Xin Ping 辛評

RecordsRomance Courtesy name 仲治 Zhongzhi신평중치辛评

Profile
OccupationRNStrategistFaction
AppearsRNBiography in
BornNative placeYingchuan Commandery
DiedPlace of deathNNanpi County
Cause of deathNNatural death Unverified
ExistenceHistoricalMentionsR6

Profile

Xin Ping was an adviser who served Yuan Shao. He came from the same Yingchuan Commandery as Xun Yu, and when Xun Yu went to Yuan Shao, Xin Ping had already been employed by Yuan Shao together with Guo Tu; his younger brother Xin Pi also followed him in serving Yuan Shao. Records, Wei 10 §2 · 4Records, Wei 25 §2

After Yuan Shao's death he and Guo Tu sided with the eldest son Yuan Tan, but Shen Pei and Feng Ji of Yuan Shang's faction set up Yuan Shang, using Yuan Shao's long-held intention as their pretext. Chen Shou's main text has no separate biography of him and records neither his later deeds nor his death. Records, Wei 6 §60 · 67

In the Romance he first appears in Chapter 7 as an adviser to Han Fu and appears in 4 of the 120 chapters, though his name does not appear in any chapter title. In Chapter 33 he meets Cao Cao as Yuan Tan's envoy of surrender and returns, and when Yuan Tan rebukes him for harbouring a divided heart, he collapses and dies. Romance, Ch. 7 §4Romance, Ch. 33 §16–17

In the Records

Xin Ping has no separate biography in the Records. In Chen Shou's main text his name appears four times in all, in the biographies of Xun Yu, Xin Pi and Guo Jia and in the biography of Yuan Shao (Biographies of Dong Zhuo, the Two Yuans and Liu Biao, Records of Wei 6). Records, Wei 10 §4Records, Wei 25 §2Records, Wei 14 §31Records, Wei 6 §60

Xun Yu was a man of Yingyin County in Yingchuan Commandery. When Xun Yu led his clan to Ji Province, Yuan Shao had already seized Han Fu's position, and he treated Xun Yu with the courtesy due to an honoured guest. At this time Xun Yu's younger brother Xun Chen and Xin Ping and Guo Tu of the same commandery had all been employed by Yuan Shao. Judging that Yuan Shao would never accomplish anything great, Xun Yu left him in the 2nd year of Chuping (191) and followed Cao Cao. Records, Wei 10 §2 · 3–4

Xin Pi's biography records that Xin Pi was a man of Yangdi County in Yingchuan Commandery, and that his ancestors had moved east from Longxi during the Jianwu era. Xin Pi followed his elder brother Xin Ping in serving Yuan Shao; when Cao Cao became Minister of Works he summoned Xin Pi, but Xin Pi could not answer the summons. Records, Wei 25 §2

When Guo Jia first went north and met Yuan Shao, he said this to Yuan Shao's advisers Xin Ping and Guo Tu: 'A wise man is careful in assessing his lord, and so in a hundred undertakings he is a hundred times secure and can establish merit and fame. Lord Yuan merely wishes to imitate the Duke of Zhou's humbling himself before scholars, but does not know the key to employing men. He has many lines of approach but few essentials, and loves scheming but lacks decision; to try to rescue the realm from its great difficulties and establish the enterprise of a hegemon-king together with him would be hard.' Guo Jia then left Yuan Shao. Records, Wei 14 §31

After his army's defeat Yuan Shao fell ill, and in the 7th year of Jian'an (202) he died of anxiety. Yuan Shao loved his youngest son Yuan Shang and wished to make him his heir, but had not yet made this known. Shen Pei and Feng Ji contended for power with Xin Ping and Guo Tu; Shen Pei and Feng Ji attached themselves to Yuan Shang, and Xin Ping and Guo Tu to Yuan Tan. Most people wished to set up Yuan Tan because he was the eldest, but Shen Pei and the others, fearing that if Yuan Tan were set up Xin Ping and his associates would harm them, used Yuan Shao's long-held intention as a pretext and installed Yuan Shang as Yuan Shao's successor. When Yuan Tan arrived and could not be set up, he styled himself General of Chariots and Cavalry, and from this a rift arose between Yuan Tan and Yuan Shang. Records, Wei 6 §58 · 60

Later, when Yuan Tan and Yuan Shang attacked each other and Yuan Tan fled to Pingyuan, Yuan Tan sent Xin Ping's younger brother Xin Pi to Cao Cao to ask for help. After this Xin Ping's name no longer appears in Chen Shou's main text. He is also absent from the passage in which Cao Cao took Nanpi in the 1st month of the 10th year of Jian'an (205) and beheaded Yuan Tan, Guo Tu and others, and his death is not recorded. Records, Wei 6 §62 · 67Records, Wei 25 §2

