RWith Zhao Qu and others, tricked Ma Chao into going out and struck behind himWei 9 §18
NNo direct record — estimatedCh. 64 §39
| Occupation | ROfficial · Attendant Officer of Liang Province NGeneral · Colonel Commanding Troops | Faction | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Appears | RN | Biography in | |
| Born | Native place | Hanyang Commandery | |
| Existence | Historical | Mentions | R7 |
Yin Feng was a man of Hanyang. When Ma Chao seized the city of Ji, he, as a fellow townsman of Yang Fu, made a pact with Jiang Xu, Yang Fu and others to attack Ma Chao, and the Annals of Emperor Wu record that in the 1st month, spring, of the 19th year of Jian'an (214) Zhao Qu of Nan'an, Yin Feng of Hanyang and others attacked Ma Chao, killed his wife and children and exposed their heads, and Ma Chao fled to Hanzhong. Records, Wei 25 §30Records, Wei 1 §136
He has no biography of his own in the Records; his name appears in connection with this event in the Annals of Emperor Wu, the Biography of Xiahou Yuan and the Biography of Yang Fu in the Records of Wei. A Yin Feng, Administrator of Dunhuang, also appears in the account of Zhang Gong appended to the Biography of Yan Wen and in the Biography of Cang Ci in the Records of Wei, but Chen Shou's main text does not state whether this man is the same Yin Feng who attacked Ma Chao. Records, Wei 9 §18Records, Wei 18 §89Records, Wei 16 §93
In the Romance he appears only in Chapter 64, as Colonel Commanding Troops (tongbing xiaowei), and thus in 1 of the 120 chapters; there is no chapter whose title contains his name. He raises troops together with Jiang Xu and Yang Fu, is stationed at Qishan with Zhao Ang, and strikes the rear of Ma Chao as Ma Chao pursues Jiang Xu. Romance, Ch. 64 §39–42
According to the Biography of Yang Fu, when Ma Chao attacked the commanderies and counties of Longshang and besieged the city of Ji, the Inspector Wei Kang and the Administrator in the end opened the city gates and admitted Ma Chao, and Ma Chao had Yang Ang kill the Inspector and the Administrator. After settling on a plan with his cousin Jiang Xu, Yang Fu formed a conspiracy outside the city with his fellow townsmen Jiang Yin, Zhao Ang, Yin Feng, Yao Qiong and Kong Xin and with Li Jun and Wang Ling of Wudu, and they fixed a pact to attack Ma Chao. He also sent his younger cousin Yang Mo to Ji to inform Yang Yue, and allied himself with Liang Kuan of Anding and with Zhao Qu, Pang Gong and others of Nan'an. Records, Wei 25 §25 · 27–30
Once the covenant was settled, in the 9th month of the 17th year of Jian'an (212), Yang Fu raised troops at Lucheng together with Jiang Xu. When Ma Chao came out leading his troops in person, Zhao Qu, Liang Kuan and others released Yang Yue, shut the gates of Ji and attacked Ma Chao's wife and children. Ma Chao raided Licheng, seized Jiang Xu's mother and killed her, and after fighting Yang Fu fled south to Zhang Lu. The Biography of Yang Fu does not record anything Yin Feng did in this fighting. Records, Wei 25 §31–32
The Biography of Xiahou Yuan records this event under the 19th year of Jian'an (214). Zhao Qu, Yin Feng and others plotted to attack Ma Chao, and Jiang Xu raised troops at Lucheng in response. Zhao Qu and the others tricked Ma Chao into going out to attack Jiang Xu and then, behind him, killed all of Ma Chao's wife and children. Ma Chao fled to Hanzhong, then came back and besieged Qishan, and Jiang Xu and the others urgently asked for help. Records, Wei 9 §18
