He Yong 何顒

RecordsRomance Courtesy name 伯求 Boqiu하옹백구何颙

Profile
OccupationROfficial · Gentleman ConsultantFaction
AppearsRNBiography in
BornNative placeNanyang Commandery
Cause of deathRSuicide Unverified
ExistenceHistoricalMentionsR14

Profile

He Yong was a native of Nanyang and a renowned scholar of the late Eastern Han. He has no biography of his own in the Records; in Chen Shou's main text his name appears in the Annals of Emperor Wu and in the biographies of Yuan Shao, Xun Yu and Xun You. When people of the time did not think the young Cao Cao remarkable, he, together with Qiao Xuan, saw him as exceptional, and of the young Xun Yu he said that he had the talent to assist a king. Records, Wei 1 §2Records, Wei 6 §37Records, Wei 10 §3

As a Gentleman Consultant he enjoyed Dong Zhuo's trust but secretly took Yuan Shao's side, persuading Dong Zhuo to pardon the fugitive Yuan Shao and make him a commandery Administrator. After Dong Zhuo moved the capital to Chang'an, He Yong plotted with Xun You and others to stab Dong Zhuo to death, but when the deed was nearly accomplished it was discovered, and he was thrown into prison, where, in anxiety and fear, he took his own life. Records, Wei 6 §37–38Records, Wei 10 §52–53

Chen Shou's main text does not record his courtesy name or the year of his death, and has no assessment of him. In the Romance his name appears in two of the 120 chapters, Chapters 1 and 2, and no chapter has his name in its title. In Chapter 1, on seeing the young Cao Cao, he says that the house of Han will soon fall and that the one who will bring peace to the realm must be this man; in Chapter 2 his name appears among the more than thirty officials who follow He Jin into the palace and set Crown Prince Bian on the throne. Records, Wei 10 §53 · 52Romance, Ch. 1 §38Romance, Ch. 2 §41

In the Records

He Yong was a native of Nanyang. He has no biography of his own in Chen Shou's main text, and his name appears a few times in the Annals of Emperor Wu and in the biographies of Yuan Shao, Xun Yu and Xun You. Records, Wei 1 §2Records, Wei 10 §3

From his youth Cao Cao was quick-witted and resourceful in schemes, but he delighted in playing the knight-errant and was dissolute, not attending to his conduct or a livelihood. For this reason people of the time did not think him remarkable, and Chen Shou wrote that only Qiao Xuan of Liang and He Yong of Nanyang saw him as exceptional. Also, when Xun Yu was young, He Yong found him exceptional and said, 'He has the talent to assist a king.' Records, Wei 1 §2Records, Wei 10 §3

When Dong Zhuo summoned Yuan Shao to discuss deposing the emperor and setting up the Prince of Chenliu, Yuan Shao feigned agreement, left and fled to Ji Province. At this time the Palace Attendant Zhou Bi, the Colonel of the City Gates Wu Qiong, the Gentleman Consultant He Yong and others were all renowned scholars who enjoyed Dong Zhuo's trust, but they secretly took Yuan Shao's side. They told Dong Zhuo that deposing and setting up an emperor was not a matter an ordinary man could grasp, and that Yuan Shao, not understanding the larger picture, had merely fled out of fear and had no other intention. Records, Wei 6 §37–38

They went on to say that if Dong Zhuo now offered a reward and pursued him hotly, he would be bound to rise in revolt; that the Yuan clan had bestowed favors for four generations, so that their disciples and former subordinates were spread throughout the realm; and that if heroes rose up on that account, the lands east of the mountains would no longer be his. Better, they said, to pardon Yuan Shao and make him Administrator of a commandery. Dong Zhuo agreed, made Yuan Shao Administrator of Bohai and enfeoffed him as Marquis of Kangxiang. Records, Wei 6 §38

When the troops of the east rose in arms because of Dong Zhuo's disorder, Dong Zhuo moved the capital to Chang'an. Xun You plotted with the Gentlemen Consultant Zheng Tai and He Yong, the Palace Attendant Chong Ji, the Colonel of the Yue Cavalry Wu Qiong and others, saying that Dong Zhuo was more lawless than Jie and Zhou and relied on strong troops but was in truth no more than a common fellow, and that they should stab him to death at once to make amends to the people, then hold Mount Xiao and the Hangu Pass, assist the royal command and issue orders to the realm. Records, Wei 10 §52

