Ding Yi 丁廙
| Occupation | ROfficial · Gentleman of the Yellow Gate | Faction | Wei Unverified |
|---|---|---|---|
| Appears | RN | Biography in | Book of Wei |
| Born | R? N? Unverified | Native place | Pei Commandery |
| Died | R220 N(same) Unverified | Place of death | |
| Cause of death | RExecuted NExecuted Unverified | ||
| Existence | Historical | Mentions | R8 |
Profile
Ding Yi (丁廙) was a man of Pei State. Chen Shou counted him, together with Ding Yi (丁儀), among those who had literary talent, and when Cao Cao's son Cao Zhi received special favor for his talent, he became one of Cao Zhi's wings together with Ding Yi (丁儀), Yang Xiu and others. Records, Wei 21 §24Records, Wei 19 §14
After Cao Pi was settled as heir and took the throne as King of Wei in the 25th year of Jian'an (220), Ding Yi (丁廙) was put to death together with Ding Yi (丁儀) and even the men of their households. Records, Wei 19 §15 · 18Records, Wei 2 §1
The Records have no separate biography of him; his name appears in the Biographies of the Princes of Rencheng, Chen and Xiao in Records of Wei 19 and the Biographies of Wang, Wei, the Two Lius and Fu in Records of Wei 21, and it is absent from Chen Shou's assessments. In the Romance he appears only in Chapter 79, and his name is not in the chapter title. The Romance depicts him as the brother of Ding Yi (丁儀), drinking with Cao Zhi alongside him and rebuking the court's ministers before Cao Pi's envoy, then being seized by Xu Chu and put to death first, together with Ding Yi (丁儀). Records, Wei 19 §14 · 18 · 69Records, Wei 21 §23–24 · 99Romance, Ch. 79 §8–11
In the Records
Ding Yi (丁廙) was a man of Pei State. After naming seven men of letters, Chen Shou wrote that Handan Chun and Fan Qin of Yingchuan, Lu Cui of Chenliu, Ding Yi (丁儀) and Ding Yi (丁廙) of Pei State, Yang Xiu of Hongnong, Xun Wei of Henei and others also had literary talent but were not ranked among those seven. Records, Wei 21 §23–24
Cao Cao's son Cao Zhi was enfeoffed as Marquis of Pingyuan in the 16th year of Jian'an (211) and as Marquis of Linzi in the 19th year (214). As Cao Zhi received special favor for his talent, Ding Yi (丁儀), Ding Yi (丁廙), Yang Xiu and others became his wings, and Cao Cao, wavering, several times came close to making him crown prince. Records, Wei 19 §14
But Cao Zhi acted as he pleased, did not discipline or exert himself, and drank without restraint. Cao Pi handled matters with artifice, restraining his feelings and putting on a good appearance, and the palace women and his attendants all spoke well of him, so in the end he was settled as heir. Cao Cao, worried about upheavals to come, had Yang Xiu, who was talented and resourceful and a nephew of the Yuan clan, charged with a crime and put to death, and Cao Zhi grew all the more uneasy at heart. Records, Wei 19 §15–16
When Cao Cao died, Cao Pi succeeded him as Chancellor and King of Wei and changed the 25th year of Jian'an to the 1st year of Yankang (220). On taking the throne as king, Cao Pi put to death Ding Yi (丁儀) and Ding Yi (丁廙) together with the men of their households, and Cao Zhi went to his fief along with the other marquises. Records, Wei 2 §1Records, Wei 19 §18
In the Romance
In Chapter 79 of the Romance, after changing the era name to the 1st year of Yankang, Cao Pi, at Hua Xin's request, sends envoys to call to account Cao Zhi, Marquis of Linzi, and Cao Xiong, Marquis of Xiaohuai, who have not come to the mourning. The envoy who went to Linzi reports that the Marquis of Linzi drinks himself drunk every day with the two brothers Ding Yi (丁儀) and Ding Yi (丁廙), and that when the envoy arrived he sat upright and did not stir. Romance, Ch. 79 §4 · 7–8
According to the envoy, Ding Yi (丁儀) first cursed, asking why, with the king's mourning not yet long past, Cao Pi was already calling his own flesh and blood to account; Ding Yi (丁廙) then said that their lord, whose brilliance surpassed all the world, should by rights have succeeded to the high throne but had not been set up after all, and rebuked the court's ministers for being so blind to talent. Cao Zhi, in anger, had his warriors beat the envoy with clubs and drive him out. Romance, Ch. 79 §8–9
Cao Pi, enraged, gives Xu Chu 3,000 men of the Tiger Guard and sends him to Linzi. Xu Chu beheads the defending commander who tries to stop him and goes straight to the hall of the residence, where he binds Cao Zhi, Ding Yi (丁儀), Ding Yi (丁廙) and the others, who are lying drunk, and escorts them all to Ye Commandery. Cao Pi gives the order to put Ding Yi (丁儀), Ding Yi (丁廙) and the others to death first. The Romance gives Ding Yi (丁儀)'s courtesy name as Zhengli and Ding Yi (丁廙)'s as Jingli, and records that the two were men of Pei Commandery and men of letters of their time, and that many people lamented their deaths. Romance, Ch. 79 §10–11
