Rebellion · Coup

Guo Ma's Rebellion 郭馬之亂

About this event

Guo Ma's Rebellion was a revolt raised in Guang Province in the summer of the 3rd year of Tianji (279) by Guo Ma, who had been Commander of Retainers under Xiu Yun, Wu's Administrator of Hepu. Together with the retainer commanders He Dian, Wang Zu, Wu Shu, Yin Xing and others, Guo Ma stirred up the soldiers and people, killed Yu Shou, Area Commander of Guang Province, and styled himself Chief Controller of All Military Affairs in the Two Provinces of Jiao and Guang and General Who Pacifies the South. Sun Hao had Teng Xun (滕循) advance by the eastern road and Tao Jun by the western road, and also had Tao Huang, Governor of Jiao Province, attack him together with the forces under his command. Records, Wu 3 §74–76

Chen Shou recorded this rebellion in the Biographies of the Three Successor Rulers, Records of Wu 3, and in the Biographies of Wang, Lou, He, Wei and Hua, Records of Wu 20, he recorded that the two younger brothers of Wang Fan, who had been moved to Guang Province, refused to serve Guo Ma and were killed. After Jin's campaign against Wu began that winter, Chen Shou's text does not mention the rebellion again, so how it ended is not recorded. The Romance does not take up this rebellion even while portraying Sun Hao's misrule. Records, Wu 3 §74–78Records, Wu 20 §6Romance, Ch. 120 §20–21

Course of events in the Records

Guo Ma had originally been Commander of Retainers under Xiu Yun, Administrator of Hepu. When Xiu Yun, transferred to be Administrator of Guilin, fell ill and stayed in Guang Province, he first gave Guo Ma five hundred soldiers to go to the commandery and pacify the various non-Han peoples, and when Xiu Yun died, those soldiers were to be split up and reassigned. Guo Ma and the others, being an old unit handed down for generations, did not want to be dispersed, and when Sun Hao happened at that time to order a verification of the households of Guang Province, they used this as a pretext to frighten and stir up the soldiers and people. Records, Wu 3 §74

In the summer of the 3rd year of Tianji (279), Guo Ma gathered a following with the retainer commanders He Dian, Wang Zu, Wu Shu, Yin Xing and others, attacked and killed Yu Shou, Area Commander of Guang Province, and styled himself Chief Controller of All Military Affairs in the Two Provinces of Jiao and Guang and General Who Pacifies the South, making Yin Xing Inspector of Guang Province and Wu Shu Administrator of Nanhai. He Dian attacked Cangwu and Wang Zu attacked Shixing. Records, Wu 3 §74–75

In the 8th month Sun Hao made the Bearer of the Mace Teng Xun (滕循) Minister of Works, but before he took office changed this to General Who Guards the South with provisional credentials (jiajie) and Governor of Guang Province, and had him lead ten thousand men by the eastern road to attack Guo Ma. But Teng Xun ran into Wang Zu at Shixing and could not advance, and Guo Ma killed Liu Lüe, Administrator of Nanhai, and drove out Xu Qi, Inspector of Guang Province. Sun Hao then had Tao Jun, Area Commander of Xuling (徐陵), take the western road with seven thousand men, and had Tao Huang, Governor of Jiao Province, attack Guo Ma together with the eastern and western armies, using the forces under his command and the troops of Hepu, Yulin and other commanderies. Records, Wu 3 §75–76

That winter, when Jin set out by several routes to attack Wu, Tao Jun reached Wuchang but, on news that the northern armies had come out in force, halted and did not advance. Chen Shou's text does not record what became of Guo Ma after that. The account of Wang Fan records that Sun Hao moved Wang Fan's family to Guang Province, and that his two younger brothers Wang Zhu and Wang Yan refused to serve Guo Ma when he rose up and were killed. Records, Wu 3 §78Records, Wu 20 §6

Written by 3KDEX (not yet reviewed) — The tags at the end of each paragraph link to the exact passage in the Records volume or Romance chapter it is based on.

Belligerents

ItemAB
FactionsWu
CommandersTao Jun
Strength率萬人從東道討馬 · 陶濬將七千人從西道

Factions, commanders, strength and casualties are checked against the source texts (3KDEX). Strength and casualties show only figures stated in the sources. Source: Wu 3 §75 · Wu 3 §76

Romance chapters (1)

Records volumes (2)