Wu Zilan 吳子蘭
| Occupation | RGeneral · General NGeneral · General Who Displays Good Faith | Faction | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Appears | RN | Biography in | |
| Born | N? Unverified | Native place | |
| Died | N200 Unverified | Place of death | |
| Cause of death | NExecuted Unverified | ||
| Existence | Historical | Mentions | R1 |
Profile
Wu Zilan was a general who took part in Dong Cheng's plot at the end of the Later Han. He has no biography of his own in the Records; in Chen Shou's main text his name appears once, in the Biography of the First Sovereign (Records of Shu 2). It is the passage saying that when Dong Cheng, General of Chariots and Cavalry and maternal uncle of Emperor Xian, claimed to have received a secret edict hidden in the emperor's sash and said that Lord Cao must be killed, Liu Bei joined the plot with Dong Cheng, the Colonel of the Changshui Chong Ji, the general Wu Zilan, Wang Zifu and others. Records, Shu 2 §15
The plot was discovered and Dong Cheng and the others were all executed, but Chen Shou's main text does not record separately what became of Wu Zilan, nor does it give his courtesy name or origin. The Records contain no assessment of him. In the Romance he first appears in Chapter 20 as a general whom Wang Zifu names as fit to join the plot, and appears in 3 of its 120 chapters, but he is not named in any chapter title. On the pledge in Chapter 21 'Wu Zilan, General Who Displays Good Faith' stands fifth, and in Chapter 23 he is among the five men whom the servant Qin Qingtong denounces to Cao Cao. Records, Shu 2 §15Romance, Ch. 20 §35Romance, Ch. 21 §5Romance, Ch. 23 §39
In the Records
According to the Biography of the First Sovereign, Liu Bei followed Lord Cao, who had captured Lü Bu at Xiapi, back to Xu and became General of the Left. At that time Dong Cheng, General of Chariots and Cavalry and maternal uncle of Emperor Xian, said he had received a secret edict hidden in the emperor's sash and that Lord Cao must be killed. Liu Bei did not act at first, but when Lord Cao remarked casually that the only heroes in the realm were 'you, my lord' and himself, Liu Bei dropped his spoon and chopsticks, and he finally joined the plot with Dong Cheng, the Colonel of the Changshui Chong Ji, the general Wu Zilan, Wang Zifu and others. But Liu Bei happened to be sent out on a mission and could not carry it out. Records, Shu 2 §14–15
The Annals of Emperor Wu also record that before Liu Bei went east he secretly plotted rebellion with Dong Cheng and others. The Biography of the First Sovereign records that the plot was discovered and Dong Cheng and the others were all executed, and the Annals of Emperor Wu record this as an event of the 1st month of spring in the 5th year of Jian'an (200), when the plot of Dong Cheng and the others leaked and all of them were executed. Both accounts name only Dong Cheng among those executed and do not state separately whether Wu Zilan was executed. Records, Wei 1 §56 · 58Records, Shu 2 §15
This passage is the only place where Wu Zilan appears in Chen Shou's main text. The Biography of the First Sovereign calls him only 'general'; his courtesy name, origin and death are not recorded, and the Records contain no assessment of him. Records, Shu 2 §15
In the Romance
In Chapter 20 of the Romance, Dong Cheng, General of Chariots and Cavalry, finds inside the lining of the jade belt bestowed by Emperor Xian a secret edict written by the Son of Heaven in his own blood. After he and the Attendant Gentleman Wang Zifu, who has secretly read the edict, write their names and marks on white silk, Wang Zifu says, 'The general Wu Zilan is very close to me; he can join us in this plan,' and Dong Cheng says that among all the ministers at court only the Colonel of the Changshui Chong Ji and the Court Gentleman for Consultation Wu Shuo are his trusted men. Just then the two of them come to visit, and they too read the edict and cannot stop weeping. Romance, Ch. 20 §29–30 · 33–37
Saying, 'You two wait here a while; I will go and bring Wu Zilan,' Wang Zifu goes out and soon returns with Wu Zilan, who greets everyone and then also writes his name. While Dong Cheng is drinking with them in the rear hall, Ma Teng, Grand Administrator of Xiliang, comes to call; having read the edict, Ma Teng too writes his name on the pledge and swears an oath smeared with blood, then points to the five men seated there and says that if they can gather ten men, the great undertaking will succeed. Romance, Ch. 20 §37–38 · 41–42
The pledge that Dong Cheng shows Liu Bei in Chapter 21 bears only six names: first, Dong Cheng, General of Chariots and Cavalry; second, Wang Zifu, Attendant Gentleman of the Ministry of Works; third, Chong Ji, Colonel of the Changshui; fourth, Wu Shuo, Court Gentleman for Consultation; fifth, Wu Zilan, General Who Displays Good Faith; sixth, Ma Teng, Grand Administrator of Xiliang. Liu Bei too writes 'General of the Left Liu Bei' and adds his mark. Romance, Ch. 21 §5–6