When the deed was nearly accomplished it was discovered, and He Yong and Xun You were arrested and thrown into prison. He Yong, in anxiety and fear, took his own life. Xun You spoke, ate and drank as calmly as ever, and was released when Dong Zhuo happened to die. Chen Shou's main text does not record the year of He Yong's death. Records, Wei 10 §53

Chen Shou's main text does not record He Yong's courtesy name, and of his offices it states only Gentleman Consultant. He Yong is not dealt with in the assessments of the Annals of Emperor Wu or of the biographies of Yuan Shao, Xun Yu and Xun You in which he appears either. Records, Wei 6 §37Records, Wei 10 §52

In the Romance

Chapter 1 of the Romance introduces Cao Cao, who comes forward as a Commandant of Cavalry in the fight against the Yellow Turbans, and describes his youth. As a boy Cao Cao loved hunting, songs and dancing and was skilled in scheming and stratagems; by a trick he made his father Cao Song stop listening to his uncle, and thereafter lived as dissolutely as he pleased. At that time Qiao Xuan told Cao Cao that the one who would bring peace to the realm would be him, and He Yong of Nanyang, on seeing Cao Cao, also said, 'The house of Han is about to fall; the one who will bring peace to the realm will surely be this man.' Xu Shao of Runan then judges that Cao Cao will be an able minister in an age of order and a treacherous hero in an age of chaos. Romance, Ch. 1 §36–39

In Chapter 2, when Emperor Ling has died, Jian Shuo and the Ten Regular Attendants conceal the death and, with a forged edict, summon He Jin to the palace to do away with him. When Yuan Shao steps forward and says that if he is lent five thousand picked troops he will break through the gates, set up the new sovereign and kill all the eunuchs, He Jin gives him five thousand men of the Imperial Guard and, leading more than thirty officials including He Yong, Xun You and Zheng Tai, enters one after another and, before Emperor Ling's coffin, raises Crown Prince Bian to the imperial throne. The Romance does not bring He Yong on stage again after this. Romance, Ch. 2 §40–41

Where the Romance differs

Words on recognizing Cao Cao: In Chapter 1 of the Romance, He Yong, on seeing Cao Cao, says, 'The house of Han is about to fall; the one who will bring peace to the realm will surely be this man.' The Annals of Emperor Wu in Chen Shou's main text records that only Qiao Xuan and He Yong saw Cao Cao as exceptional and quotes only Qiao Xuan's words; it does not record anything He Yong said. Romance, Ch. 1 §38Records, Wei 1 §2

Crown Prince Bian's accession: In Chapter 2 of the Romance, He Yong, together with Xun You, Zheng Tai and the other officials, more than thirty in all, follows He Jin into the palace and sets Crown Prince Bian on the throne. In Chen Shou's main text this is recorded nowhere among the places where He Yong appears, the Annals of Emperor Wu and the biographies of Yuan Shao, Xun Yu and Xun You. Romance, Ch. 2 §41Records, Wei 1 §2Records, Wei 6 §37–38Records, Wei 10 §3 · 52–53

Persuasion on behalf of Yuan Shao: In Chapter 4 of the Romance, those who advise Dong Zhuo to pardon the fugitive Yuan Shao and make him Administrator of a commandery are the Palace Attendant Zhou Bi and the Colonel Wu Qiong; He Yong does not appear. The Biography of Yuan Shao in Chen Shou's main text records that the Palace Attendant Zhou Bi, the City Gate Colonel Wu Qiong, the Gentleman Consultant He Yong and others, all renowned scholars trusted by Dong Zhuo but secretly on Yuan Shao's side, together persuaded Dong Zhuo. Romance, Ch. 4 §2–3Records, Wei 6 §37–38

Words about Xun Yu: In Chapter 10 of the Romance, Xun Yu comes to Cao Cao together with his nephew Xun You, and Cao Cao, after talking with him, is greatly pleased and calls him his Zifang. What He Yong said of the young Xun Yu does not appear in the Romance. The Biography of Xun Yu in Chen Shou's main text records that when Xun Yu was young, He Yong thought him exceptional and said, 'He has the talent to assist a king.' Romance, Ch. 10 §20Records, Wei 10 §3

