He Miao 何苗
| Occupation | RGeneral · General of Chariots and Cavalry | Faction | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Appears | RN | Biography in | |
| Born | R? N? Unverified | Native place | |
| Died | R189 N(same) Unverified | Place of death | |
| Cause of death | RKilled NKilled Unverified | ||
| Existence | Historical | Mentions | R4 |
Profile
He Miao was the younger brother of He Jin, the General-in-Chief, and was General of Chariots and Cavalry. The Records give him no biography of his own; in Chen Shou's main text he appears once each, in the account of Dong Zhuo in Records of Wei 6, the Biographies of Dong Zhuo, the Two Yuans and Liu Biao, and in the account of Qian Zhao in Records of Wei 26, the Biographies of Man, Tian, Qian and Guo. After Emperor Ling died, when He Jin fell and disorder broke out in the capital, He Miao was killed by He Jin's followers. Records, Wei 6 §5–6Records, Wei 26 §44
Chen Shou's main text does not record his courtesy name, origin or age, and the assessments of the two volumes do not deal with him either. In the Romance he first appears in Chapter 2 as He Jin's younger brother and appears in 2 of the 120 chapters, and no chapter has his name in its title. He takes bribes from the Ten Regular Attendants and shields the eunuchs before Empress He, and in Chapter 3, when He Jin's lieutenant Wu Kuang declares that he conspired in harming his elder brother, he is surrounded by the crowd and killed. Records, Wei 6 §96–97Records, Wei 26 §80Romance, Ch. 2 §49 · 51Romance, Ch. 3 §15–16
In the Records
When Emperor Ling died and Emperor Shao took the throne, the General-in-Chief He Jin plotted with the Colonel-Director of Retainers Yuan Shao to execute the eunuchs, but the Empress Dowager would not go along. He Jin summoned Dong Zhuo to lead troops to the capital in order to intimidate the Empress Dowager, but He Jin fell before Dong Zhuo arrived. The Annals of Emperor Wu record that this year was the 6th year of Zhongping (189). Records, Wei 6 §5–6Records, Wei 1 §5–6
When the Regular Palace Attendant Duan Gui and others seized the emperor and fled to Xiaoping Ford, Dong Zhuo met the emperor at Beimang and returned him to the palace. At that time He Jin's younger brother, the General of Chariots and Cavalry He Miao, was killed by He Jin's followers. The private troops of He Jin and He Miao, having no one to belong to, all went over to Dong Zhuo, and Dong Zhuo also had Lü Bu kill the Bearer of the Golden Mace Ding Yuan and absorbed his troops, so that military power in the capital lay with Dong Zhuo alone. Records, Wei 6 §6
He Miao also appears in the account of Qian Zhao. When Yue Yin of the same county, under whom Qian Zhao had studied from a little over ten years of age, later became Chief Clerk to He Miao, General of Chariots and Cavalry, Qian Zhao followed him and completed his studies. When disorder broke out in the capital and He Miao and Yue Yin were killed, Qian Zhao, together with Yue Yin's disciple Shi Lu and others, braved the blades and rushed in, laid Yue Yin's body in a coffin and escorted the funeral carriage back to their home district. These two passages are the only places in Chen Shou's main text where He Miao appears. Records, Wei 26 §44
In the Romance
In Chapter 2 of the Romance, when He Jin sends Empress Dong away to Hejian and surrounds the residence of the General of Agile Cavalry Dong Chong with the palace guards, Dong Chong cuts his own throat. Seeing that Empress Dong's faction has collapsed, Zhang Rang and Duan Gui win over He Jin's younger brother He Miao and their mother Wuyangjun with gold, jewels and rare treasures, and have them go in to Empress He day and night and shield them with fair words. In this way the Ten Regular Attendants regain favour. Romance, Ch. 2 §48–49
When Yuan Shao urges He Jin to take this opportunity to kill the eunuchs, He Jin says they should discuss it further. His attendants secretly tell Zhang Rang, and Zhang Rang and the others pass it on to He Miao and send him another load of bribes. He Miao goes in to Empress He and tells her that the General-in-Chief, while assisting the new sovereign, does not govern with benevolence but devotes himself solely to killing, and that now he wants to kill the Ten Regular Attendants as well without cause, which is the road to disorder. Empress He accepts his words and rejects He Jin's request to kill the eunuchs. Romance, Ch. 2 §50–52
