RRemonstrated with Liu Biao and, when not heeded, withdrew for goodWei 6 §84
NLed the soldiers and people of Jing Province to surrender to Cao Cao without a fightCh. 42 §26
Deng Yi 鄧義
| Occupation | ROfficial · Palace Attendant NOfficial · Headquarters Officer | Faction | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Appears | RN | Biography in | |
| Born | Native place | Nanyang Commandery Zhangling County | |
| Existence | Historical | Mentions | R3 |
Profile
Deng Yi served as Headquarters Officer under Liu Biao, Governor of Jing Province. He has no biography of his own in the Records; he appears twice under the name Deng Xi (鄧羲) in the passage on Liu Biao in the Biographies of Dong Zhuo, the Two Yuans and Liu Biao (Records of Wei 6), and once as Deng Yi in the Annals of Emperor Wu (Records of Wei 1). When he remonstrated with Liu Biao and was not heeded, he withdrew on the pretext of illness and did not come forward again as long as Liu Biao lived; in the 13th year of Jian'an (208), after Cao Cao gained Jing Province, he was summoned to office and became Palace Attendant. Records, Wei 6 §84 · 94Records, Wei 1 §104
Chen Shou's main text does not record his courtesy name, his origins or his death, nor does he assess him. In the Romance he first appears in Chapter 40 as the Headquarters Officer whom the Cai clan, having set up Liu Cong, charge with holding Jing Province, and appears in 2 of its 120 chapters, with no chapter title bearing his name. In Chapter 42, together with the Attendant Officer with Separate Carriage Liu Xian (劉先), he leads the soldiers and people of Jing Province in surrendering to Cao Cao. Records, Wei 6 §84Romance, Ch. 40 §18Romance, Ch. 42 §26
In the Records
Liu Biao was appointed General Who Guards the South and Governor of Jing Province and enfeoffed as Marquis of Chengwu by Li Jue and Guo Si. When the Son of Heaven made Xu his capital, Liu Biao sent envoys with tribute but allied himself with Yuan Shao in the north. The Biography of Liu Biao goes on to record that the Headquarters Officer Deng Xi (Deng Yi) remonstrated with Liu Biao, and when Liu Biao would not listen, Deng Xi withdrew on the pretext of illness and did not come forward again as long as Liu Biao lived. Chen Shou's main text does not reveal what the remonstrance was. Records, Wei 6 §83–84
In the 7th month, in autumn, of the 13th year of Jian'an (208), Cao Cao set out south to attack Liu Biao; in the 8th month Liu Biao died and his son Liu Cong succeeded him. In the 9th month, when Cao Cao reached Xinye, Liu Cong surrendered. Cao Cao advanced to Jiangling and issued an order to the officials and people of Jing Province declaring that he would make a fresh start with them; he rewarded the merit of Jing Province's submission by enfeoffing fifteen men as marquises, and summoned to office Han Song, Deng Yi and other eminent men of Jing Province. Records, Wei 1 §104
According to the Biography of Liu Biao, Cao Cao made Liu Cong Inspector of Qing Province and enfeoffed him as a full marquis, and fifteen men, Kuai Yue among them, were enfeoffed as marquises. Kuai Yue became Superintendent of the Imperial Household, Han Song Grand Herald, Deng Xi Palace Attendant and Liu Xian (劉先) Prefect of the Masters of Writing, and most of the rest also reached high office. Records, Wei 6 §94
Chen Shou's main text does not record Deng Yi's courtesy name, his origins, his career after becoming Palace Attendant or his death, and there is no assessment of him. Records, Wei 6 §84 · 94Records, Wei 1 §104
In the Romance
In Chapter 40 of the Romance, after Liu Biao's death, Cai Mao has the staff officer Li Gui, who had proposed making Liu Qi lord of Jing Province, dragged out and beheaded, and sets up Liu Cong as lord. The Cai clan divide command of the troops of Jing Province among themselves and have the Headquarters Officer Deng Yi and the Attendant Officer with Separate Carriage Liu Xian (劉先) hold Jing Province. Lady Cai herself goes with Liu Cong to Xiangyang and stations herself there to guard against Liu Qi and Liu Bei. Romance, Ch. 40 §17–18
