name is in no chapter title. He appears as the Wu envoy who goes to Shu to return courtesies after Sun Xiu has beheaded Sun Chen, and on his return he reports to Sun Xiu on the state of Shu, where Huang Hao holds power. Records, Wu 8 §63Romance, Ch. 113 §21–22
Xue Xu appears briefly at the end of the biography of his father Xue Zong in the Biographies of Zhang, Yan, Cheng, Kan and Xue (Records of Wu 8), and his name is also seen in the Biographies of the Three Successor Rulers (Records of Wu 3) and the Biographies of the Five Sons of the Lord of Wu (Records of Wu 14). His father Xue Zong, courtesy name Jingwen, was a man of Zhuyi County in Pei Commandery; when Shi Xie submitted to Sun Quan, Xue Zong became Gentleman of the Five Offices and was appointed Administrator of Hepu and Jiaozhi. Later, after serving as Supervisor of the Imperial Secretariat, he was transferred to Master of Writing for Selection in the 3rd year of Chiwu (240), became Junior Tutor to the Crown Prince in the 5th year (242), and died in the spring of the 6th year (243). Records, Wu 8 §30 · 42 · 48
In the year he took the throne, Sun Hao posthumously honored his father Sun He as Emperor Wen and reburied him at the Ming Mausoleum, and the officials in charge memorialized that a temple should be built in the capital. In the 7th month of the 2nd year of Baoding (267), Sun Hao had Xue Xu, Acting Court Architect, build a sleeping hall, which was named the Pure Temple. In the 12th month of that year he sent the Acting Chancellor Meng Ren, the Minister of Ceremonies Yao Xin and others with the spirit carriage and the imperial equipage to the Ming Mausoleum to welcome the spirit. Records, Wu 14 §32–33
In the 3rd year of Baoding (268), Wu sent Liu Jun (劉俊), Inspector of Jiao Province, Xiu Ze, Commander of the Vanguard, and others to invade Jiaozhi, but they were defeated by the Jin general Mao Jiong and others and all died, and their soldiers scattered and returned to Hepu. In the 1st year of Jianheng (269), Wu sent the Army Supervisor Yu Si, Xue Xu, General Who Overawes the South, and Tao Huang, Administrator of Cangwu, by the Jing Province route, and the Army Supervisor Li Xu and the Army Inspector Xu Cun by the sea route from Jian'an, all to advance to Hepu and attack Jiaozhi. Records, Wu 3 §60–61
The next year Li Xu, saying that the Jian'an route was impassable, killed his guide general Feng Fei and led his army back; when He Ding memorialized that Li Xu had wrongfully killed Feng Fei and withdrawn the army on his own authority, Li Xu and Xu Cun were executed together with their families. In the 3rd year of Jianheng (271), Yu Si and Tao Huang defeated Jiaozhi and captured and killed the garrison commanders installed by Jin, and Jiuzhen and Rinan both came back under Wu. The Biographies of the Three Successor Rulers do not name Xue Xu at this point. Records, Wu 3 §62–63
In the same 3rd year of Jianheng, when Sun Hao, recalling with admiration the writings left by Xue Zong, ordered Xue Xu's younger brother Xue Ying to continue them, Xue Ying presented a poem. The poem contains the lines: 'Xu unworthily holds a charge of a thousand li; receiving the command, he campaigns in the south, his banners and insignia complete, the sound of gongs and armor resounding.' Records, Wu 8 §51 · 54
At the end of Xue Zong's biography, Chen Shou wrote that his son Xue Xu rose to the rank of General Who Overawes the South and died of illness on the road back from the campaign against Jiaozhi. Chen Shou's main text does not record his courtesy name, his age or the year of his death. The assessment at the end of Records of Wu 8 calls Xue Zong a good minister of Wu for his learning and remonstrance and discusses Xue Ying, but does not discuss Xue Xu separately. Records, Wu 8 §49 · 63
In Chapter 113 of the Romance, when Sun Xiu beheads Sun Chen and sends a letter to inform Chengdu, the Later Sovereign Liu Shan sends an envoy with congratulations in return, and Wu sends the envoy Xue Xu to return the courtesy. Romance, Ch. 113 §21–22
