Rebellion · Coup
Jiao Province Campaign 交阯之亂
About this event
The Jiao Province Campaign was a rebellion on the southern frontier that began in the 5th month of the 6th year of Yong'an (263) in Wu, when Lü Xing (呂興) and other officials of Jiaozhi Commandery killed the Administrator Sun Xu (孫諝) and went over to Wei, and lasted until Wu recovered Jiaozhi in the 3rd year of Jianheng (271). The occasion was the inspectors Sun Xiu sent to Jiaozhi to carry off people and goods. Lü Xing asked Wei for an administrator and troops, and the two commanderies of Jiuzhen and Rinan also joined him. In the 3rd year of Baoding (268) Wu sent the Inspector of Jiao Province Liu Jun (劉俊) and others, but they were defeated by the Jin general Mao Jiong (毛炅) and others; in the 1st year of Jianheng (269) it again sent Yu Si, Xue Xu, Tao Huang (陶璜) and others to Hepu, and in the 3rd year (271) they broke Jiaozhi. Records, Wu 3 §42–44 · 60–61 · 63Records, Wei 4 §135
Chen Shou recorded this affair in two places, the Biographies of the Three Successor Rulers in Records of Wu 3 and the Annals of the Three Young Emperors in Records of Wei 4. The Wu side carries the origin of the rebellion and the two renewed campaigns, and the Wei side's edict the circumstances of Lü Xing's submission. It does not appear in the Romance. Records, Wu 3 §43 · 60–63Records, Wei 4 §135–138
Course of events in the Records
In the 5th year of Yong'an (262) Sun Xiu sent inspectors to Jiaozhi to requisition peacocks and great pigs. Before this, the Administrator of Jiaozhi Sun Xu had picked out over a thousand of the commandery's skilled craftsmen and sent them to Jianye, and when the inspectors arrived, Lü Xing and other officials of the commandery, fearing that more would be taken, seized the opportunity to stir up the soldiers and commoners and draw in the various tribes. In the 5th month of the 6th year of Yong'an (263) Lü Xing and the others rose in revolt and killed Sun Xu. That year, after Shu surrendered to Wei, Lü Xing sent an envoy to Wei to ask for an administrator and troops. Records, Wu 3 §42–44
An edict of Wei in the 9th month of the 1st year of Xianxi (264) records the affair from the Wei side. When Sun Xiu sent the envoy Deng Ju (鄧句) to have the Administrator of Jiaozhi send people in chains to be made soldiers, Lü Xing, riding the people's anger and the momentum of the Wei army's pacification of Ba and Shu, killed Deng Ju and the others and drove out the administrator and senior officials, and the two commanderies of Jiuzhen and Rinan responded with one heart. Lü Xing brought troops to the border of Hepu and sent the Commandant Tang Pu (唐譜) and others to Jincheng County to submit a memorial through Huo Yi, Area Commander of Nanzhong and Protector of the Army. Wei made Lü Xing Commissioner Bearing Credentials and General-in-Chief of Nanzhong and enfeoffed him as Marquis of Ding'an County, but before the patent of appointment arrived, Lü Xing was killed by his subordinates. Records, Wei 4 §134–138
In the 2nd year of Baoding (267), in a memorial remonstrating against Sun Hao's construction of a new palace, Hua He said that the two commanderies of Jiaozhi and Jiuzhen had already been lost, that Rinan was isolated and in danger, and that the people north of Hepu were all in turmoil. Lu Kai too, in a remonstrance to Sun Hao, said that the rebellion in Jiaozhi in the time of Emperor Jing (Sun Xiu) had arisen from the envoys sent by the court throwing the people into disorder. Records, Wu 20 §55 · 60Records, Wu 16 §46
In the 3rd year of Baoding (268) Wu sent the Inspector of Jiao Province Liu Jun, the Commander of the Front Division Xiu Ze and others to invade Jiaozhi, but they were crushed by the Jin general Mao Jiong and others and all killed, and their soldiers scattered and returned to Hepu. In the 11th month of the 1st year of Jianheng (269), Wu sent the Army Supervisor Yu Si, the General Who Overawes the South Xue Xu and the Administrator of Cangwu Tao Huang by way of Jing Province, and the Army Supervisor Li Xu (李勗) and the Army Commander Xu Cun (徐存) by the sea route from Jian'an, all to advance to Hepu and attack Jiaozhi. Li Xu, saying the Jian'an route was not passable, killed his guide general and turned his troops back, and the following year he and Xu Cun were executed together with their families. Records, Wu 3 §60–62
In the 3rd year of Jianheng (271) Yu Si and Tao Huang broke Jiaozhi and captured and killed the commanders Jin had installed, and Jiuzhen and Rinan both reverted to Wu. Wu divided Jiaozhi to create Xinchang Commandery, and its generals broke Fuyan and created Wuping Commandery. Xue Xu died of illness on the way back from the campaign against Jiaozhi. Records, Wu 3 §63Records, Wu 8 §49
Written by 3KDEX (not yet reviewed) — The tags at the end of each paragraph link to the exact passage in the Records volume or Romance chapter it is based on.
Belligerents
| Item | A | B |
|---|---|---|
| Factions | Jin, Wei | Wu |
| Commanders | Yu Si, Xue Xu |
Factions, commanders, strength and casualties are checked against the source texts (3KDEX). Strength and casualties show only figures stated in the sources. Source: Wu 3 §63