In Chapter 42, seeing Guan Yu lead out troops to block him on the land route, Cao Cao suspects an ambush and does not pursue, and fearing that Liu Bei will seize Jiangling first, he hurries to Jiangling through the night. Jing Province's Headquarters Officer Deng Yi and Attendant Officer with Separate Carriage Liu Xian already know all that has happened at Xiangyang, and judging that they cannot withstand Cao Cao, they lead the soldiers and people of Jing Province out beyond the city walls and surrender. Cao Cao enters the city and settles the people, then releases the imprisoned Han Song and makes him Grand Herald, and the other officials each receive titles and rewards. Romance, Ch. 42 §26–27
Where the Romance differs
Withdrawal: In the Biography of Liu Biao in the Records, when his remonstrance was not accepted, Deng Yi withdrew on the pretext of illness and did not come forward again as long as Liu Biao lived. The Romance has neither the remonstrance nor the withdrawal; in Chapter 40, after Liu Biao's death, the Cai clan have the Headquarters Officer Deng Yi hold Jing Province. Romance, Ch. 40 §18Records, Wei 6 §84
The surrender: In Chapter 42 of the Romance, Deng Yi and Liu Xian (劉先) lead the soldiers and people of Jing Province out of the city and surrender to Cao Cao. In the Records, Liu Cong surrendered with the whole province, and Cao Cao, after advancing to Jiangling, summoned to office Han Song, Deng Yi and other eminent men of Jing Province. There is no mention of Deng Yi leading out the soldiers and people to surrender. Romance, Ch. 42 §26Records, Wei 6 §93Records, Wei 1 §104
Office after the surrender: Chapter 42 of the Romance says only that Han Song was made Grand Herald and that the other officials each received titles and rewards, and does not record Deng Yi's office. In the Biography of Liu Biao in the Records, Deng Yi became Palace Attendant. Romance, Ch. 42 §26–27Records, Wei 6 §94
Written by 3KDEX (not yet reviewed) — The tags at the end of each paragraph link to the exact passage in the Records volume or Romance chapter it is based on.
Abilities
The Records score (Chen Shou’s Records of the Three Kingdoms, main text) is the baseline. Each ability compares how the Romance redrew the same person, and the evidence from both sources explains the difference.
Records total444 / 1000Rank 392 of 996 · Top 40%Romance total392 / 1000Rank 576 of 1,113 · Top 52%
Romance adaptation index−52Romance total − Records total
- LEA3135+4
- STR3131±0
- INT4542−3
- POL5245−7
- CHA4038−2
- VIR6238−24
- ADP5852−6
- SCH4238−4
- DIP4538−7
- DIS3835−3
Abilities shaped by the Romance — where it differs from the Records Differences of 10 or more
9 similar abilities — show evidence
RNo direct record — estimated from his career as a civil officialWei 6 §84
NNo direct record — estimated from his being charged with holding Jing ProvinceCh. 40 §18
RNo direct record — estimated from his career as a civil officialWei 6 §84
NNo direct record — estimated from his career as a civil officialCh. 40 §18
RNo direct record — estimated from his remonstranceWei 6 §84
NJudged that Cao Cao could not be withstoodCh. 42 §26
RServed as Liu Biao's Headquarters Officer and rose to Palace Attendant under Cao CaoWei 6 §84Wei 6 §94
NAs Headquarters Officer, held Jing Province together with the Attendant Officer with Separate Carriage Liu XianCh. 40 §18
RNo direct record — estimated from his careerWei 6 §84
NNo direct record — estimated from his careerCh. 40 §18
RWithdrew on the pretext of illness and stayed away as long as Liu Biao livedWei 6 §84
NLearning what had happened at Xiangyang, came out of the city and surrenderedCh. 42 §26
RNo direct record — estimated from his posts as Headquarters Officer and Palace AttendantWei 6 §84
NNo direct record — estimated from his post as Headquarters OfficerCh. 40 §18
RRemonstrated with Liu Biao but was not heededWei 6 §84
NNo direct record — estimated from his careerCh. 42 §26
RNo direct record — estimated from his careerWei 6 §84
NNo direct record — estimated from his careerCh. 40 §18
Records Romance Unverified No direct record; scored from their actions (evidence grade C)
3KDEX scoring — the Records use the main text of Chen Shou’s Records of the Three Kingdoms; the Romance uses the 120-chapter Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Click a source tag to open that passage in the reader.
Romance chapters (2)
AppearsNot present Chapter list →