RNo direct record — estimated from his being the eldest son of a warrior's houseShu 6 §23
NKilled Xie Jing, Xia Xun and Xue ZeCh. 82 §28Ch. 83 §12Ch. 92 §20
| Occupation | NGeneral · General of the Tiger's Wings | Faction | Shu |
|---|---|---|---|
| Appears | RN | Biography in | |
| Born | N? Unverified | Native place | Zhuo Commandery Unverified |
| Died | N229 Unverified | Place of death | |
| Existence | Historical | Mentions | R1 |
Zhang Bao was the eldest son of Zhang Fei. He has no biography of his own in the Records; all that remains is a single line at the end of the Biography of Zhang Fei saying, 'His eldest son Zhang Bao died young,' and a record that his son Zhang Zun became Master of Writing and died fighting Deng Ai at Mianzhu in the following of Zhuge Zhan. Zhang Fei's line was continued by his second son, Zhang Shao. Records, Shu 6 §23
Chen Shou's assessment does not treat him separately. In the Romance he first appeared in Chapter 81 as the eldest son who, on Wu Ban's instructions, prepared a coffin to receive Zhang Fei's body after his death and went to inform Liu Bei, and he featured in 15 of its 120 chapters, though his name never appeared in a chapter title. He swore brotherhood with Guan Xing and fought again and again in Liu Bei's campaign against Wu and in Zhuge Liang's northern expeditions; in Chapter 99, while pursuing the enemy, he fell with his horse into a mountain stream and injured his head, and after he was sent back to Chengdu, word came that he had died. Records, Shu 6 §44Romance, Ch. 81 §19 · 37Romance, Ch. 99 §7 · 34
In the 6th month of the 1st year of Zhangwu (221), the General of Chariots and Cavalry Zhang Fei was killed by those around him. According to the Biography of Zhang Fei, when the First Sovereign campaigned against Wu, Zhang Fei was to lead ten thousand troops out from Langzhong and join him at Jiangzhou, but as he was about to set out, Zhang Da and Fan Jiang, officers of his own headquarters, killed him and fled downriver with his head to Sun Quan. The area commander of Zhang Fei's camp sent up a memorial reporting this to the First Sovereign, and Zhang Fei was posthumously titled Marquis Huan. Records, Shu 2 §68Records, Shu 6 §22–23
Zhang Fei's eldest son Zhang Bao died young. His second son Zhang Shao succeeded him and rose to Palace Attendant and Supervisor of the Imperial Secretariat. Zhang Bao's son Zhang Zun became Master of Writing and died fighting Deng Ai at Mianzhu in the following of Zhuge Zhan. The Records do not record Zhang Bao's courtesy name, the years of his birth and death, or any office he held. Records, Shu 6 §23
Chen Shou's assessment discusses only Guan Yu, Zhang Fei, Ma Chao, Huang Zhong and Zhao Yun, and does not treat Zhang Bao separately. Records, Shu 6 §44
In Chapter 81 of the Romance, when Zhang Fei was killed by Fan Jiang and Zhang Da, Zhang Fei's lieutenant Wu Ban had the eldest son Zhang Bao receive the body and the younger son Zhang Shao guard Langzhong, and then sent Zhang Bao in person to inform Liu Bei. Zhang Bao came in a white robe and silver armor, prostrated himself and wept, and when asked whether he would take the vanguard and avenge his father, he replied that he would not shrink from ten thousand deaths. Contending with Guan Xing for the vanguard's seal, he hit a red target a hundred paces away with three arrows, and he was about to clash with him, wielding his eighteen-foot steel-pointed spear, when Liu Bei rebuked them. Since Zhang Bao was a year older than Guan Xing, Liu Bei had Guan Xing serve him as his elder brother, and the two broke an arrow to seal their oath. Romance, Ch. 81 §19 · 23–24 · 33–37
