Battle of Ruxu 濡須之戰

In the 9th month of autumn of the 3rd year of Huangchu (222), Wei sent Cao Ren out to Ruxu, and Sun Quan had Zhu Huan, Area Commander of Ruxu, oppose him. The Biography of Zhu Huan records that in the 1st year of Huangwu, Cao Ren, heading for Ruxu with several tens of thousands of foot and horse and meaning to seize the island in the middle of the river by surprise, first spread a false rumor that he would attack Xianxi to the east. After Zhu Huan had divided his troops and sent them to Xianxi, word came that Cao Ren had approached to within 70 li of Ruxu, and Cao Ren swept in before the troops could be recalled, leaving only 5,000 men at Zhu Huan's side. Records of Wei 14 records that Jiang Ji separately raided Xianxi. Records, Wu 2 §42Records, Wu 11 §49Records, Wei 14 §121

When the generals were afraid, Zhu Huan said that victory and defeat depended on the commander, not on the number of troops, and that Cao Ren had neither wisdom nor courage and his soldiers were timid and worn out from marching a thousand li, whereas they themselves were relying on a high city with the great river to the south and the mountains to the north, waiting at ease for a weary enemy, so there would be nothing to fear even if Cao Pi came in person. Zhu Huan lowered his flags and silenced his drums to look weak. Records, Wu 11 §49–51

In the 3rd month of the 2nd year of Huangwu (223), Cao Ren had his son Cao Tai attack the city of Ruxu, had General Chang Diao lead Zhuge Qian, Wang Shuang and others in oiled boats to raid separately the Middle Isle, where the wives and children of the troops were, and himself stayed at Tuogao with 10,000 men to back them up. The Biography of the Lord of Wu records that Chang Diao and the others crossed to the Middle Isle of Ruxu at dawn with 5,000 troops. Zhu Huan divided his generals to seize the oiled boats and attack Chang Diao and the others while he himself held off Cao Tai, and Cao Tai burned his camp and withdrew. Records, Wu 11 §51–52Records, Wu 2 §49

The Wu army beheaded Chang Diao and hung up his head, captured Wang Shuang and sent him to Wuchang, and the Wei soldiers beheaded on the battlefield or drowned numbered more than a thousand. The Biography of the Lord of Wu says that General Yan Gui and others defeated Chang Diao, and the Biography of Luo Tong records that Luo Tong, together with Yan Gui, held off and defeated Chang Diao at the Middle Isle. That month the Wei armies all withdrew. Jiang Ji had warned that with the enemy entrenched on the western bank and their boats lined up upstream, sending troops onto the sandbar was walking into a hell of one's own making, but Cao Ren did not listen and was defeated. Records, Wu 11 §52Records, Wu 2 §49Records, Wu 12 §62Records, Wei 14 §121

Sun Quan enfeoffed Zhu Huan as Marquis of Jiaxing and made him General of Vehement Might. Cao Ren died on the dingwei day of that month, and Jiang Ji took over command of his troops. Records, Wu 11 §52Records, Wei 2 §42Records, Wei 14 §121