Sun Kai 孫闓

RecordsRomance Wu 손개孙闿

Profile
OccupationRNGeneral · Colonel of the ChangshuiFactionWu
AppearsRNBiography in
BornR? N? UnverifiedNative placeWu Commandery Fuchun County Unverified
DiedR259 N(same) UnverifiedPlace of death
Cause of deathRKilled NExecuted Unverified
ExistenceHistoricalMentionsR3

Profile

Sun Kai (孫闓) was the younger brother of Sun Chen, General-in-Chief of Wu. The Records give him no biography of his own; he appears three times in the account of Sun Chen in the Biographies of Zhuge Ke, Teng Yin, the Two Suns and Puyang Xing (Records of Wu 19). He was Colonel of the Changshui when Sun Chen, seeking to dominate the court, stationed his younger brothers separately in the various camps, and after Sun Xiu took the throne he was enfeoffed as a village marquis. Records, Wu 19 §87 · 96

In the 12th month of the 1st year of Yong'an (258; early 259 CE), when Sun Xiu beheaded Sun Chen at the La festival banquet, Sun Kai boarded a boat intending to go north and surrender, but he was pursued and killed. Chen Shou's main text does not record his courtesy name or age, and the assessment at the end of Records of Wu 19 names only Sun Jun and Sun Chen, calling them vicious petty men. Records, Wu 19 §99–101 · 109

In the Romance he appears only in Chapter 113, 1 of its 120 chapters, and his name is in no chapter title. He is named as the Colonel of the Changshui, one of those whom Sun Chen stationed separately in the various camps. Romance, Ch. 113 §4

In the Records

Sun Chen, courtesy name Zitong, shared a grandfather with Sun Jun. When Sun Jun died, Sun Chen, as Palace Attendant and General of the Martial Guard, took command of all the forces inside and outside the capital and ran the government of the court; he was later promoted to General-in-Chief, given the Staff of Authority and enfeoffed as Marquis of Yongning. Records, Wu 19 §79 · 83

When Sun Liang first took personal charge of government and questioned him more and more, Sun Chen became very afraid. Returning to Jianye, he pleaded illness and did not attend court, built a residence south of the Zhuque Bridge, placed his younger brother Sun Ju, General Who Awes the Distant, in the Canglong Gate on guard duty, and stationed his younger brothers Sun En, General of the Martial Guard, Sun Gan, Lieutenant General, and Sun Kai, Colonel of the Changshui, separately in the various camps, seeking to dominate the court and secure his own position. Records, Wu 19 §87

Sun Chen deposed Sun Liang and received and enthroned Sun Xiu, Prince of Langya. Once on the throne, Sun Xiu issued an edict making Sun Chen Chancellor and Governor of Jing Province with five counties as his fief. Sun En became Imperial Counsellor and General of the Guards and Sun Ju General of the Right, both county marquises; Sun Gan became a general with a miscellaneous title and a village marquis, and Sun Kai too was enfeoffed as a village marquis. Chen Shou wrote that five men of Sun Chen's one family became lords and all commanded the palace troops, so that their power overshadowed the sovereign, something never before seen among the ministers of the Wu court. Records, Wu 19 §88 · 90 · 95–96

When Sun Chen spoke resentfully to the General of the Left Zhang Bu, Zhang Bu reported it to Sun Xiu, and later the general Wei Miao and the soldier Shi Shuo also reported that Sun Chen was planning to rebel. When Sun Xiu asked Zhang Bu in secret, Zhang Bu plotted with Ding Feng to kill Sun Chen at a banquet. At the La festival banquet on the wuchen day of the 12th month of the 1st year of Yong'an (258; early 259 CE), Ding Feng and Zhang Bu signaled to the attendants to bind Sun Chen, and Sun Xiu beheaded him. Holding up Sun Chen's head, they proclaimed that all who had plotted with him were pardoned, and five thousand men laid down their arms. Records, Wu 19 §97–101

Sun Kai boarded a boat intending to go north and surrender, but he was pursued and killed. Sun Chen's three sets of kin were then exterminated, and because Sun Jun had killed Sun Luyu and others, Sun Jun's coffin was dug up, his seal and ribbon taken away, and the coffin hacked down and reburied. Records, Wu 19 §101

These three passages are the only places in Chen Shou's main text where Sun Kai's name appears, and his courtesy name, age and other deeds are not recorded. The assessment at the end of Records of Wu 19 called Sun Jun and Sun Chen vicious petty men brimming with arrogance, not worth discussing at all, and did not assess Sun Kai separately. Records, Wu 19 §87 · 96 · 101 · 109

In the Romance

In Chapter 113 of the Romance, Sun Liang, ruler of Wu, is clever enough to expose a eunuch's guilt from mouse droppings in honey, but he is held in the grip of Sun Chen and cannot make decisions himself. Sun Chen places his younger brother Sun Ju, General Who Awes the Distant, in the Canglong Gate on guard duty, and has Sun En, General of the Martial Guard, Sun Gan, Lieutenant General, and Sun Kai, Colonel of the Changshui, station themselves separately in the various camps. Romance, Ch. 113 §3–4