The Annals of Emperor Wu record that in the 1st month, spring, of the 19th year of Jian'an (214), Zhao Qu of Nan'an, Yin Feng of Hanyang and others attacked Ma Chao, killed his wife and children and exposed their heads, and Ma Chao fled to Hanzhong. Thus the Biography of Yang Fu records the same event as an uprising in the 9th month of the 17th year, while the Annals of Emperor Wu and the Biography of Xiahou Yuan record it as an event of the 19th year. Records, Wei 1 §136Records, Wei 25 §31Records, Wei 9 §18
According to the account of Zhang Gong appended to the Biography of Yan Wen in the Records of Wei, when the region west of the Yellow River was in turmoil and Ma Ai, Administrator of Dunhuang, died in office, the Officer of Merit Zhang Gong took charge of the duties of Chief Clerk and sent his son Zhang Jiu to Taizu (Cao Cao) to request an Administrator. At that time Huang Hua of Jiuquan and Zhang Jin of Zhangye each held his own commandery. Zhang Gong separately sent 200 armored cavalry along the northern frontier of Jiuquan and out to Beihe in Zhangye to meet the Administrator Yin Feng, and when Huang Hua went to Su Ze, Administrator of Jincheng, and surrendered, Yin Feng was able to take up his post. In the 2nd year of Huangchu (221) an edict was issued praising Zhang Gong. Records, Wei 18 §87 · 89–90
According to the Biography of Cang Ci, Dunhuang Commandery lay on the western frontier and, cut off by the disorders, had been without an Administrator for twenty years, so that the dominance of the great clans had become the custom. The former Administrators, Yin Feng and others, merely followed old practice and corrected or reformed nothing; Cang Ci, who took up the post in the Taihe era, suppressed the powerful clans and cared for the poor and weak. Chen Shou's main text does not state whether this Yin Feng, Administrator of Dunhuang, is the same man as the Yin Feng of Hanyang who attacked Ma Chao. Records, Wei 16 §92–93
In Chapter 64 of the Romance, Ma Chao takes the city of Ji and beheads all of Wei Kang's household, more than forty people. Yang Fu obtains leave on the pretext of burying his wife, visits Jiang Xu at Licheng and proposes that they attack Ma Chao, and Jiang Xu then confers with Yin Feng, Colonel Commanding Troops, and with Zhao Ang. Zhao Ang's son Zhao Yue is serving under Ma Chao as a junior general, but Zhao Ang makes up his mind after listening to his wife, Lady Wang. Romance, Ch. 64 §34 · 36 · 39–40
The next day they raise troops together; Jiang Xu and Yang Fu are stationed at Licheng, and Yin Feng and Zhao Ang at Qishan. Hearing that Jiang Xu and Yang Fu have joined forces with Yin Feng and Zhao Ang to rise against him, Ma Chao beheads Zhao Yue and charges toward Licheng. Jiang Xu and Yang Fu are defeated and flee, and as Ma Chao pursues them, Yin Feng and Zhao Ang charge in from behind and catch him between them; when Xiahou Yuan's main army also bursts in, Ma Chao is badly defeated and flees. Romance, Ch. 64 §40–42
At Ji, Liang Kuan and Zhao Qu cut down Ma Chao's wife, Lady Yang, and his young sons on the city wall and throw them down. Fleeing, Ma Chao fights a bout with Jiang Xu and Yang Fu and then another with Yin Feng and Zhao Ang, after which he enters Licheng, massacres its people and kills Jiang Xu's mother. The old and young of Yin Feng's and Zhao Ang's households are also all killed by Ma Chao. The next day, when Xiahou Yuan arrives, Ma Chao flees west, and Xiahou Yuan has Jiang Xu and the others each guard a separate area. Romance, Ch. 64 §43–45 · 47
His office: In Chapter 64 of the Romance, Yin Feng appears as Colonel Commanding Troops. Chen Shou's main text does not record Yin Feng's office at the time of the attack on Ma Chao, calling him only a fellow townsman of Yang Fu or a man of Hanyang. Romance, Ch. 64 §39Records, Wei 25 §30Records, Wei 1 §136