Where the Romance differs
How he died: In Chapter 79 of the Romance, Ding Yi (丁廙) rebukes the court's ministers before Cao Pi's envoy, Xu Chu binds the drunken Cao Zhi, Ding Yi (丁儀), Ding Yi (丁廙) and the others at Linzi and escorts them to Ye Commandery, and Cao Pi then puts Ding Yi (丁儀), Ding Yi (丁廙) and the others to death first. The Records state only that when Cao Pi took the throne as king he put to death Ding Yi (丁儀) and Ding Yi (丁廙) together with the men of their households; the rebuking of the envoy and the arrest by Xu Chu do not appear. Romance, Ch. 79 §8–11Records, Wei 19 §14–18
The succession struggle: In Chapter 79 of the Romance, Ding Yi (丁廙) says that Cao Zhi, whose brilliance surpassed all the world, should by rights have succeeded to the high throne but was not set up. The Records state that Ding Yi (丁儀), Ding Yi (丁廙), Yang Xiu and others became Cao Zhi's wings and Cao Cao several times came close to making Cao Zhi crown prince, but that while Cao Zhi acted as he pleased and could not restrain his drinking, Cao Pi handled matters with artifice and was settled as heir. Romance, Ch. 79 §8Records, Wei 19 §14–15
Those who died with him: The Records state that the men of their households were put to death together with Ding Yi (丁儀) and Ding Yi (丁廙). Chapter 79 of the Romance says only that Ding Yi (丁儀), Ding Yi (丁廙) and the others were put to death first, and says nothing of their households. Records, Wei 19 §18Romance, Ch. 79 §11
Courtesy name and character: Chapter 79 of the Romance gives Ding Yi (丁廙)'s courtesy name as Jingli and records that he was a man of Pei Commandery and a man of letters of his time. Chen Shou's main text in the Records says only that he was a man of Pei State who had literary talent but was not ranked among the seven, and does not give his courtesy name. Romance, Ch. 79 §11Records, Wei 21 §24
Written by 3KDEX (not yet reviewed) — The tags at the end of each paragraph link to the exact passage in the Records volume or Romance chapter it is based on.
Abilities
The Records score (Chen Shou’s Records of the Three Kingdoms, main text) is the baseline. Each ability compares how the Romance redrew the same person, and the evidence from both sources explains the difference.
- LEA3131±0
- STR3131±0
- INT4240−2
- POL3835−3
- CHA4045+5
- VIR4040±0
- ADP2835+7
- SCH6262±0
- DIP4238−4
- DIS3836−2
Abilities shaped by the Romance — where it differs from the Records Differences of 10 or more
No ability differs by 10 or more — the Romance portrays this person much as the Records do.
10 similar abilities — show evidence
RNo direct record — estimated from his being a man of lettersWei 19 §14
NNo direct record — estimated from his being a man of lettersCh. 79 §11
RNo direct record — estimated from his being a man of lettersWei 19 §14
NNo direct record — estimated from his being a man of lettersCh. 79 §11
RNo direct record — estimated from his role as one of Cao Zhi's wingsWei 19 §14
NNo direct record — estimated from his being a man of lettersCh. 79 §11
RNo direct record — estimated from his careerWei 19 §14
NNo direct record — estimated from his being a man of lettersCh. 79 §11
RNo direct record — estimated from his careerWei 19 §14
NMany people lamented his deathCh. 79 §11
RNo direct record — estimated from his careerWei 19 §14
NNo direct record — estimated from his careerCh. 79 §11
RBecame one of Cao Zhi's wings, then was executed with his clan after Emperor Wen took the throneWei 19 §14Wei 19 §18
NNo direct record — estimated from his being put to death by Cao PiCh. 79 §11
RHad literary talent but was not ranked among the seven men of letters of Jian'anWei 21 §24
NRecorded as a man of letters of his timeCh. 79 §11
RNo direct record — estimated from his promoting Cao Zhi as crown princeWei 19 §14
NNo direct record — estimated from his careerCh. 79 §11
RNo direct record — estimated from his careerWei 19 §14
NNo direct record — estimated from his careerCh. 79 §11
Records Romance Unverified No direct record; scored from their actions (evidence grade C)
3KDEX scoring — the Records use the main text of Chen Shou’s Records of the Three Kingdoms; the Romance uses the 120-chapter Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Click a source tag to open that passage in the reader.
Romance chapters (1)
AppearsNot present Chapter list →
Allegiance history
- Wei Unverified · Records
Family
| Siblings | Ding Yi(丁儀) Romance |
|---|
Based on Wikidata items for the historical and Romance figures. Relations without the Unverified badge were also confirmed in the Records.