When Sun Liang gives a secret edict to Quan Ji, the empress's kinsman, to move against Sun Chen, Quan Shang's wife, Sun Chen's sister, informs Sun Chen. That very night Sun Chen calls his four brothers, musters elite troops, surrounds the palace and deposes Sun Liang, making him Prince of Kuaiji. The Romance does not name the brothers in this scene. Sun Xiu, once on the throne, enfeoffs Sun Chen as Chancellor and Governor of Jing Province, and five marquises come from Sun Chen's one family, all in charge of the palace troops. Romance, Ch. 113 §5–7 · 10 · 13–14

In the 12th month, in winter, following Ding Feng's plan, Sun Xiu summons Sun Chen to the La festival banquet and has the General of the Left Zhang Bu seize and behead him. Before going to the banquet, Sun Chen had said that since he and his brothers commanded the palace troops together, who would dare come near him? When Ding Feng, Wei Miao, Shi Shuo and others bring in Sun Chen's captured brothers, Sun Xiu has every one of them beheaded in the marketplace and exterminates his three sets of kin. In the Romance, Sun Kai's name appears only in the passage about the stationing in the various camps. Romance, Ch. 113 §4 · 15 · 17 · 19–21

Where the Romance differs

Rank: In the Records, after Sun Xiu took the throne, Sun Kai too was enfeoffed as a village marquis. Chapter 113 of the Romance says only that five marquises came from Sun Chen's one family and does not state Sun Kai's rank. Records, Wu 19 §96Romance, Ch. 113 §14

Death: In Chapter 113 of the Romance, after Sun Chen is beheaded, Ding Feng, Wei Miao, Shi Shuo and others bring in Sun Chen's captured brothers, and Sun Xiu has them all beheaded in the marketplace. In the Records, after those who had plotted with Sun Chen were pardoned, Sun Kai boarded a boat intending to go north and surrender, and he was pursued and killed. Romance, Ch. 113 §21Records, Wu 19 §100–101

Written by 3KDEX (not yet reviewed) — The tags at the end of each paragraph link to the exact passage in the Records volume or Romance chapter it is based on.

Abilities

The Records score (Chen Shou’s Records of the Three Kingdoms, main text) is the baseline. Each ability compares how the Romance redrew the same person, and the evidence from both sources explains the difference.

LEASTRINTPOLCHAVIRADPSCHDIPDIS
Records (solid) vs Romance (dashed)
  • LEA4845−3
  • STR4040±0
  • INT3535±0
  • POL3533−2
  • CHA3535±0
  • VIR3038+8
  • ADP3240+8
  • SCH3131±0
  • DIP3535±0
  • DIS3333±0
Records · Romance scores and difference (Romance − Records · left = lowered by the Romance · right = raised)

Abilities shaped by the Romance — where it differs from the Records Differences of 10 or more

No ability differs by 10 or more — the Romance portrays this person much as the Records do.

10 similar abilities — show evidence
  • LeadershipR48N45 −3

    RAs Colonel of the Changshui he was stationed in a camp and commanded palace troopsWu 19 §87Wu 19 §96

    NAs Colonel of the Changshui he was stationed separately in the camps on Sun Chen's ordersCh. 113 §4

  • StrengthR40UnverifiedN40Unverified ±0

    RNo direct record — estimated from his role as a general of Sun Chen's clanWu 19 §87

    NNo direct record — estimated from his role as a general of Sun Chen's clanCh. 113 §4

  • IntelligenceR35UnverifiedN35Unverified ±0

    RNo direct record — estimated from his role as a general of Sun Chen's clanWu 19 §87

    NNo direct record — estimated from his role as a general of Sun Chen's clanCh. 113 §4

  • PoliticsR35UnverifiedN33Unverified −2

    RNo direct record — estimated from his role as a general of Sun Chen's clanWu 19 §87

    NNo direct record — estimated from his role as a general of Sun Chen's clanCh. 113 §4

  • CharismaR35UnverifiedN35Unverified ±0

    RNo direct record — estimated from his role as a general of Sun Chen's clanWu 19 §87

    NNo direct record — estimated from his role as a general of Sun Chen's clanCh. 113 §4

  • VirtueR30N38Unverified +8

    RAs one of Sun Chen's clan he took charge of a share of the camps and dominated the courtWu 19 §87Wu 19 §96

    NNo direct record — estimated from his role as a general of Sun Chen's clanCh. 113 §4

  • AdaptabilityR32N40Unverified +8

    RAfter Sun Chen's fall he tried to flee north by boat to surrender, but was pursued and killedWu 19 §101

    NNo direct record — estimated from his role as a general of Sun Chen's clanCh. 113 §4

  • ScholarshipR31UnverifiedN31Unverified ±0

    RNo direct record — estimated from his role as a general of Sun Chen's clanWu 19 §87

    NNo direct record — estimated from his role as a general of Sun Chen's clanCh. 113 §4

  • DiplomacyR35UnverifiedN35Unverified ±0

    RNo direct record — estimated from his role as a general of Sun Chen's clanWu 19 §87

    NNo direct record — estimated from his role as a general of Sun Chen's clanCh. 113 §4

  • DiscernmentR33UnverifiedN33Unverified ±0

    RNo direct record — estimated from his role as a general of Sun Chen's clanWu 19 §87

    NNo direct record — estimated from his role as a general of Sun Chen's clanCh. 113 §4

Records Romance Unverified No direct record; scored from their actions (evidence grade C)

3KDEX scoring — the Records use the main text of Chen Shou’s Records of the Three Kingdoms; the Romance uses the 120-chapter Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Click a source tag to open that passage in the reader.

Romance chapters (1)

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