In the Romance

In Chapter 7 of the Romance, Yuan Shao sends a letter to Gongsun Zan proposing that they attack Ji Province together and divide its land equally, and then has someone secretly inform Han Fu. Han Fu hastily gathers his two advisers Xun Chen and Xin Ping to discuss the matter, and when Xun Chen urges him to invite Yuan Shao to govern the province's affairs together with him, he sends his Attendant Officer with Separate Carriage Guan Chun to invite Yuan Shao. What Xin Ping said at this meeting is not recorded. Romance, Ch. 7 §3–5

In Chapter 31, Yuan Shao, having returned to Ji Province after his defeat at Guandu, is urged by his wife Lady Liu to make Yuan Shang his heir, and he consults four men: Shen Pei, Feng Ji, Xin Ping and Guo Tu. The Romance records that Shen Pei and Feng Ji had always supported Yuan Shang while Xin Ping and Guo Tu supported Yuan Tan, each of the four working for his own master. When Guo Tu says that setting aside the eldest to set up a younger son would sow the seeds of disorder, Yuan Shao hesitates and cannot decide. After the defeat at Cangting, Yuan Shao has Xin Ping and Guo Tu hurry to Qing Province with Yuan Tan to put the army in order. Romance, Ch. 31 §7–9 · 20

In Chapter 32, Yuan Tan, who has already raised troops and left Qing Province, learns that his father Yuan Shao has died and consults Guo Tu and Xin Ping. When Guo Tu says they must go quickly, Xin Ping says, 'Shen Pei and Feng Ji must have settled their plans in advance; if you hurry there now, you will surely meet with disaster.' After Cao Cao's army withdraws, Yuan Tan again consults Guo Tu and Xin Ping, saying that he resents not having succeeded to his father's enterprise although he is the eldest son, and Guo Tu proposes a plan to invite Yuan Shang and Shen Pei to a banquet and kill them. When Yuan Tan is besieged at Pingyuan by Yuan Shang, Guo Tu proposes sending an envoy to Cao Cao and recommends 'Xin Ping's younger brother Xin Pi' as the envoy. Romance, Ch. 32 §6 · 16 · 20–21

In Chapter 33, Yuan Tan, defeated by Cao Cao, falls back to Nanpi and is surrounded on all sides; in alarm he sends Xin Ping to Cao Cao to arrange his surrender. Cao Cao says that Yuan Tan is fickle and inconstant and hard to trust, and that since he already holds Xin Ping's younger brother Xin Pi in high regard, Xin Ping too should stay with him. Xin Ping replies, 'It is said that when the lord is honoured the minister is glorified, and when the lord is in distress the minister is disgraced. I have long served the Yuan family; how could I turn my back on them?' Cao Cao, knowing he cannot keep him, sends him back. Romance, Ch. 33 §16

When Xin Ping returns and reports that Cao Cao will not accept the surrender, Yuan Tan rebukes him: 'Your younger brother now serves Cao Cao; are you too harbouring a divided heart?' Xin Ping, his chest filled with indignation, collapses to the ground and loses consciousness; Yuan Tan has him helped out, but he dies shortly afterwards. The Romance records that Yuan Tan, too, regretted this. Romance, Ch. 33 §17

Where the Romance differs

Adviser to Han Fu: In Chapter 7 of the Romance, Xin Ping appears together with Xun Chen as an adviser to Han Fu and is present at the discussion in which Han Fu invites Yuan Shao in. Xun Yu's biography in the Records only records that, after Yuan Shao had seized Han Fu's position, Xun Chen, Xin Ping and Guo Tu had all been employed by Yuan Shao, and does not record that Xin Ping served Han Fu. Romance, Ch. 7 §4Records, Wei 10 §4

The succession discussion: In Chapter 31 of the Romance, Yuan Shao gathers four men including Xin Ping while he is still alive and discusses the succession. In the Records, Yuan Shao died without making known his intention to make Yuan Shang his heir, and afterwards Shen Pei and others set up Yuan Shang using Yuan Shao's long-held intention as a pretext. Both accounts agree that Xin Ping and Guo Tu sided with Yuan Tan. Romance, Ch. 31 §7–9Records, Wei 6 §58 · 60

Advice after Yuan Shao's death: In Chapter 32 of the Romance, Xin Ping tells Yuan Tan that if he hurries to Ji Province now he will meet with disaster. The Records only states that when Yuan Tan arrived and could not be set up he styled himself General of Chariots and Cavalry, and Xin Ping's words do not appear. Romance, Ch. 32 §6Records, Wei 6 §60

Sending Xin Pi as envoy: In Chapter 32 of the Romance, Guo Tu recommends Xin Ping's younger brother Xin Pi to Yuan Tan as envoy. Chen Shou's main text only states that Yuan Tan sent Xin Pi to Cao Cao to ask for help and peace, and does not say who recommended him. Romance, Ch. 32 §21Records, Wei 6 §62Records, Wei 25 §2