In Chapter 82 he went out with Guan Xing to attack Sun Huan, drove back Xie Jing and fought Li Yi, and when his horse was brought down by an arrow secretly shot by Tan Xiong and he was in danger, Guan Xing cut Li Yi down and saved him. The next day he ran Xie Jing through with his spear and killed him, beheaded Tan Xiong, whom Guan Xing had captured and brought back, offering the head in sacrifice to his dead horse, and took Cui Yu alive in a single bout. In the battle of Xiaoting in Chapter 83 he speared the Wu lieutenant Xia Xun off his horse, and Liu Bei sighed, 'A tiger father has no dog for a son!' When Wu sent back Fan Jiang and Zhang Da in confinement together with Zhang Fei's head, Zhang Bao took up a blade himself, put the two to death by slow slicing and offered sacrifice to his father's spirit. Romance, Ch. 82 §25–30 · 36Romance, Ch. 83 §11–12 · 30–31
During Lu Xun's fire attack in Chapter 84, he broke through the encirclement layer upon layer to rescue Liu Bei, and together with Fu Tong held the mouth of Ma'an Mountain to the death. As he escorted Liu Bei down the mountain, his way was blocked by Zhu Ran's troops, and he and Guan Xing were badly wounded. Romance, Ch. 84 §25–28
In the order of battle for the northern expedition in Chapter 91, Zhang Bao, as General of the Tiger's Wings (huyi jiangjun), became Right Guard Commander before the Tent. In Chapter 92 he came with 5,000 troops to Zhao Yun, who was surrounded by the Wei army, killed the Wei general Xue Ze, who was blocking the way, and rescued him, and at Nan'an he speared off his horse Cui Liang, who had tried to counter a stratagem with a stratagem. In Chapter 94 he told Guan Xing that when he was being chased by the iron-chariot troops of the Qiang, Guan Yu had come down from the sky, driven the Qiang troops back and told him to go and save Guan Xing. In Chapter 95, after Jieting was lost, he raised a banner reading 'Right Guard Commander, General of the Tiger's Wings Zhang Bao' and, on the byways of Mount Wugong, made Sima Yi withdraw with nothing but drums and battle cries. Romance, Ch. 91 §43Romance, Ch. 92 §19–20 · 40–41Romance, Ch. 94 §11Romance, Ch. 95 §38 · 50–51
In the fighting of the 7th year of Jianxing (229) in Chapter 99, he and Guan Xing defeated Guo Huai and Sun Li, and while pursuing the two as they fled climbing up the mountain, he tumbled with his horse into a mountain stream and split his head. Zhuge Liang sent him back to Chengdu to recover, and when word later came from Chengdu that Zhang Bao had died, Zhuge Liang wept aloud, vomited blood and collapsed, and from then on he fell ill. Romance, Ch. 99 §1 · 5–7 · 34–35
Who reported Zhang Fei's death: In Chapter 81 of the Romance, Wu Ban sent up a memorial and had Zhang Bao receive the body, after which Zhang Bao came to Liu Bei in person and reported that Fan Jiang and Zhang Da had killed his father. In the Records, the area commander of Zhang Fei's camp sent up a memorial reporting it to the First Sovereign, and nothing is said of Zhang Bao going to report it. Romance, Ch. 81 §19 · 23Records, Shu 6 §23
Fan Jiang and Zhang Da: In Chapter 83 of the Romance, Wu sent back Fan Jiang and Zhang Da in confinement together with Zhang Fei's head, and Zhang Bao put the two to death by slow slicing. The Biography of Zhang Fei in the Records says only that the two fled to Sun Quan with Zhang Fei's head, and does not record what happened to them afterward. Romance, Ch. 83 §30–31Records, Shu 6 §23
The fight with Sun Huan: In Chapter 82 of the Romance, Zhang Bao and Guan Xing defeated Sun Huan's army, Guan Xing cutting down Li Yi and Zhang Bao spearing Xie Jing to death. In the Biography of the First Sovereign in the Records, the generals Wu Ban and Feng Xi defeated Li Yi and others at Wu County, and Li Yi was still pursuing the First Sovereign's army as a general of Wu after the battle of Xiaoting. Romance, Ch. 82 §27–28Records, Shu 2 §69 · 71
Xiaoting and Ma'an Mountain: In Chapters 83 and 84 of the Romance, Zhang Bao speared Xia Xun off his horse at Xiaoting and protected Liu Bei at Ma'an Mountain. Zhang Bao does not appear in the battle of Xiaoting in the Biography of the First Sovereign in the Records, which states that Lu Yi (Lu Xun) inflicted a crushing defeat on the First Sovereign's army at Xiaoting and that Feng Xi and others were killed in battle. Romance, Ch. 83 §11–12Romance, Ch. 84 §25–26Records, Shu 2 §70–71
