RRecorded as swift and braveWu 4 §31
NNo direct record — estimated from his being Liu Biao's nephew who guarded Changsha with Huang ZhongCh. 53 §6Ch. 53 §26
Liu Pan 劉磐
| Occupation | RNGeneral | Faction | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Appears | RN | Biography in | |
| Born | Native place | Shanyang Commandery Gaoping County Unverified | |
| Existence | Historical | Mentions | R3 |
Profile
Liu Pan was the nephew of Liu Biao, Governor of Jing Province. He has no biography of his own in the Records; he appears once in the passage on Huang Zhong (Biographies of Guan, Zhang, Ma, Huang and Zhao, Records of Shu 6) and twice in the passage on Taishi Ci (Biographies of Liu Yao, Taishi Ci and Shi Xie, Records of Wu 4), and his courtesy name, origins, offices and death are not recorded. Records, Shu 6 §35Records, Wu 4 §31 · 33
Liu Biao had him guard You County (攸縣) in Changsha Commandery together with Huang Zhong, General of the Household. Liu Pan was swift and brave and repeatedly raided Ai, Xi'an and other counties, but when Sun Ce made Taishi Ci Commandant of Jianchang and had him oversee the generals to hold Liu Pan off, Liu Pan vanished and raided no more. After Sun Quan took charge of the government, he too entrusted the affairs of the south to Taishi Ci because Taishi Ci was able to keep Liu Pan in check. Records, Shu 6 §35Records, Wu 4 §31 · 33
Chen Shou did not mention him in his assessments in Records of Shu 6 and Records of Wu 4. In the Romance he appears only in Chapter 53, and no chapter has his name in its title. Zhuge Liang, introducing Huang Zhong, says that Huang Zhong guarded Changsha together with Liu Biao's nephew Liu Pan, and after Changsha is taken, Liu Bei, on Huang Zhong's recommendation, brings back Liu Pan, who had been living idly in You County, and puts him in charge of Changsha Commandery. Records, Shu 6 §44Records, Wu 4 §51Romance, Ch. 53 §6 · 26
In the Records
According to the Biography of Huang Zhong, Liu Biao, Governor of Jing Province, made Huang Zhong, a man of Nanyang, General of the Household and had him guard You County (攸縣) in Changsha Commandery together with Liu Biao's nephew Liu Pan. When Cao Cao pacified Jing Province, Huang Zhong was given the acting duties of Assistant General and, keeping his former post, was placed under Han Xuan, Administrator of Changsha; when Liu Bei pacified the southern commanderies, he pledged himself to him as his subject. The Biography of Huang Zhong does not say what became of Liu Pan in the meantime. Records, Shu 6 §35
According to the Biography of Taishi Ci, Taishi Ci was captured by Sun Ce and then released and made Commander of the Gate Guard, and on returning to Wu he was given troops and appointed General of the Household Who Breaks Assaults. The Biography of Taishi Ci goes on to record that Liu Biao's nephew Liu Pan was swift and brave and repeatedly raided Ai, Xi'an and other counties. Sun Ce therefore divided off six counties around Haihun and Jianchang, made Taishi Ci Commandant of Jianchang with his seat at Haihun, and also had him oversee the generals to hold off Liu Pan. Liu Pan vanished and raided no more. Records, Wu 4 §29–31
When Sun Quan took charge of the government, because Taishi Ci was able to keep Liu Pan in check, he at last entrusted him with the affairs of the south. Taishi Ci died in the 11th year of Jian'an (206) at the age of forty-one. Records, Wu 4 §33
These three passages are the only places where Liu Pan appears in Chen Shou's main text. His courtesy name, origins, offices, later life and death are not recorded. In his assessments, Chen Shou discussed Huang Zhong and Zhao Yun in Volume 6 and Taishi Ci in Volume 4, but did not mention Liu Pan. Records, Shu 6 §35 · 44Records, Wu 4 §31 · 33 · 51
In the Romance
In Chapter 53 of the Romance, after Zhao Yun takes Guiyang and Zhang Fei takes Wuling, Guan Yu asks to take Changsha, which has not yet been won, himself, and comes to see Liu Bei and Zhuge Liang. Zhuge Liang says that Han Xuan, Administrator of Changsha, is not worth mentioning, but that he has a great general, Huang Zhong: as General of the Household under Liu Biao, Huang Zhong guarded Changsha together with Liu Biao's nephew Liu Pan and later served Han Xuan, and although he is nearly sixty, he has a courage that ten thousand men could not withstand. Romance, Ch. 53 §5–6
Guan Yu goes to Changsha leading only five hundred broadsword men and contends with Huang Zhong for three days. When Han Xuan, accusing Huang Zhong of collusion with the enemy, tries to behead him, Wei Yan rescues Huang Zhong, kills Han Xuan and surrenders to Guan Yu, and only when Liu Bei goes in person to Huang Zhong's house to invite him does Huang Zhong come out and submit. Romance, Ch. 53 §7 · 11–20 · 23