In Chapter 23, the servant Qin Qingtong, punished by Dong Cheng, flees to Cao Cao's chancellery and reports that five men—Wang Zifu, Wu Zilan, Chong Ji, Wu Shuo and Ma Teng—discussed a secret matter at his master's house, and that they must surely be plotting against the Chancellor. Cao Cao has the Imperial Physician Ji Ping, caught offering poison, dragged before a banquet of the ministers and beaten, saying that there were already six fellow plotters, and Wang Zifu and the three others, who came to the banquet for fear of arousing suspicion, merely stare at one another as if sitting on a mat of needles. After the banquet breaks up, Cao Cao keeps back only the four of them and confronts them with Qin Qingtong, and when they insist to the end that there was no such thing, he has them seized and imprisoned. Romance, Ch. 23 §38–39 · 45–50
The Romance dates Ji Ping's death, when he dashes his head against the steps, to the 1st month of the 5th year of Jian'an (200). After the edict from the sash and the pledge are found in Dong Cheng's bedroom, in Chapter 24 Cao Cao has Dong Cheng and the four others, together with their entire households, old and young, taken to the various city gates and beheaded; over seven hundred people die in all. After a poem lamenting Dong Cheng, the Romance gives a poem lamenting Wang Zifu and the three others. Romance, Ch. 23 §54 · 57Romance, Ch. 24 §1–4
Where the Romance differs
Office: In Chapter 20 of the Romance Wang Zifu calls him 'the general Wu Zilan', and on the pledge in Chapter 21 he is listed as 'Wu Zilan, General Who Displays Good Faith'. The Biography of the First Sovereign in the Records writes only 'the general Wu Zilan'. Romance, Ch. 20 §35Romance, Ch. 21 §5Records, Shu 2 §15
How he joined: In Chapter 20 of the Romance, Wu Zilan comes to Dong Cheng's house on Wang Zifu's recommendation and writes his name on the pledge. The Biography of the First Sovereign in the Records says only that Liu Bei plotted with Dong Cheng, Chong Ji, Wu Zilan, Wang Zifu and others; it neither says who drew him in nor mentions the pledge. Romance, Ch. 20 §35 · 38Records, Shu 2 §15
Fellow plotters: On the pledge in Chapter 21 of the Romance, six men—Dong Cheng, Wang Zifu, Chong Ji, Wu Shuo, Wu Zilan and Ma Teng—write their names, and Liu Bei is added. The men named in the Biography of the First Sovereign in the Records are Liu Bei, Dong Cheng, the Colonel of the Changshui Chong Ji, the general Wu Zilan, Wang Zifu and others; Wu Shuo and Ma Teng do not appear in this passage. Romance, Ch. 21 §5–6Records, Shu 2 §15
How the plot came to light: In Chapter 23 of the Romance, the servant Qin Qingtong names five men including Wu Zilan in denouncing them to Cao Cao, and after the banquet Cao Cao confronts Wang Zifu and the three others with Qin Qingtong and then imprisons them. In the Records, the Annals of Emperor Wu say only that 'the plot leaked' and the Biography of the First Sovereign only that 'the matter was discovered', without recording how. Romance, Ch. 23 §39 · 48–50Records, Wei 1 §58Records, Shu 2 §15
Fate: In Chapter 24 of the Romance, Dong Cheng and the four others are beheaded at the various city gates together with their entire households. The Biography of the First Sovereign and the Annals of Emperor Wu in the Records record only that Dong Cheng and the others were all executed, and do not name Wu Zilan or record his end. Romance, Ch. 24 §1Records, Shu 2 §15Records, Wei 1 §58
Written by 3KDEX (not yet reviewed) — The tags at the end of each paragraph link to the exact passage in the Records volume or Romance chapter it is based on.
Abilities
The Records score (Chen Shou’s Records of the Three Kingdoms, main text) is the baseline. Each ability compares how the Romance redrew the same person, and the evidence from both sources explains the difference.
- LEA4242±0
- STR4040±0
- INT3535±0
- POL3131±0
- CHA3538+3
- VIR6268+6
- ADP3838±0
- SCH3131±0
- DIP3131±0
- DIS3131±0
Abilities shaped by the Romance — where it differs from the Records Differences of 10 or more
No ability differs by 10 or more — the Romance portrays this person much as the Records do.
10 similar abilities — show evidence
RNo direct record — estimated from his deedsShu 2 §15
NNo direct record — estimated from his deedsCh. 20 §38
RNo direct record — estimated from his deedsShu 2 §15
NNo direct record — estimated from his deedsCh. 20 §35
RPlotted with Dong Cheng and Liu Bei to do away with Cao CaoShu 2 §15
NWrote his name on the pledge for the sash edict and joined the plotCh. 20 §38Ch. 21 §5
RNo direct record — estimated from his part in Dong Cheng's plotShu 2 §15
NNo direct record — estimated from the plot being denouncedCh. 23 §39
RNo direct record — no record of learningShu 2 §15
NNo direct record — no record of learningCh. 20 §38
RNo direct record — estimated from his deedsShu 2 §15
NNo direct record — estimated from his deedsCh. 20 §38
RNo direct record — estimated from his deedsShu 2 §15
NNo direct record — estimated from his deedsCh. 20 §38
Records Romance Unverified No direct record; scored from their actions (evidence grade C)
3KDEX scoring — the Records use the main text of Chen Shou’s Records of the Three Kingdoms; the Romance uses the 120-chapter Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Click a source tag to open that passage in the reader.
Romance chapters (3)
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