Office: In Chapter 91 of the Romance, Zhang Bao served as Right Guard Commander before the Tent with the rank of General of the Tiger's Wings. The Records do not record any office held by Zhang Bao. Romance, Ch. 91 §43Records, Shu 6 §23
The northern expeditions: In Chapters 92 to 99 of the Romance, Zhang Bao fought again and again in Zhuge Liang's northern expeditions, rescuing Zhao Yun and alarming Sima Yi among other deeds. The Records have no record of Zhang Bao going into battle, and the Biography of Zhang Fei says only that he died young. Romance, Ch. 92 §19–20Romance, Ch. 95 §50Records, Shu 6 §23
Death: In Chapter 99 of the Romance, in the 7th year of Jianxing (229), he fell into a mountain stream while pursuing Guo Huai and Sun Li and split his head, and after he was sent back to Chengdu, word came that he had died. The Records say only that he 'died young', giving neither the year nor the cause. Romance, Ch. 99 §1 · 7 · 34Records, Shu 6 §23
His son Zhang Zun: In the Records, Zhang Bao's son Zhang Zun became Master of Writing and died fighting Deng Ai at Mianzhu in the following of Zhuge Zhan. In Chapter 117 of the Romance, the Master of Writing Zhang Zun also died fighting at Mianzhu, but nothing is said of his being Zhang Bao's son. Records, Shu 6 §23Romance, Ch. 117 §43 · 47
Written by 3KDEX (not yet reviewed) — The tags at the end of each paragraph link to the exact passage in the Records volume or Romance chapter it is based on.
The Records score (Chen Shou’s Records of the Three Kingdoms, main text) is the baseline. Each ability compares how the Romance redrew the same person, and the evidence from both sources explains the difference.
RNo direct record — estimated from his being the eldest son of a warrior's houseShu 6 §23
NKilled Xie Jing, Xia Xun and Xue ZeCh. 82 §28Ch. 83 §12Ch. 92 §20
RNo direct record — only a single line saying he was Zhang Fei's eldest son and died youngShu 6 §23
NRescued the besieged Zhao Yun with 5,000 men, and with 3,000 circled the mountains to chase off Sima YiCh. 92 §20Ch. 95 §59
RNo direct record — estimated from the family record of his son Zhang Zun dying in battle at MianzhuShu 6 §23
NWould not shrink from ten thousand deaths for his state and his father, but was also rebuked for quarreling with Guan XingCh. 81 §24Ch. 82 §29Ch. 81 §36
RNo direct record — only a single line saying he died youngShu 6 §23
NNo direct record — estimated from the record of Kongming weeping aloud at his deathCh. 99 §34
RNo direct record — only a single line saying he died youngShu 6 §23
NNo direct record — estimated from his role as a guard commanderCh. 91 §43
RNo direct record — only a single line saying he died youngShu 6 §23
NIn a fit of anger tried to fight Guan Xing, and tumbled down while pursuing recklesslyCh. 99 §7Ch. 81 §35
RNo direct record — only a single line saying he died youngShu 6 §23
NNo direct record — estimated from his saying he had trained only in martial arts from his youthCh. 81 §33
RNo direct record — only a single line saying he died youngShu 6 §23
NNo direct record — estimated from his deeds as a warriorCh. 82 §25
RNo direct record — only a single line saying he died youngShu 6 §23
NNo direct record — estimated from his deeds as a warriorCh. 81 §33
NSkilled +10 Hit a red target a hundred paces away with three arrows in a rowCh. 81 §33Ch. 81 §34
Records Romance Unverified No direct record; scored from their actions (evidence grade C)
3KDEX scoring — the Records use the main text of Chen Shou’s Records of the Three Kingdoms; the Romance uses the 120-chapter Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Click a source tag to open that passage in the reader.
AppearsNot present Chapter list →
| Parents | Zhang Fei Novel & History |
|---|---|
| Siblings | Zhang Shao Romance |
Based on Wikidata items for the historical and Romance figures. Relations without the Unverified badge were also confirmed in the Records.
Includes automatic matching from Wikipedia infoboxes and source keywords (unverified).
Ownership and authorship assigned by 3KDEX from source sentences — not yet reviewed (unverified).