The plot against Dong Zhuo and his death: The Romance does not bring He Yong on stage after Chapter 2, and so does not depict the plot to stab Dong Zhuo to death or He Yong's death. The Biography of Xun You in Chen Shou's main text records that after Dong Zhuo moved the capital to Chang'an, He Yong plotted with Xun You and others to stab Dong Zhuo to death, and that when the deed was nearly accomplished it was discovered and he was thrown into prison, where, in anxiety and fear, he took his own life. Romance, Ch. 2 §41Records, Wei 10 §52–53

Written by 3KDEX (not yet reviewed) — The tags at the end of each paragraph link to the exact passage in the Records volume or Romance chapter it is based on.

Abilities

The Records score (Chen Shou’s Records of the Three Kingdoms, main text) is the baseline. Each ability compares how the Romance redrew the same person, and the evidence from both sources explains the difference.

LEASTRINTPOLCHAVIRADPSCHDIPDIS
Records (solid) vs Romance (dashed)
  • LEA3131±0
  • STR3131±0
  • INT5255+3
  • POL4040±0
  • CHA6042−18
  • VIR6645−21
  • ADP3040+10
  • SCH4042+2
  • DIP6240−22
  • DIS8072−8
Records · Romance scores and difference (Romance − Records · left = lowered by the Romance · right = raised)

Abilities shaped by the Romance — where it differs from the Records Differences of 10 or more

DiplomacyR62N40Unverified −22

RWith Zhou Bi and others, persuaded Dong Zhuo to make Yuan Shao Administrator of BohaiWei 6 §37Wei 6 §38

NNo direct record — estimated as a renowned figure who recognized Cao CaoCh. 1 §38

VirtueR66N45Unverified −21

ROutwardly served Dong Zhuo while secretly siding with Yuan Shao, and plotted the assassinationWei 6 §37Wei 10 §52

NNo direct record — estimated as an official who followed He JinCh. 2 §41

CharismaR60N42Unverified −18

RCalled a renowned scholar together with Zhou Bi and Wu Qiong, and trusted by Dong ZhuoWei 6 §37

NNo direct record — estimated as a renowned figure who recognized Cao CaoCh. 1 §38

AdaptabilityR30N40Unverified +10

RTook his own life in anxiety and fear when imprisoned, while Xun You remained calmWei 10 §53

NNo direct record — estimated as an official who followed He JinCh. 2 §41

6 similar abilities — show evidence
  • LeadershipR31UnverifiedN31Unverified ±0

    RNo direct record — estimated as a Gentleman Consultant and renowned scholarWei 10 §52

    NNo direct record — estimated as an official who followed He JinCh. 2 §41

  • StrengthR31UnverifiedN31Unverified ±0

    RNo direct record — estimated as a Gentleman Consultant and renowned scholarWei 10 §52

    NNo direct record — estimated as an official who followed He JinCh. 2 §41

  • IntelligenceR52N55 +3

    RPlotted with Xun You and others to assassinate Dong Zhuo, but was discoveredWei 10 §52Wei 10 §53

    NForesaw that the house of Han would soon fallCh. 1 §38

  • PoliticsR40UnverifiedN40Unverified ±0

    RNo direct record — estimated as a Gentleman Consultant and renowned scholarWei 6 §37

    NNo direct record — estimated as an official who followed He JinCh. 2 §41

  • ScholarshipR40UnverifiedN42Unverified +2

    RNo direct record — estimated as a Gentleman Consultant and renowned scholarWei 6 §37

    NNo direct record — estimated as a renowned figure who recognized Cao CaoCh. 1 §38

  • DiscernmentR80N72 −8

    RSaw the unknown Taizu as exceptional and recognized Xun Yu as a talent to assist a kingWei 1 §2Wei 10 §3

    NRecognized Cao Cao as the one who would bring peace to the realmCh. 1 §38

Records Romance Unverified No direct record; scored from their actions (evidence grade C)

3KDEX scoring — the Records use the main text of Chen Shou’s Records of the Three Kingdoms; the Romance uses the 120-chapter Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Click a source tag to open that passage in the reader.

Romance chapters (2)

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