Book

Qingnangshu 青囊書

Other names: 青囊

About this item

The Qingnangshu (the Blue Bag Book) is the medical book that, in the Romance, Hua Tuo regretted not having passed on to the world. In Chapter 78 of the Romance, Hua Tuo, imprisoned after trying to cure Cao Cao's head-wind ailment, gives this book to the prison guard known as Jailer Wu, who had brought him wine and food every day, so that he might carry on his medical art, but after Hua Tuo's death Jailer Wu's wife burns the book and only a page or two remain. Romance, Ch. 78 §14–18

The name Qingnangshu does not appear in Chen Shou's text. The Biographies of Technicians in Records of Wei 29 record that as he faced death Hua Tuo gave a jailer a book that he said could save lives, and when the jailer would not accept it, he asked for fire and burned it. The Romance depicts this book in Chapter 78. Records, Wei 29 §23Romance, Ch. 78 §16

In the Romance

In Chapter 78 of the Romance, Hua Tuo tells Cao Cao, who suffers from a head-wind ailment, that the root of the illness can be removed only if he first drinks Mafeitang and then has his head split open with an axe to remove the wind-phlegm. Cao Cao says that Hua Tuo is close to Guan Yu and wants to avenge him, and has him imprisoned and interrogated under torture. To the prison guard Jailer Wu, who treated him to wine and food every day in prison, Hua Tuo says that he will soon die and regrets that he has not passed the Qingnangshu on to the world, and asks him to take a letter he will write, fetch the book from his house and carry on his medical art. Romance, Ch. 78 §14–16

Jailer Wu goes to Jincheng, receives the Qingnangshu from Hua Tuo's wife and brings it back, and Hua Tuo, after looking it over, gives the book to Jailer Wu. Ten days later, when Hua Tuo dies in prison, Jailer Wu holds his funeral, quits his post and returns home to study the book, but his wife is already burning it and he saves only a page or two. His wife says that even if he learned to be as marvelous as Hua Tuo, he would only end up dying in prison. The Romance writes that for this reason the Qingnangshu was never passed on to the world, and that only trivial methods such as castrating chickens and pigs, recorded on the pages left from the fire, have come down. Romance, Ch. 78 §17–19

Where the Romance differs

Who received the book: In Chapter 78 of the Romance, the prison guard Jailer Wu fetches the Qingnangshu from Hua Tuo's house and receives it. In the Biographies of Technicians in the Records, Hua Tuo took out a book and gave it to a jailer, saying it could save lives, but the jailer, fearing the law, would not accept it. Romance, Ch. 78 §16–17Records, Wei 29 §23

Who burned the book: In the Romance, after Hua Tuo's death Jailer Wu's wife burns the book and only a page or two remain. In the Records, Hua Tuo did not press the jailer, asked for fire and burned it himself. Romance, Ch. 78 §18–19Records, Wei 29 §23

Why he was imprisoned: In the Romance, when Hua Tuo proposes splitting open his head, Cao Cao suspects that he means to harm him and imprisons him. In the Records, when Hua Tuo went home and did not return, pleading his wife's illness, Cao Cao had the matter investigated and handed him over to the prison at Xu, and although Xun Yu asked that he be pardoned, Cao Cao had him tortured to death. Romance, Ch. 78 §14–15Records, Wei 29 §21–22

Written by 3KDEX (not yet reviewed) — The tags at the end of each paragraph link to the exact passage in the Records volume or Romance chapter it is based on.

Ownership history

OwnerPeriodSource
Hua Tuo Romance 「恨有《青囊書》未傳於世」 · 「問佗之妻取了《青囊書》」(yy-078:s17)
Jailer Wu Romance 「佗即將書贈與吳押獄。吳押獄持回家中藏之」

Ownership is checked against the source texts (3KDEX) — each entry rests on the passage where the item changes hands. Owners not in the People index are not shown.

Romance chapters (1)