When Xue Xu returns from Shu, Sun Xiu asks how things have been going in Shu lately. Xue Xu reports that the Regular Palace Attendant Huang Hao holds power and most of the ministers flatter and attach themselves to him, that on entering the court one hears no honest words, and that passing through the countryside one sees the hungry look on the people's faces. He adds that it is like swallows and sparrows nesting in a hall, unaware that the great house is about to burn. Romance, Ch. 113 §22
Sun Xiu sighs that had Marquis Wu, Zhuge Liang, still been alive, things would never have come to this, and he sends a state letter to Chengdu saying that Sima Zhao will soon usurp Wei and invade Wu and Shu, so both sides should each make preparations. In the Romance, Xue Xu's name appears only in this scene. Romance, Ch. 113 §23
The envoy to Shu: In Chapter 113 of the Romance, Xue Xu appears as the envoy who goes to Shu to return courtesies after Sun Chen is beheaded, and he reports to Sun Xiu on the state of Shu, where Huang Hao holds power. In Chen Shou's main text, neither Xue Zong's biography, nor the Biographies of the Three Successor Rulers, nor the Biographies of the Five Sons of the Lord of Wu mentions Xue Xu going to Shu as an envoy or his words about Huang Hao. Romance, Ch. 113 §22Records, Wu 8 §49Records, Wu 3 §61Records, Wu 14 §33
Offices and career: In the Romance, Xue Xu appears only as an envoy, and his offices and death are not recorded. In the Records, under Sun Hao he built the Pure Temple as Acting Court Architect, and he set out on the campaign against Jiaozhi as General Who Overawes the South and died of illness on the way back. Romance, Ch. 113 §22Records, Wu 14 §33Records, Wu 3 §61Records, Wu 8 §49
Written by 3KDEX (not yet reviewed) — The tags at the end of each paragraph link to the exact passage in the Records volume or Romance chapter it is based on.
The Records score (Chen Shou’s Records of the Three Kingdoms, main text) is the baseline. Each ability compares how the Romance redrew the same person, and the evidence from both sources explains the difference.
RNo direct record — estimated from his career up to General Who Overawes the SouthWu 8 §49
NAs envoy to Shu, saw Huang Hao's monopoly of power and the people's misery and foresaw its fallCh. 113 §22
RNo direct record — estimated from his career up to General Who Overawes the SouthWu 8 §49
NWent to Shu as Wu's envoy to return courtesies and reported backCh. 113 §22
RSet out on the campaign against Jiaozhi by the Jing Province route as General Who Overawes the SouthWu 3 §61Wu 8 §49
NNo direct record — estimated from his conduct as a Wu envoyCh. 113 §22
RNo direct record — estimated from his career up to General Who Overawes the SouthWu 8 §49
NNo direct record — estimated from his conduct as a Wu envoyCh. 113 §22
RTook charge of building the sleeping hall (Pure Temple) as Acting Court ArchitectWu 14 §33
NNo direct record — estimated from his conduct as a Wu envoyCh. 113 §22
RNo direct record — estimated from his career up to General Who Overawes the SouthWu 8 §49
NNo direct record — estimated from his conduct as a Wu envoyCh. 113 §22
RNo direct record — estimated from his career up to General Who Overawes the SouthWu 8 §49
NNo direct record — estimated from his conduct as a Wu envoyCh. 113 §22
RNo direct record — estimated from his career up to General Who Overawes the SouthWu 8 §49
NNo direct record — estimated from his conduct as a Wu envoyCh. 113 §22
RNo direct record — estimated from his career up to General Who Overawes the SouthWu 8 §49
NJudged Shu with the simile of swallows and sparrows nesting in a hallCh. 113 §22
RNo direct record — estimated from his career up to General Who Overawes the SouthWu 8 §49
NNo direct record — estimated from his conduct as a Wu envoyCh. 113 §22
RSkilled +10 Built the sleeping hall (Pure Temple) as Acting Court ArchitectWu 14 §33
Records Romance Unverified No direct record; scored from their actions (evidence grade C)
3KDEX scoring — the Records use the main text of Chen Shou’s Records of the Three Kingdoms; the Romance uses the 120-chapter Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Click a source tag to open that passage in the reader.
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Includes automatic matching from Wikipedia infoboxes and source keywords (unverified).