Huangfu Song 皇甫嵩

RecordsRomance 황보숭

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OccupationRNGeneral · General of Chariots and CavalryFaction
AppearsRNBiography in
ExistenceHistoricalMentionsR9

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Huangfu Song was a general sent by the Han court to attack the Yellow Turbans. In the 1st year of Zhongping (184), when Zhang Jue, leader of the Yellow Turbans, rose in Wei Commandery and thirty-six bands rose together in a single morning, the court ordered Huangfu Song, General of Chariots and Cavalry, and Zhu Jun, General of the Household, to lead troops and suppress them. Records, Wu 1 §6

The Records have no biography of him and no assessment of him. In Chen Shou's main text his name appears only once, in this passage of the Biography of Sun Jian. In the Romance he first appears in Chapter 1 as one of the generals He Jin sends out along three routes, and he appears in 3 of the 120 chapters, though his name does not feature in any chapter title. At Yingchuan he breaks the Yellow Turbans with fire together with Zhu Jun, at Quyang he beheads Zhang Liang, and in Chapter 9, after Dong Zhuo's death, he takes part in confiscating Meiwu. Records, Wu 1 §6Romance, Ch. 1 §12 · 35Romance, Ch. 2 §8Romance, Ch. 9 §28–29

In the Records

In the 1st year of Zhongping (184), Zhang Jue, leader of the Yellow Turbans, rose in Wei Commandery. Claiming the authority of the spirits, he sent out eight emissaries, saying they would convert the realm, while secretly linking his followers together, and he styled himself 'Huangtian Taiping' (Yellow Heaven, Great Peace). On the jiazi day of the 3rd month, thirty-six bands rose all at once in a single morning, burning commanderies and counties and killing the senior officials, and the Han court sent Huangfu Song, General of Chariots and Cavalry, and Zhu Jun, General of the Household, to lead troops and suppress them. In Chen Shou's main text Huangfu Song's name appears only this once, in this passage of the Biography of Sun Jian, and there is no biography of him. Records, Wu 1 §6

In the Romance

In Chapter 1 of the Romance, when the common people who have wrapped their heads in yellow turbans and followed Zhang Jue number four to five hundred thousand and the government troops collapse at the mere rumor of them, He Jin petitions the emperor to issue an edict and has Lu Zhi, Huangfu Song and Zhu Jun, Generals of the Household, each lead elite troops and attack along three separate routes. Lu Zhi, facing Zhang Jue at Guangzong, sends Liu Bei to Yingchuan, saying that Zhang Jue's younger brothers Zhang Liang and Zhang Bao are facing Huangfu Song and Zhu Jun there. Romance, Ch. 1 §12 · 34

When the rebels, faring badly in the fighting at Yingchuan, withdraw to Changshe and pitch camp against the grassland, Huangfu Song plans with Zhu Jun to attack them with fire. He has each soldier bind a bundle of grass and lie in hiding, and that night, when a great wind rises, after the second watch they set fire all at once and the two generals each lead their troops to attack the rebel camp. Zhang Liang and Zhang Bao, fleeing in defeat, are cut off by Cao Cao, Commandant of Cavalry, who takes more than ten thousand heads, and after meeting Huangfu Song and Zhu Jun, Cao Cao sets off in pursuit of them. Romance, Ch. 1 §35–36 · 40–41

When Liu Bei arrives after the battle is over and conveys Lu Zhi's intentions, Huangfu Song tells him that Zhang Liang and Zhang Bao, their strength exhausted, are bound to go to Guangzong to rely on Zhang Jue, and that he should hurry there through the night to help. Romance, Ch. 1 §42

In Chapter 2, Cao Cao follows Huangfu Song and fights a great battle with Zhang Liang at Quyang. A scout sent by Zhu Jun reports that, as Dong Zhuo had been defeated repeatedly, the court had Huangfu Song replace him; that by the time Huangfu Song arrived Zhang Jue was already dead; and that Huangfu Song won seven battles in a row and beheaded Zhang Liang at Quyang, and dug up Zhang Jue's coffin, cut the head from the corpse and sent it to the capital. The rest of the rebels all surrendered, the court promoted Huangfu Song to General of Chariots and Cavalry and gave him the post of Governor of Ji Province, and, Huangfu Song having submitted a memorial that Lu Zhi had merit and no guilt, the court restored Lu Zhi to his former office, the scout reports. Romance, Ch. 2 §3 · 8–9

In the same chapter, Zhao Zhong and Zhang Rang of the Ten Regular Attendants send men to demand gold and silk from the generals who crushed the Yellow Turbans, and have those who refuse removed from office by memorial. Huangfu Song and Zhu Jun both refuse to pay, and on the memorials of Zhao Zhong and the others both lose their posts. Romance, Ch. 2 §29

In Chapter 9, after Lü Bu has killed Dong Zhuo, Wang Yun has Lü Bu go to Meiwu with Huangfu Song and Li Su at the head of 50,000 troops to confiscate Dong Zhuo's property and household. Huangfu Song has all the sons and daughters of good families held in Meiwu set free, while Dong Zhuo's relatives, old and young alike, are all put to death. The several hundred thousand in gold, several million in silver, and countless silks, treasures and provisions seized at Meiwu are reported to Wang Yun. Romance, Ch. 9 §25 · 28–30

Where the Romance differs

His office when he set out: In Chapter 1 of the Romance, He Jin sends 'Lu Zhi, Huangfu Song and Zhu Jun, Generals of the Household' along three routes, and Huangfu Song becomes General of Chariots and Cavalry only after pacifying the Yellow Turbans in Chapter 2. The Biography of Sun Jian in the Records states that the Han court sent 'Huangfu Song, General of Chariots and Cavalry, and Zhu Jun, General of the Household' from the start, and Lu Zhi does not appear in this passage. Romance, Ch. 1 §12Romance, Ch. 2 §9Records, Wu 1 §6