In Chapter 3, when He Jin enters the palace at the Empress Dowager's summons and is killed by the assassins of Zhang Rang and the others at the gate of the Jiade Hall, He Jin's lieutenant Wu Kuang sets fire outside the Qingsuo Gate. As Wu Kuang fights his way into the inner court, He Miao too is coming out sword in hand. Wu Kuang shouts that He Miao conspired in harming his elder brother and must be killed together, and everyone else also calls for the beheading of the villain who plotted against his brother. He Miao tries to flee, but he is surrounded on all sides and hacked to pieces. Romance, Ch. 3 §10–11 · 13 · 15–16
Where the Romance differs
Relations with the eunuchs: In Chapter 2 of the Romance, He Miao takes bribes from Zhang Rang and Duan Gui and shields the eunuchs before Empress He, thwarting He Jin's plan to execute them. Chen Shou's main text in the Records says only that He Jin wanted to execute the eunuchs but the Empress Dowager would not go along, and it has no record of He Miao speaking to the Empress Dowager or taking bribes. Romance, Ch. 2 §49 · 51Records, Wei 6 §5 · 34
His death: In Chapter 3 of the Romance, He Jin's lieutenant Wu Kuang shouts that He Miao conspired in harming his elder brother, and He Miao is surrounded by the crowd and hacked to pieces. Chen Shou's main text in the Records says only that He Jin's younger brother, the General of Chariots and Cavalry He Miao, was killed by He Jin's followers, and it does not record who took the lead or why. Romance, Ch. 3 §15–16Records, Wei 6 §6
His office: The Romance refers to He Miao only as He Jin's younger brother and does not give his office. In the Records He Miao was General of Chariots and Cavalry, and Yue Yin, the teacher of Qian Zhao, was his Chief Clerk. Romance, Ch. 2 §49Romance, Ch. 3 §15Records, Wei 6 §6Records, Wei 26 §44
Afterwards: Chapter 3 of the Romance does not record what became of He Miao's troops after his death. In the Records the private troops of He Jin and He Miao, having no one to belong to, all went over to Dong Zhuo, and in this way military power in the capital was concentrated in Dong Zhuo. Romance, Ch. 3 §16Records, Wei 6 §6
Written by 3KDEX (not yet reviewed) — The tags at the end of each paragraph link to the exact passage in the Records volume or Romance chapter it is based on.
Abilities
The Records score (Chen Shou’s Records of the Three Kingdoms, main text) is the baseline. Each ability compares how the Romance redrew the same person, and the evidence from both sources explains the difference.
Records total371 / 1000Rank 783 of 996 · Top 79%Romance total290 / 1000Rank 1,078 of 1,113 · Top 97%
Romance adaptation index−81Romance total − Records total
- LEA4030−10
- STR3531−4
- INT3528−7
- POL3830−8
- CHA3525−10
- VIR4018−22
- ADP3822−16
- SCH3331−2
- DIP3545+10
- DIS4230−12
Abilities shaped by the Romance — where it differs from the Records Differences of 10 or more
RNo direct record — estimated from his employing Yue Yin as Chief ClerkWei 26 §44
NNo direct record — estimated as a member of the consort clanCh. 2 §49
4 similar abilities — show evidence
RNo direct record — estimated from his post as a general of the consort clanWei 26 §44
NNo direct record — estimated as a member of the consort clanCh. 2 §49
Records Romance Unverified No direct record; scored from their actions (evidence grade C)
3KDEX scoring — the Records use the main text of Chen Shou’s Records of the Three Kingdoms; the Romance uses the 120-chapter Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Click a source tag to open that passage in the reader.
Romance chapters (2)
AppearsNot present Chapter list →
Family
| Parents | Wuyangjun Romance |
|---|---|
| Siblings | He Jin Romance |
Based on Wikidata items for the historical and Romance figures. Relations without the Unverified badge were also confirmed in the Records.