The station at Qishan and the pincer attack: In Chapter 64 of the Romance, Yin Feng is stationed at Qishan with Zhao Ang and strikes the rear of Ma Chao as he pursues Jiang Xu. Chen Shou's main text does not record where Yin Feng was or how he fought. In the Biography of Xiahou Yuan in the Records, Qishan is the place Ma Chao besieged when he came back after fleeing to Hanzhong. Romance, Ch. 64 §40 · 42Records, Wei 9 §18
Ma Chao's wife and children: In Chapter 64 of the Romance, Liang Kuan and Zhao Qu cut down Ma Chao's wife and children on the wall of Ji. In the Records, the Annals of Emperor Wu state that Zhao Qu of Nan'an, Yin Feng of Hanyang and others attacked Ma Chao, killed his wife and children and exposed their heads, while the Biography of Xiahou Yuan says that Zhao Qu and others, and the Biography of Yang Fu that Zhao Qu, Liang Kuan and others, struck at his wife and children. Romance, Ch. 64 §43Records, Wei 1 §136Records, Wei 9 §18Records, Wei 25 §31
Yin Feng's household: In Chapter 64 of the Romance, the old and young of Yin Feng's and Zhao Ang's households are all killed by Ma Chao. In Chen Shou's main text, the person Ma Chao killed at Licheng was Jiang Xu's mother, and there is no mention of harm coming to Yin Feng's household. Romance, Ch. 64 §45Records, Wei 25 §31–32
Afterwards: In the Romance, Yin Feng does not appear again after Chapter 64. The Records mention a Yin Feng, Administrator of Dunhuang, whom Zhang Gong received, and a Yin Feng who was a former Administrator of Dunhuang before Cang Ci, but Chen Shou's main text does not state whether he is the same man as the Yin Feng who attacked Ma Chao. Romance, Ch. 64 §47Records, Wei 18 §89–90Records, Wei 16 §93
Written by 3KDEX (not yet reviewed) — The tags at the end of each paragraph link to the exact passage in the Records volume or Romance chapter it is based on.
The Records score (Chen Shou’s Records of the Three Kingdoms, main text) is the baseline. Each ability compares how the Romance redrew the same person, and the evidence from both sources explains the difference.
RWith Zhao Qu and others, tricked Ma Chao into going out and struck behind himWei 9 §18
NNo direct record — estimatedCh. 64 §39
RChose his side while Ma Chao was powerful and plotted to attack himWei 9 §18
NNo direct record — estimatedCh. 64 §41
RAttacked Ma Chao with Zhao Qu, killed his wife and children, and drove him to HanzhongWei 1 §136Wei 9 §18
NStationed at Qishan, struck Ma Chao from behind in a pincer attack and routed himCh. 64 §40Ch. 64 §42
RNo direct record — estimated from his part in the uprisingWei 9 §18
NFought a bout with the fleeing Ma ChaoCh. 64 §44
RAs Administrator of Dunhuang, merely followed old practice and corrected nothingWei 16 §93
NNo direct record — estimatedCh. 64 §39
RNo direct record — estimated from his conspiring with his fellow townsmenWei 25 §30
NNo direct record — estimatedCh. 64 §39
RJoined his fellow townsmen in the conspiracy to attack Ma ChaoWei 25 §30
NAs Colonel Commanding Troops, joined the uprising to avenge Wei KangCh. 64 §39
RNo direct record — estimatedWei 25 §30
NNo direct record — estimatedCh. 64 §39
RNo direct record — estimatedWei 25 §30
NNo direct record — estimatedCh. 64 §39
RNo direct record — estimatedWei 25 §30
NNo direct record — estimatedCh. 64 §39
Records Romance Unverified No direct record; scored from their actions (evidence grade C)
3KDEX scoring — the Records use the main text of Chen Shou’s Records of the Three Kingdoms; the Romance uses the 120-chapter Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Click a source tag to open that passage in the reader.
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Includes automatic matching from Wikipedia infoboxes and source keywords (unverified).