The fire attack at Yingchuan: In Chapter 1 of the Romance, Huangfu Song and Zhu Jun break with fire the rebels camped in the grassland at Changshe. This battle is not in Chen Shou's main text, and the Biography of Sun Jian goes no further than saying he was sent on the campaign together with Zhu Jun. Romance, Ch. 1 §35Records, Wu 1 §6

Replacing Dong Zhuo: In Chapter 2 of the Romance, the court has Huangfu Song replace Dong Zhuo after Dong Zhuo's repeated defeats. The Biography of Dong Zhuo in the Records states only that Dong Zhuo, as General of the Household, attacked the Yellow Turbans, was defeated and was punished, and does not say who replaced him. Romance, Ch. 2 §8Records, Wei 6 §3

Relations with Cao Cao: In Chapters 1 and 2 of the Romance, Cao Cao, Commandant of Cavalry, meets Huangfu Song and Zhu Jun at Yingchuan and then follows Huangfu Song to fight Zhang Liang at Quyang. The Annals of Emperor Wu in the Records state only that Cao Cao was appointed Commandant of Cavalry and attacked the rebels of Yingchuan, and Huangfu Song does not appear. Romance, Ch. 1 §41Romance, Ch. 2 §3Records, Wei 1 §3

Beheading Zhang Liang and its aftermath: The victory at Quyang in Chapter 2 of the Romance, the beheading of Zhang Jue's corpse, the appointment as General of Chariots and Cavalry and Governor of Ji Province, the memorial asking for Lu Zhi's reinstatement, and the loss of office for refusing to bribe the Ten Regular Attendants are not in Chen Shou's main text. In Chen Shou's main text Huangfu Song appears only once, in the Biography of Sun Jian. Romance, Ch. 2 §8–9 · 29Records, Wu 1 §6

The confiscation of Meiwu: In Chapter 9 of the Romance, Huangfu Song goes to Meiwu with Lü Bu and Li Su, confiscates Dong Zhuo's property and frees the sons and daughters of good families. In the Biography of Dong Zhuo in the Records, Lü Bu killed Dong Zhuo and exterminated his family to the third degree, and Li Su, sent to attack Niu Fu at Shan, was defeated and killed by Lü Bu. Huangfu Song does not appear in this account. Romance, Ch. 9 §28–29Records, Wei 6 §16 · 19

Written by 3KDEX (not yet reviewed) — The tags at the end of each paragraph link to the exact passage in the Records volume or Romance chapter it is based on.

Abilities

The Records score (Chen Shou’s Records of the Three Kingdoms, main text) is the baseline. Each ability compares how the Romance redrew the same person, and the evidence from both sources explains the difference.

LEASTRINTPOLCHAVIRADPSCHDIPDIS
Records (solid) vs Romance (dashed)
  • LEA5576+21
  • STR4045+5
  • INT4064+24
  • POL4045+5
  • CHA4050+10
  • VIR4575+30
  • ADP4042+2
  • SCH3535±0
  • DIP3540+5
  • DIS4055+15
Records · Romance scores and difference (Romance − Records · left = lowered by the Romance · right = raised)

Abilities shaped by the Romance — where it differs from the Records Differences of 10 or more

VirtueR45UnverifiedN75 +30

RNo direct recordWu 1 §6

NRefused the Ten Regular Attendants' demand for bribes and freed the sons and daughters of good families at MeiwuCh. 2 §29Ch. 9 §29

IntelligenceR40UnverifiedN64 +24

RNo direct recordWu 1 §6

NUsed fire against a camp pitched in the grassland and foresaw the route of Zhang Liang and Zhang BaoCh. 1 §35Ch. 1 §42

LeadershipR55N76 +21

RAs General of Chariots and Cavalry, was charged with suppressing the Yellow Turbans together with Zhu JunWu 1 §6

NBroke the Yellow Turbans with fire and beheaded Zhang Liang after seven straight victories at QuyangCh. 1 §35Ch. 2 §8

DiscernmentR40UnverifiedN55 +15

RNo direct recordWu 1 §6

NHad the meritorious Lu Zhi reinstated by submitting a memorialCh. 2 §9

CharismaR40UnverifiedN50Unverified +10

RNo direct recordWu 1 §6

NNo direct recordCh. 2 §9

5 similar abilities — show evidence
  • StrengthR40UnverifiedN45Unverified +5

    RNo direct record — estimated from his career as a general of the Han courtWu 1 §6

    NNo direct record — estimated from his career as a generalCh. 2 §8

  • PoliticsR40UnverifiedN45Unverified +5

    RNo direct recordWu 1 §6

    NNo direct record — estimated from his appointment as Governor of Ji ProvinceCh. 2 §9

  • AdaptabilityR40UnverifiedN42Unverified +2

    RNo direct recordWu 1 §6

    NNo direct record — estimated from his loss of officeCh. 2 §29

  • ScholarshipR35UnverifiedN35Unverified ±0

    RNo direct recordWu 1 §6

    NNo direct recordCh. 2 §9

  • DiplomacyR35UnverifiedN40Unverified +5

    RNo direct recordWu 1 §6

    NNo direct recordCh. 1 §42

Records Romance Unverified No direct record; scored from their actions (evidence grade C)

3KDEX scoring — the Records use the main text of Chen Shou’s Records of the Three Kingdoms; the Romance uses the 120-chapter Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Click a source tag to open that passage in the reader.

Romance chapters (3)

AppearsNot present Chapter list →

Related events (4)

Includes automatic matching from Wikipedia infoboxes and source keywords (unverified).