Zhuge Liang is about to behead Wei Yan but spares him when Liu Bei restrains him. Huang Zhong then recommends Liu Biao's nephew Liu Pan, who at this time is living idly in You County. Liu Bei brings him back and puts him in charge of Changsha Commandery, and when the four commanderies have all been pacified, he withdraws his army and returns to Jing Province. Liu Pan does not appear after this chapter. Romance, Ch. 53 §25–27
Where the Romance differs
Liu Pan after the pacification of Jing Province: In Chapter 53 of the Romance, Liu Pan is living idly in You County when Huang Zhong recommends him. The Biography of Huang Zhong in the Records says only that Liu Pan guarded You County in Changsha Commandery together with Huang Zhong, and does not say what became of Liu Pan after Cao Cao pacified Jing Province. Romance, Ch. 53 §26Records, Shu 6 §35
Who took charge of Changsha: In Chapter 53 of the Romance, Liu Bei, on Huang Zhong's recommendation, brings in Liu Pan and entrusts Changsha Commandery to him. The Biography of Huang Zhong in the Records has no such recommendation, and the Biography of the First Sovereign records only that Han Xuan, Administrator of Changsha, surrendered, with no mention of Liu Pan. The Biography of Liao Li records that after Liu Bei took on the post of Governor of Jing Province, he promoted Liao Li, then not yet thirty, to Administrator of Changsha. Romance, Ch. 53 §26Records, Shu 6 §35Records, Shu 2 §24Records, Shu 10 §33
The standoff with Taishi Ci: In the Biography of Taishi Ci in the Records, Liu Pan repeatedly raided Ai, Xi'an and other counties until he was held off by Taishi Ci, whom Sun Ce had made Commandant of Jianchang, and vanished; Sun Quan too entrusted the affairs of the south to Taishi Ci because he could keep Liu Pan in check. In the Romance, Liu Pan appears only in Zhuge Liang's words and Huang Zhong's recommendation in Chapter 53, and this episode is not in the Romance. Records, Wu 4 §31 · 33Romance, Ch. 53 §6 · 26
Written by 3KDEX (not yet reviewed) — The tags at the end of each paragraph link to the exact passage in the Records volume or Romance chapter it is based on.
Abilities
The Records score (Chen Shou’s Records of the Three Kingdoms, main text) is the baseline. Each ability compares how the Romance redrew the same person, and the evidence from both sources explains the difference.
Records total407 / 1000Rank 569 of 996 · Top 58%Romance total403 / 1000Rank 500 of 1,113 · Top 45%
Romance adaptation index−4Romance total − Records total
- LEA5545−10
- STR6845−23
- INT3838±0
- POL3350+17
- CHA3842+4
- VIR4042+2
- ADP4042+2
- SCH3133+2
- DIP3133+2
- DIS3333±0
Abilities shaped by the Romance — where it differs from the Records Differences of 10 or more
RNo direct record — estimated from his being Liu Biao's nephew and a general who guarded ChangshaWu 4 §31
NPut in charge of Changsha Commandery on Huang Zhong's recommendationCh. 53 §26
RRaided Ai and Xi'an repeatedly, so that Sun Ce divided off six counties to hold him offWu 4 §31
NNo direct record — estimated from his being Liu Biao's nephew who guarded Changsha with Huang ZhongCh. 53 §6Ch. 53 §26
7 similar abilities — show evidence
RNo direct record — estimated from his being Liu Biao's nephew and a general who guarded ChangshaWu 4 §31
NNo direct record — estimated from his being Liu Biao's nephew who guarded Changsha with Huang ZhongCh. 53 §6Ch. 53 §26
RNo direct record — estimated from his being Liu Biao's nephew and a general who guarded ChangshaWu 4 §31
NNo direct record — estimated from his being Liu Biao's nephew who guarded Changsha with Huang ZhongCh. 53 §6Ch. 53 §26
RNo direct record — estimated from his being Liu Biao's nephew and a general who guarded ChangshaWu 4 §31
NNo direct record — estimated from his being Liu Biao's nephew who guarded Changsha with Huang ZhongCh. 53 §6Ch. 53 §26
RNo direct record — estimated from his ceasing his raids when held off by Taishi CiWu 4 §31Wu 4 §33
NNo direct record — estimated from his being Liu Biao's nephew who guarded Changsha with Huang ZhongCh. 53 §6Ch. 53 §26
RNo direct record — estimated from his being Liu Biao's nephew and a general who guarded ChangshaWu 4 §31
NNo direct record — estimated from his being Liu Biao's nephew who guarded Changsha with Huang ZhongCh. 53 §6Ch. 53 §26
RNo direct record — estimated from his being Liu Biao's nephew and a general who guarded ChangshaWu 4 §31
NNo direct record — estimated from his being Liu Biao's nephew who guarded Changsha with Huang ZhongCh. 53 §6Ch. 53 §26
RNo direct record — estimated from his guarding You County together with Huang ZhongShu 6 §35
NNo direct record — estimated from his being Liu Biao's nephew who guarded Changsha with Huang ZhongCh. 53 §6Ch. 53 §26
Records Romance Unverified No direct record; scored from their actions (evidence grade C)
3KDEX scoring — the Records use the main text of Chen Shou’s Records of the Three Kingdoms; the Romance uses the 120-chapter Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Click a source tag to open that passage in the reader.
Romance chapters (1)
AppearsNot present Chapter list →