The envoy of surrender at Nanpi: In Chapter 33 of the Romance, Xin Ping meets Cao Cao at Nanpi as Yuan Tan's envoy of surrender, and when Cao Cao asks him to stay, he goes back, saying he cannot turn his back on the Yuan family. In the Records, Xin Ping does not appear in the passage in which Cao Cao took Nanpi and beheaded Yuan Tan, Guo Tu and others. Romance, Ch. 33 §16Records, Wei 6 §67

Death: In Chapter 33 of the Romance, Xin Ping, rebuked by Yuan Tan for harbouring a divided heart, is filled with indignation, collapses and dies. Chen Shou's main text does not record Xin Ping's death. Romance, Ch. 33 §17Records, Wei 6 §60 · 67Records, Wei 25 §2

Guo Jia's words: In Guo Jia's biography in the Records, before leaving Yuan Shao, Guo Jia tells Xin Ping and Guo Tu that Yuan Shao does not know the key to employing men and loves scheming but lacks decision. This scene is not in any of the four chapters of the Romance in which Xin Ping appears. Records, Wei 14 §31Romance, Ch. 7 §4Romance, Ch. 31 §7Romance, Ch. 32 §6Romance, Ch. 33 §16

Written by 3KDEX (not yet reviewed) — The tags at the end of each paragraph link to the exact passage in the Records volume or Romance chapter it is based on.

Abilities

The Records score (Chen Shou’s Records of the Three Kingdoms, main text) is the baseline. Each ability compares how the Romance redrew the same person, and the evidence from both sources explains the difference.

LEASTRINTPOLCHAVIRADPSCHDIPDIS
Records (solid) vs Romance (dashed)
  • LEA3535±0
  • STR3131±0
  • INT4855+7
  • POL4040±0
  • CHA4040±0
  • VIR3578+43
  • ADP3835−3
  • SCH4040±0
  • DIP4550+5
  • DIS3840+2
Records · Romance scores and difference (Romance − Records · left = lowered by the Romance · right = raised)

Abilities shaped by the Romance — where it differs from the Records Differences of 10 or more

VirtueR35N78 +43

RSided with Yuan Tan and contended for power with Shen Pei and Feng JiWei 6 §60

NRefused Cao Cao's request to stay, saying he could not turn his back on the Yuan family he had long servedCh. 33 §16Ch. 33 §17

9 similar abilities — show evidence
  • LeadershipR35UnverifiedN35Unverified ±0

    RNo direct record — estimated from his role as an adviserWei 10 §4

    NNo direct record — estimated from his role as an adviserCh. 31 §20

  • StrengthR31UnverifiedN31Unverified ±0

    RNo direct record — estimated from his role as an adviserWei 10 §4

    NNo direct record — estimated from his role as an adviserCh. 31 §20

  • IntelligenceR48UnverifiedN55 +7

    RNo direct record — estimated from his being Yuan Shao's adviserWei 14 §31

    NSaw that Shen Pei and Feng Ji had settled their plans in advance and that haste would bring disasterCh. 32 §6

  • PoliticsR40UnverifiedN40Unverified ±0

    RNo direct record — estimated from his deedsWei 10 §4

    NNo direct record — estimated from his deedsCh. 31 §20

  • CharismaR40UnverifiedN40Unverified ±0

    RNo direct record — estimated from his deedsWei 10 §4

    NNo direct record — estimated from his deedsCh. 31 §7

  • AdaptabilityR38UnverifiedN35 −3

    RNo direct record — estimated from his deedsWei 6 §60

    NCollapsed and died of indignation when rebuked for harbouring a divided heartCh. 33 §17

  • ScholarshipR40UnverifiedN40Unverified ±0

    RNo direct record — estimated from his deedsWei 10 §4

    NNo direct record — estimated from his role as an adviserCh. 7 §4

  • DiplomacyR45UnverifiedN50 +5

    RNo direct record — estimated from his role as an adviserWei 14 §31

    NWent to Cao Cao as Yuan Tan's envoy and arranged his surrenderCh. 33 §16

  • DiscernmentR38UnverifiedN40Unverified +2

    RNo direct record — estimated from his deedsWei 14 §31

    NNo direct record — estimated from his deedsCh. 31 §7

Records Romance Unverified No direct record; scored from their actions (evidence grade C)

3KDEX scoring — the Records use the main text of Chen Shou’s Records of the Three Kingdoms; the Romance uses the 120-chapter Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Click a source tag to open that passage in the reader.

Romance chapters (4)

AppearsNot present Chapter list →

Family

SiblingsXin Pi Romance

Based on Wikidata items for the historical and Romance figures. Relations without the Unverified badge were also confirmed in the Records.