Lady Xu 徐氏

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Lady Xu was the wife of Sun Yi, Administrator of Danyang and younger brother of Sun Quan. Chapter 38 of the Romance introduces her as beautiful and wise and highly skilled at divination by the Book of Changes. When Sun Yi dies by the sword of his attendant Bian Hong in a plot devised by the Supervising Commander Gui Lan and the Assistant of the Commandery Dai Yuan, Lady Xu feigns consent to Gui Lan, who wants to take her, asking him to wait until after the sacrifice on the last day of the month, and has Sun Yi's former generals Sun Gao and Fu Ying kill Gui Lan and Dai Yuan. Romance, Ch. 38 §31–36

She appears only in Chapter 38, 1 of the 120 chapters of the Romance, and no chapter has her name in its title. She does not appear in Chen Shou's main text and is recorded only in Pei Songzhi's commentary. In Chen Shou's main text, the Biographies of the Imperial Clan record that Sun Yi was murdered by his attendant Bian Hong, that Bian Hong too was soon executed, and that later Sun Yi's subordinates Xu Yuan, Sun Gao, Fu Ying and others killed Gui Lan and Dai Yuan. The Biography of the Lord of Wu dates the harming of Sun Yi to the 9th year of Jian'an (204). Romance, Ch. 38 §31Records, Wu 6 §34 · 42Records, Wu 2 §8

In the Romance

Chapter 38 of the Romance says that Sun Quan's younger brother Sun Yi, Administrator of Danyang, was rough by nature and fond of wine and when drunk would often flog his soldiers, and that Gui Lan, the Supervising Commander of Danyang, and Dai Yuan, Assistant of the Commandery, became of one mind with Sun Yi's attendant Bian Hong and plotted to kill Sun Yi. When the generals and county magistrates gather at Danyang and Sun Yi is about to hold a banquet to entertain them, his wife Lady Xu, saying that the hexagram she has drawn that day is gravely ominous, urges him not to go out and meet his guests. Romance, Ch. 38 §31

Sun Yi does not listen and holds a great gathering, and in the evening, when the party breaks up, he is killed by the sword of Bian Hong, who has followed him out of the gate. Gui Lan and Dai Yuan lay the blame on Bian Hong and behead him in the marketplace, and plunder Sun Yi's property and his concubines. When Gui Lan, seeing Lady Xu's beauty, tells her that since he has avenged her husband she should follow him, and that if she does not she will die, Lady Xu replies that as her husband has not long been dead she cannot bear to follow him at once, and that it will not be too late to marry after she has held the sacrifice on the last day of the month and put off her mourning clothes. Gui Lan agrees. Romance, Ch. 38 §32–33

Lady Xu secretly summons to the official residence Sun Gao and Fu Ying, old generals who had been Sun Yi's trusted men, and tells them in tears that Gui Lan and Dai Yuan murdered her husband, laid the blame on Bian Hong alone and divided up the family's property and servants among themselves, and that since Gui Lan wants to take her by force, she has feigned consent to put him at ease. She then asks them to send someone through the night to inform the Marquis of Wu and to plot against the two traitors with a secret scheme, and bows to them again and again. The two, weeping, say that they will follow her command, and secretly send a trusted messenger to inform Sun Quan. Romance, Ch. 38 §33–34

On the last day of the month Lady Xu first hides Sun Gao and Fu Ying behind the curtains of an inner chamber and holds the sacrifice in the hall, and then takes off her mourning clothes, bathes, perfumes herself with incense, puts on heavy makeup and fine clothes, and laughs and talks as if nothing were amiss. Gui Lan, delighted to hear this, is invited to the official residence at night to drink, and when he is drunk she calls him into the inner chamber. When Lady Xu cries out, 'Generals Sun and Fu, where are you!', the two leap out from behind the curtains with swords in hand; Fu Ying cuts Gui Lan down and Sun Gao strikes again, killing him on the spot. Lady Xu then sends someone to invite Dai Yuan to the feast, and Dai Yuan too, on reaching the middle of the hall of the official residence, is killed by the two generals. She also has the families and remaining followers of the two traitors put to death. Romance, Ch. 38 §35–36

Lady Xu puts her mourning clothes on again and offers the heads of Gui Lan and Dai Yuan in sacrifice before Sun Yi's spirit tablet. Before long Sun Quan himself arrives at Danyang leading his troops and, seeing that Lady Xu has already killed the two traitors, appoints Sun Gao and Fu Ying Generals of the Standard to guard Danyang, and takes Lady Xu to his home to support her for the rest of her life. The Romance says that there was no one in Jiangdong who did not praise Lady Xu's virtue, and quotes a poem by a later writer that extols her as 'the heroine of Eastern Wu'. Romance, Ch. 38 §37–38

Written by 3KDEX (not yet reviewed) — The tags at the end of each paragraph link to the exact passage in the Records volume or Romance chapter it is based on.

Abilities

There is no record in the main text of Chen Shou’s Records, so only the Romance score is given.

LEASTRINTPOLCHAVIRADPSCHDIPDIS
Romance
  • LEA31
  • STR31
  • INT82
  • POL35
  • CHA62
  • VIR90
  • ADP80
  • SCH42
  • DIP55
  • DIS55
Each ability out of 100

Evidence by ability

  • LeadershipN31Unverified

    NNo direct record — estimated from her role as a wifeCh. 38 §31

  • StrengthN31Unverified

    NNo direct record — estimated from her role as a wifeCh. 38 §31

  • IntelligenceN82

    NBought time by feigning consent, then called Gui Lan into the inner chamber to be killed and had Dai Yuan killed as wellCh. 38 §32Ch. 38 §35Ch. 38 §36

  • PoliticsN35Unverified

    NNo direct record — estimated from her role as a wifeCh. 38 §31

  • CharismaN62

    NSun Gao and Fu Ying obeyed her command, and the people of Jiangdong praised her virtueCh. 38 §34Ch. 38 §37

  • VirtueN90

    NOffered the enemies' heads before her husband's spirit tablet, and a poem praises her as the heroine of Eastern WuCh. 38 §37Ch. 38 §38

  • AdaptabilityN80

    NIn the crisis of her husband's death, bought time on the pretext of the sacrifice on the last day of the monthCh. 38 §32

  • ScholarshipN42Unverified

    NNo direct record — recorded as beautiful and wiseCh. 38 §31

  • DiplomacyN55

    NMoved Sun Gao and Fu Ying to take revenge by telling them her plight in tearsCh. 38 §33

  • DiscernmentN55

    NChose Sun Gao and Fu Ying, whom her husband had called loyal and righteous, and entrusted the task to themCh. 38 §33

Special — talents Romance +25

  • Divination & astronomy

    NMaster +25 Highly skilled at divination by the Book of Changes, she saw an ominous hexagram and tried to stop her husbandCh. 38 §31

Romance Unverified No direct record; scored from their actions (evidence grade C)

3KDEX scoring — the Records use the main text of Chen Shou’s Records of the Three Kingdoms; the Romance uses the 120-chapter Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Click a source tag to open that passage in the reader.

Romance chapters (1)

AppearsNot present Chapter list →

Family

SpouseSun Yi(孫翊) Romance

Based on Wikidata items for the historical and Romance figures. Relations without the Unverified badge were also confirmed in the Records.