RHis former officials and people, Yang Fu and others, plotted together to strike Ma ChaoShu 6 §29
NNo direct record — estimated from his former subordinates seeking to avenge himCh. 64 §39
| Occupation | RNOfficial · Inspector of Liang Province | Faction | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Appears | RN | Biography in | |
| Born | Native place | Jingzhao Commandery | |
| Died | Place of death | RNJi County | |
| Cause of death | RExecuted NExecuted Unverified | ||
| Existence | Historical | Mentions | R10 |
Wei Kang was Inspector of Liang Province at the end of the Later Han. He has no biography of his own in the Records and appears in the biographies of Yang Fu, Xun Yu, Xiahou Yuan, Ma Chao and others. When Wei Duan, Governor of Liang Province, was summoned to become Minister Coachman, Wei Kang, as his son, became Inspector in his place; he was a man recommended by Xun Yu. Records, Wei 25 §25Records, Wei 10 §16
When Ma Chao attacked the commanderies and counties of Longshang, only Ji, the provincial seat, held out in support of the provincial and commandery heads, from the 1st month to the 8th month, but no relief came. When even the Aide-de-camp Yan Wen, who had gone out to seek help, was killed by Ma Chao, the Inspector and the Administrator sent men to sue for peace and opened the city gates, and Ma Chao entered the city and had Yang Ang kill the Inspector and the Administrator. Records, Wei 25 §27–28Records, Shu 6 §28
Chen Shou wrote that the men Xun Yu recommended all proved equal to their posts, except Yan Xiang and Wei Kang, who later came to ruin. In the Romance he first appears in Chapter 59 as the man Yang Fu recommends to Cao Cao as Inspector of Liang Province, and appears in 2 of its 120 chapters; in Chapter 64 he surrenders to Ma Chao and is killed together with his household. Records, Wei 10 §16Romance, Ch. 59 §40Romance, Ch. 64 §34
Yang Fu had earlier gone to Xu and back as an Attendant Officer of the province, serving as envoy for Wei Duan, Governor of Liang Province. When Wei Duan was summoned to become Minister Coachman, his son Wei Kang became Inspector in his place and summoned Yang Fu to be his Aide-de-camp. When Yang Fu was recommended as Filial and Incorrupt and summoned to the Chancellor's office, the province submitted a memorial to keep him and had him take part in military affairs. Records, Wei 25 §24–25
In the biography of Xun Yu, Chen Shou wrote that the Grand Progenitor regarded Xun Yu as a good judge of men, and that the men he recommended all proved equal to their posts, except that Yan Xiang, given Yang Province, and Wei Kang, given Liang Province, later came to ruin. Records, Wei 10 §16
After his defeat at Weinan, Ma Chao fled and took refuge among the Rong peoples. The Grand Progenitor pursued him as far as Anding, but when Su Bo rebelled in Hejian he prepared to lead his army back east. Yang Fu, who was there as an envoy at the time, said that Ma Chao had greatly won the hearts of the Qiang and Hu, and that unless strict precautions were taken, the commanderies of Longshang would no longer belong to the state. The Grand Progenitor approved, but because the army returned in haste, the precautions did not cover everything. Records, Wei 25 §26
When Ma Chao led the Rong chieftains to attack the commanderies and counties of Longshang, they all rallied to him, but the city of Ji alone held firm in support of the provincial and commandery heads. Ma Chao, who had absorbed the whole host of Longyou and was further aided by Yang Ang, a senior general sent by Zhang Lu, attacked the city with more than 10,000 men. Yang Fu led over a thousand fighting men from among the local gentry and the young men of his clan in close combat and held out from the 1st month to the 8th month, but no relief came. The biography of Xiahou Yuan records that when Ma Chao besieged Wei Kang, Inspector of Liang Province, at Ji, Xiahou Yuan went to his rescue, but Wei Kang was defeated before he arrived. Records, Wei 25 §27Records, Wei 9 §17
The province secretly sent out the Aide-de-camp Yan Wen to report the emergency to Xiahou Yuan. Yan Wen slipped out through the water at night but was captured and brought beneath the walls, where he shouted to the city that the main army would arrive within three days and that they should take heart, and was then killed by Ma Chao. At this the Inspector and the Administrator lost color and for the first time began to plan surrender to Ma Chao. Records, Wei 18 §83–85Records, Wei 25 §28
Yang Fu wept and remonstrated that he had led his fathers and elder brothers, sons and younger brothers to encourage one another in righteousness and to die rather than be of two minds, and asked whether they meant to throw away a deed nearly accomplished and fall into a name for unrighteousness; he himself would hold out to the death. But the Inspector and the Administrator in the end sent men to sue for peace and opened the city gates to receive Ma Chao. Ma Chao entered, confined Yang Fu's cousin Yang Yue at Ji, and had Yang Ang kill the Inspector and the Administrator. The biography of Ma Chao records that Ma Chao killed Wei Kang, Inspector of Liang Province, occupied the city of Ji, and took over his following. Records, Wei 25 §28Records, Shu 6 §28
Afterwards Wei Kang's former officials and people, Yang Fu, Jiang Xu, Liang Kuan, Zhao Qu and others, plotted together to strike Ma Chao. Yang Fu went to see his elder cousin on his mother's side, Jiang Xu, and said that he had defended the city without being able to hold it and had not been able to die when his lord died; Ma Chao had turned against his father and rebelled against his sovereign and cruelly killed the general of the province, so that the gentry of the whole province all bore that disgrace. The biography of Yang Fu records that they raised troops at Lucheng in the 9th month of the 17th year of Jian'an (212). Records, Shu 6 §29Records, Wei 25 §29 · 31
After Longyou was pacified, the Grand Progenitor granted Yang Fu the rank of Marquis Within the Passes, but Yang Fu declined, saying that while his lord lived he had done nothing to ward off the calamity, and when his lord died he had not proved his loyalty by dying. Records, Wei 25 §33
Chen Shou's text does not give Wei Kang's courtesy name, his place of origin or the year of his death, and the assessment at the end of volume 25, which contains the biography of Yang Fu, does not evaluate him separately. Records, Wei 25 §24–33 · 120
In Chapter 59 of the Romance, when Cao Cao, having pursued Ma Chao as far as Anding, returns to Chang'an, Yang Fu, Army Adviser of Liang Province, comes to him and says that unless he seizes the moment to root out Ma Chao, the commanderies of Longshang will never again belong to the state. When Cao Cao says that with so much afoot in the Central Plains he cannot stay long and asks Yang Fu to hold the region for him, Yang Fu recommends Wei Kang as Inspector of Liang Province, and the two decide to command the troops together and garrison Ji to hold off Ma Chao. Romance, Ch. 59 §38–40
In Chapter 64, Ma Chao, who has been in the lands of the Qiang for more than two years since his defeat, attacks and takes the provinces and commanderies of Longxi, and only Ji does not fall. The Inspector Wei Kang sends men to Xiahou Yuan again and again to ask for help, but Xiahou Yuan, having received no orders from Cao Cao, dares not move his troops. When no relief comes, Wei Kang confers with the others and says that they would do best to surrender to Ma Chao. Romance, Ch. 64 §33
The Army Adviser Yang Fu weeps and remonstrates that Ma Chao's band are men who rebelled against their sovereign, but Wei Kang says, 'Things have come to this pass; what are we waiting for if we do not surrender?', throws the city gates wide open and surrenders to Ma Chao. Ma Chao, saying 'You ask to surrender because you are hard pressed, not from your heart,' flies into a rage and beheads all of Wei Kang's household, more than forty people, sparing no one. When told that Yang Fu should be beheaded too, he spares him as a man who kept to righteousness. Romance, Ch. 64 §34
Saying he must bury his wife, Yang Fu obtains leave and goes to Jiang Xu at Licheng, weeping that he defended the city yet could not hold it and could not die when his master died. Jiang Xu's mother rebukes Jiang Xu, saying, 'That Commissioner Wei came to harm is your crime as well,' and Jiang Xu confers with Yin Feng and Zhao Ang and resolves to avenge Wei Kang. Romance, Ch. 64 §36–37 · 39
How he became Inspector: In Chapter 59 of the Romance, after Ma Chao's defeat at Weinan, Yang Fu recommends Wei Kang to Cao Cao as Inspector of Liang Province. In the Records, when Wei Duan, Governor of Liang Province, was summoned to become Minister Coachman, his son Wei Kang became Inspector in his place and summoned Yang Fu to be his Aide-de-camp, and the biography of Xun Yu records Wei Kang as a man recommended by Xun Yu. Romance, Ch. 59 §40Records, Wei 25 §25Records, Wei 10 §16
Yang Fu's advice: In Chapter 59 of the Romance, Cao Cao listens to Yang Fu and entrusts him with holding the region. In the biography of Yang Fu in the Records, the Grand Progenitor approved of Yang Fu's words, but because the army returned in haste, the precautions did not cover everything. Romance, Ch. 59 §39Records, Wei 25 §26
Xiahou Yuan's relief: In Chapter 64 of the Romance, Xiahou Yuan, having received no orders from Cao Cao, dares not move his troops. In the biography of Xiahou Yuan in the Records, Xiahou Yuan went to rescue Wei Kang, but Wei Kang was defeated before he arrived. Romance, Ch. 64 §33Records, Wei 9 §17
Yan Wen: In the Records, the province secretly sent out the Aide-de-camp Yan Wen to report the emergency to Xiahou Yuan, and only after Yan Wen was killed by Ma Chao did the Inspector and the Administrator plan to surrender. Yan Wen does not appear in Chapter 64 of the Romance, and Wei Kang discusses surrender as soon as relief fails to come. Records, Wei 18 §83–85Records, Wei 25 §28Romance, Ch. 64 §33
Who decided to surrender: In Chapter 64 of the Romance, Wei Kang rejects Yang Fu's remonstrance and throws the city gates wide open himself to surrender. In the biography of Yang Fu in the Records, the Inspector and the Administrator together sent men to sue for peace and then opened the city gates to receive Ma Chao. Romance, Ch. 64 §34Records, Wei 25 §28
Death: In Chapter 64 of the Romance, Ma Chao, saying the surrender is not sincere, beheads all of Wei Kang's household, more than forty people. In the Records, Ma Chao entered the city and had Yang Ang kill the Inspector and the Administrator; Chen Shou's text says nothing about killing his household. Romance, Ch. 64 §34Records, Wei 25 §28Records, Shu 6 §28
Jiang Xu's mother: In Chapter 64 of the Romance, Jiang Xu's mother rebukes Jiang Xu, saying, 'That Commissioner Wei came to harm is your crime as well.' In the biography of Yang Fu in the Records, Jiang Xu's mother only orders Jiang Xu indignantly to follow Yang Fu's plan, and there is no rebuke invoking Wei Kang. Romance, Ch. 64 §37Records, Wei 25 §30
Xun Yu's recommendation: The biography of Xun Yu in the Records records Wei Kang as a man recommended by Xun Yu who later came to ruin. In the Romance the man who recommends Wei Kang is Yang Fu, and there is no passage linking Xun Yu and Wei Kang. Records, Wei 10 §16Romance, Ch. 59 §40
Written by 3KDEX (not yet reviewed) — The tags at the end of each paragraph link to the exact passage in the Records volume or Romance chapter it is based on.
The Records score (Chen Shou’s Records of the Three Kingdoms, main text) is the baseline. Each ability compares how the Romance redrew the same person, and the evidence from both sources explains the difference.
RHis former officials and people, Yang Fu and others, plotted together to strike Ma ChaoShu 6 §29
NNo direct record — estimated from his former subordinates seeking to avenge himCh. 64 §39
RNo direct record — estimated from his former officials following himShu 6 §29
NOpened the city gates and surrendered to Ma Chao, who had rebelled against his sovereignCh. 64 §34
RNo direct record — estimated from his post as InspectorShu 6 §28
NHis surrender was deemed one of desperation, and more than forty of his household were wiped outCh. 64 §34
RNo direct record — estimated from his post as InspectorWei 10 §16
NRejected Yang Fu's remonstranceCh. 64 §34
RNo direct record — estimated from his post as InspectorWei 10 §16
NIgnored Yang Fu's remonstrance and chose to surrenderCh. 64 §34
RDefeated by Ma Chao at Ji, and came to ruin after being given Liang ProvinceWei 9 §17Wei 10 §16
NHeld Ji alone, but surrendered when no relief cameCh. 64 §33
RNo direct record — estimated from his post as InspectorWei 9 §17
NNo direct record — estimated from his post as InspectorCh. 64 §33
RNo direct record — estimated from his post as Inspector of Liang ProvinceWei 10 §16
NNo direct record — estimated from his post as Inspector of Liang ProvinceCh. 59 §40
RNo direct record — estimated from his being recommended by Xun YuWei 10 §16
NNo direct record — estimated from his post as InspectorCh. 59 §40
RNo direct record — estimated from his post as InspectorWei 10 §16
NNo direct record — estimated from his post as InspectorCh. 64 §33
Records Romance Unverified No direct record; scored from their actions (evidence grade C)
3KDEX scoring — the Records use the main text of Chen Shou’s Records of the Three Kingdoms; the Romance uses the 120-chapter Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Click a source tag to open that passage in the reader.
AppearsNot present Chapter list →
Includes automatic matching from Wikipedia infoboxes and source keywords (unverified).